The invention discloses a civil air defense alarm supervision system and method based on the Internet of things. The system comprises a cloud platform layer, a field supervision layer and an alarm issuing layer. The cloud platform layer comprises a data communication module, a fault analysis module, an algorithm analysis module, a maintenance management module, a GIS map positioning module and an information pushing module. The field supervision layer comprises a wireless communication module, an alarm monitoring module, an environment monitoring module and a video monitoring talkback module. The alarm issuing layer comprises a wireless gateway controller. Through interpenetration and deep fusion of a civil air defense alarm system and the Internet of things, the civil air defense alarm system and cloud platform resources are effectively integrated, and the functions of false alarm prevention, missed alarm prevention, theft alarm prevention, working environment monitoring, video monitoring and the like of a civil air defense alarm are achieved. The reliability of normal work of the civil air defense alarm system is improved, the time for handling equipment faults is effectively saved, the working efficiency is improved, and the personnel cost is reduced.