The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide detection, in particular to a fruit and vegetable residual pesticide detection system which comprises a separation mechanism, a squeezing mechanism and a stirring mechanism, the squeezing mechanism is installed on the separation mechanism, and the stirring mechanism is installed in the middle of the squeezing mechanism. The separation mechanism comprises a bottom plate, mounting holes, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, filter holes, a vertical groove, a rotating pin, a discharge pipe, a sampling pipe, a sampling valve, a flow guide pipe, a regulating valve, a side plate and a top plate, the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper side of the bottom plate, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the edge of the bottomplate. According to the fruit and vegetable residual pesticide detection system, the first motor can drive the lifting plate to move up and down in a threaded mode, and when the lifting plate pushes the upper pressing plate to move downwards, the lower pressing plate can be driven to move upwards through the inclined rod and the seesaw, then fruits and vegetables are squeezed, juice can be discharged from the filtering holes and temporarily stored in the gap between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve after being discharged, and detection and sampling can be conducted only by opening the sampling valve.