936results about How to "Improve compression performance" patented technology

A lossless audio codec segments audio data within each frame to improve compression performance subject to a constraint that each segment must be fully decodable and less than a maximum size. For each frame, the codec selects the segment duration and coding parameters, e.g., a particular entropy coder and its parameters for each segment, that minimizes the encoded payload for the entire frame subject to the constraints. Distinct sets of coding parameters may be selected for each channel or a global set of coding parameters may be selected for all channels. Compression performance may be further enhanced by forming M / 2 decorrelation channels for M-channel audio. The triplet of channels (basis, correlated, decorrelated) provides two possible pair combinations (basis, correlated) and (basis, decorrelated) that can be considered during the segmentation and entropy coding optimization to further improve compression performance.

A self-powered pacemaker uses the variations of blood pressure inside the heart or a major artery to create a periodic change in the magnetic flux inside a coil. The pressure variations compress a bellows carrying a magnet moving inside a coil. The inside of the bellows is evacuated to a partial or full vacuum, and a spring restores the bellows to the desired equilibrium point, acting against the blood pressure. The current pulses are stored in a capacitor. Eliminating the battery allows dramatic miniaturization of the pacemaker to the point it can be implanted at the point of desired stimulation via a catheter. The invention includes means of compensating for atmospheric pressure changes.

An efficient method for compressing sampled analog signals in real time, without loss, or at a user-specified rate or distortion level, is described. The present invention is particularly effective for compressing and decompressing high-speed, bandlimited analog signals that are not appropriately or effectively compressed by prior art speech, audio, image, and video compression algorithms due to various limitations of such prior art compression solutions. The present invention's preprocessor apparatus measures one or more signal parameters and, under program control, appropriately modifies the preprocessor input signal to create one or more preprocessor output signals that are more effectively compressed by a follow-on compressor. In many instances, the follow-on compressor operates most effectively when its input signal is at baseband. The compressor creates a stream of compressed data tokens and compression control parameters that represent the original sampled input signal using fewer bits. The decompression subsystem uses a decompressor to decompress the stream of compressed data tokens and compression control parameters. After decompression, the decompressor output signal is processed by a post-processor, which reverses the operations of the preprocessor during compression, generating a postprocessed signal that exactly matches (during lossless compression) or approximates (during lossy compression) the original sampled input signal. Parallel processing implementations of both the compression and decompression subsystems are described that can operate at higher sampling rates when compared to the sampling rates of a single compression or decompression subsystem. In addition to providing the benefits of real-time compression and decompression to a new, general class of sampled data users who previously could not obtain benefits from compression, the present invention also enhances the performance of test and measurement equipment (oscilloscopes, signal generators, spectrum analyzers, logic analyzers, etc.), busses and networks carrying sampled data, and data converters (A / D and D / A converters).

A method and structure for reducing access latency and contention in a processing system is disclosed. The invention detects when the amount of available memory is outside a prescribed range, and responsively selects data blocks for compression (to add to the available memory,) or decompression (to use surplus available memory for uncompressed data,) until the amount of available memory is within the prescribed range. When data blocks are compressed, a DOC is determined and stored as an attribute in the directory entry associated with the data block. A most recently used list of recent data block addresses prevents those, as well those data blocks with poor DOC attributes, from being selected for recompression. All zero data blocks are detected to avoid standard compression / decompression overhead.

A method and apparatus are provided for encoding and decoding a multi-view moving picture. A method of estimating a disparity vector to encode a multi-view moving picture includes: estimating disparity vectors for a predetermined number of encoded macroblocks; and calculating disparity vectors of macroblocks adjacent to the encoded macroblocks using the estimated disparity vectors. Therefore, it is possible to quickly perform encoding of a multi-view moving picture and enhance compressibility of the multi-view moving picture.

