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Nonlinear System Identification Techniques and Devices for Discovering Dynamic and Static Tissue Properties

A device for measuring a mechanical property of a tissue includes a probe configured to perturb the tissue with movement relative to a surface of the tissue, an actuator coupled to the probe to move the probe, a detector configured to measure a response of the tissue to the perturbation, and a controller coupled to the actuator and the detector. The controller drives the actuator using a stochastic sequence and determines the mechanical property of the tissue using the measured response received from the detector. The probe can be coupled to the tissue surface. The device can include a reference surface configured to contact the tissue surface. The probe may include a set of interchangeable heads, the set including a head for lateral movement of the probe and a head for perpendicular movement of the probe. The perturbation can include extension of the tissue with the probe or sliding the probe across the tissue surface and may also include indentation of the tissue with the probe. In some embodiments, the actuator includes a Lorentz force linear actuator. The mechanical property may be determined using non-linear stochastic system identification. The mechanical property may be indicative of, for example, tissue compliance and tissue elasticity. The device can further include a handle for manual application of the probe to the surface of the tissue and may include an accelerometer detecting an orientation of the probe. The device can be used to test skin tissue of an animal, plant tissue, such as fruit and vegetables, or any other biological tissue.
Owner:MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH

Immersion lithography methods using carbon dioxide

A substrate is patterned by performing immersion lithography on a photoresist layer on the substrate using carbon dioxide. The immersion layer may be provided and / or removed and / or the photoresist layer may be developed, dried and / or removed using carbon dioxide. The immersion layer can include liquid and / or solid immersion layers. The need for organic solvents in immersion lithography can thereby be reduced or eliminated.
Owner:THE UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL

Method of full-color optical coherence tomography

Two-dimensional and three-dimensional optical coherence tomography is obtained by differential imaging of full-frame interference images using a white light source. Full-