A method and apparatus are provided for encoding and decoding a multi-view video. The multi-view video encoding apparatus includes a disparity estimator receiving a current frame and a reference frame and estimating disparity vectors between the current frame and the reference frame by the block; a disparity deviation calculator calculating deviations between the estimated disparity vectors and calculating deviations of the deviations between the estimated disparity vectors; and an encoder encoding the multi-view video using the calculated deviations of the disparity vectors or the calculated deviations of the deviations of the disparity vectors. Therefore, it is possible to enhance compressibility of a multi-view video.

An apparatus and a method for video encoding / decoding using predictability of an intra-prediction mode are disclosed. The apparatus for encoding a video of the present disclosure includes: an intra-prediction mode determiner for determining an encoder prediction mode which is an intra-prediction mode of a current block of the video; an encoder for encoding a residual block generated by subtracting, from the current block, a predicted block generated by predicting the current block according to the encoder prediction mode; a mode information generator for generating mode information according to whether or not a video decoding apparatus is able to predict the encoder prediction mode; and an encoded data generator for generating encoded data including the encoded residual block and the mode information. The present disclosure can enhance compression in video encoding / decoding by using intra-prediction to predict the video with a minimum necessary bit rate.

A wound treatment device comprises a wound surface contacting plug (10) and a cover (24) for covering the wound surface (22) and the plug (10), wherein said plug (10) consists of a flat textile isolating material comprising at least one first surface layer (12), one second surface layer (14) and one intermediate space (18) arranged between said surface layers (12, 14). At least the first surface layer (12) is provided with a biocompatible surface and a structure which enables a liquid to pass and prevents a wound tissue from growing in said structure. The intermediate space (18) is provided with isolating threads (16) elastically holding the first surface layer (12) and the second surface layer at a certain distance from each other.

A microcrystalline cellulose-based excipient having improved compressibility, whether utilized in direct compression, dry granulation or wet granulation formulations, is disclosed. The excipient is an agglomerate of microcrystalline cellulose particles and from about 0.1% to about 20% silicon dioxide particles, by weight of the microcrystalline cellulose, wherein the microcrystalline cellulose and silicon dioxide are in intimate association with each other. The silicon dioxide utilized in the novel excipient has a particle size from about 1 nanometer to about 100 microns. Most preferably, the silicon dioxide is a grade of colloidal silicon dioxide.

A lossless audio codec encodes / decodes a lossless variable bit rate (VBR) bitstream with random access point (RAP) capability to initiate lossless decoding at a specified segment within a frame and / or multiple prediction parameter set (MPPS) capability partitioned to mitigate transient effects. This is accomplished with an adaptive segmentation technique that fixes segment start points based on constraints imposed by the existence of a desired RAP and / or detected transient in the frame and selects a optimum segment duration in each frame to reduce encoded frame payload subject to an encoded segment payload constraint. In general, the boundary constraints specify that a desired RAP or detected transient must lie within a certain number of analysis blocks of a segment start point. In an exemplary embodiment in which segments within a frame are of the same duration and a power of two of the analysis block duration, the RAP and / or transient constraints set a maximum segment duration to ensure the desired conditions. RAP and MPPS are particularly applicable to improve overall performance for longer frame durations.

A parallel decompression system and method that decompresses input compressed data in one or more decompression cycles, with a plurality of tokens typically being decompressed in each cycle in parallel. A parallel decompression engine may include an input for receiving compressed data, a history window, and a plurality of decoders for examining and decoding a plurality of tokens from the compressed data in parallel in a series of decompression cycles. Several devices are described that may include the parallel decompression engine, including intelligent devices, network devices, adapters and other network connection devices, consumer devices, set-top boxes, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, digital data recording, reading and storage devices, optical data recording, reading and storage devices, solid state storage devices, processors, bus bridges, memory modules, and cache controllers.

A method of encoding video data using soft decision quantization makes use of iterative encoding to provide the ability to optimize encoding across different functional elements in a hybrid video encoder. Iterative encoding is used to allow quantization step size, motion prediction and quantization levels to be optimized despite their interrelated nature.

The polishing pad of this invention is a polishing pad effecting stable planarizing processing, at high polishing rate, materials requiring surface flatness at high level, such as a silicon wafer for semiconductor devices, a magnetic disk, an optical lens etc. This invention provides a polishing pad which can be subjected to surface processing to form a sheet or grooves, is excellent in thickness accuracy, attains a high polishing rate, achieves a uniform polishing rate, and also provides a polishing pad which is free of quality variations resulting from an individual variation, easily enables a change the surface patterns, enables fine surface pattern, is compatible with various materials to be polished, is free of burrs upon forming the pattern. This invention provides a polishing pad which can have abrasive grains mixed at very high density without using slurry, and generates few scratches by preventing aggregation of abrasive grains dispersed therein. The polishing pad of this invention has a polishing layer formed from a curing composition to be cured with energy rays, the polishing layer being formed surface pattern thereon by photolithography. The polishing pad of this invention comprises a polishing layer resin having abrasive grains dispersed therein, the resin containing ionic groups in the range of 20 to 1500 eq / ton.

A motion vector estimation circuit (101) interpolates, with sub-pixel precision, a prediction block indicated by a motion vector estimated with integer-pixel precision as well as a region around the prediction block within a search area in a reference picture, using a 2-tap pixel interpolator (605), and estimates two or more motion vectors indicating positions of prediction blocks having high correlation with a current block to be coded, within the interpolated region. A motion compensation circuit (102) interpolates, with sub-pixel precision, each of the prediction blocks indicated by the estimated motion vectors, using a 6-tap pixel interpolator (901), compares the coding costs of the interpolated prediction blocks, and determines a motion vector indicating a position of a prediction block having highest correlation with the current block, from among the estimated motion vectors. As mentioned above, the number of motion vector candidates is narrowed down by sub-pixel precision motion prediction using a reference image created by a 2-tap filter, and then motion compensation is performed on these motion vector candidates using a 6-tap filter. Therefore, it becomes possible to achieve moving picture compression performance as high as sub-pixel precision motion prediction using a reference image created by a 6-tap filter.

A composition, comprising (a) microcrystalline cellulose; and (b) a compressibility augmenting agent which (i) physically restricts the proximity of the interface between adjacent cellulose surfaces; or (ii) inhibits interactions between adjacent cellulose surfaces; or (iii) accomplishes both (i) and (ii) above, is disclosed. The composition is in the form of agglomerated particles of microcrystalline cellulose and the compressibility augmenting agent in intimate association with each other.

Sanitary tissue products employing fibrous structures that exhibit novel compressibility properties alone and in combination with plate stiffness properties and methods for making same.

Embodiments of the invention provide new fittings and fitting assemblies for tight, leak-proof filter and fluid connections in a pump useful in dispensing fluid onto wafers during a semiconductor manufacturing process. One embodiment of a fitting assembly comprises an o-ring-less low profile fitting and a low profile male threaded locking nut. A manifold of the pump is machined with a female threaded hole for receiving the fitting and the locking nut. The fitting has higher compressibility than the manifold. Initially, as one end of the fitting touches the bottom of the receiving hole, there is a small gap between the end of the fitting and the bottom of the receiving hole. As the fitting is pressed down, the end of the fitting that touches the bottom of the receiving hole begins to deform and fill the small gap, thus creating a tight seal between the fitting and the manifold.

A method for improving rate distortion performance of a compression system through parallel coefficient cancellation in a transform comprising the steps of (A) determining a block sum of absolute values for each of a plurality of blocks in a macroblock and (B) setting one or more coefficient values of a block to zero in response to a block sum value of said block being less than a first predetermined threshold value.

Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding an image. The image encoding method includes searching for a reference block for obtaining partition information of a current block, referring to at least one reference picture; dividing the current block based on the partition information obtained from the reference block and performing inter prediction with regard to each of a plurality of partitions included in the current block; and encoding the current block based on a result of the inter prediction.

A wound treatment device comprises a wound surface contacting plug and a cover for covering the wound surface and the plug, wherein said plug consists of a flat textile isolating material comprising at least one first surface layer, one second surface layer and one intermediate space arranged between said surface layers. At least the first surface layer is provided with a biocompatible surface and a structure which enables a liquid to pass and prevents a wound tissue from growing in said structure. The intermediate space is provided with isolating threads elastically holding the first surface layer and the second surface layer at a certain distance from each other.

A process for the purification of a silicone oil or fluid using neat supercritical carbon dioxide or a supercritical carbon dioxide mixture extraction to produce vitreoretinal silicone tamponades. The subject process is an economical, highly effective, reproducible, contaminant-free method by which unreacted relatively low molecular weight cyclic siloxanes and oligomers are removed from relatively high molecular weight silicone oil or fluid.

A method, apparatus, and computer program product are disclosed for compression of a 2D-plus-depth representation based on spatial downsampling of an initial depth map. By utilizing the color image accompanying the initial depth map, it is possible to infer structural information that refines and reconstructs the initial depth map out of a heavily subsampled version of the depth map. In the process, no indexing of the exact positions of the subsampled depth values is needed, which leads to very efficient compression. An example method causes segmentation of the color image into a set of super-pixel segments, and causes downsampling of the initial depth map based on the set of super-pixel segments. The method subsequently causes generation and storage of a compressed representation based on the segmented color image and the downsampled depth map. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also provided.

The invention relates to an intelligent household information management system comprising a remote back-stage management center, a TCP / IP network system, a terminal system and a server. The terminal system comprises a terminal and a terminal platform software system, wherein the terminal comprises a terminal main control module, a data packet module, a calling module, a multimedia processing module, an audio and video encoding and decoding module, an interface module, a terminal communication module, a driver processing module, a database and network file system application module and an acquisition module. The remote back-stage management center comprises a main control module, a communication module, a database module, an upgrading and processing module, a multimedia processing module, a magnetic card and safety management module, a managed and alarm module, a calling management module and a message management and state detection module. A master chip of a multimedia integrated system can realize the output of multi-channel different signals, and the intelligent household information management system has high degree of intelligence, good compatibility and expansibility, and simple operation of equipment.

An enhancement that reduces the digital interface rate of analog-to-digital (A / D) and digital-to-analog (D / A) converters through the use of compression and decompression is described. Improved A / D converters compressing a sampled version of an A / D converter's analog input signal in real time, thereby significantly decreasing the required bit rate of the A / D converter's digital interface. Similarly, improved D / A converters decrease the required bit rate of the D / A converter's digital interface. D / A converters include a decompressor that decompresses the D / A converter's compressed digital input in real time, prior to conversion to an analog output signal.

A method of preparing an excipient composition includes forming an aqueous slurry containing a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose in the form of a wet cake and a surfactant, said surfactant being present in an amount from about 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight of the wet-cake microcrystalline cellulose; and drying said slurry to obtain an excipient comprising a plurality of agglomerated particles of microcrystalline cellulose in intimate association with said surfactant. The excipient may be mixed with a therapeutically active agent to form a dosage form. The surfactant provides a hydrophobic boundary at cellulose surfaces, and improves absorptivity of the therapeutically active agent.

A flowmeter, and a method of, measuring the flow of a multi-phase fluid is described. The flowmeter has a first pressure sensor located in a conduit for measuring a first pressure differential at a first location and a second response sensor spaced along the conduit for measuring a second pressure differential at a second location. The flowmeter includes pressure drop creation means for causing a drop in fluid pressure between the first and second locations, and a water fraction meter upstream of the first location or downstream of the second location for measuring the fraction of water in the multi-phase fluid. Various embodiments of the invention are described and in a preferred arrangement the first and second pressure measuring means are venturi flowmeters.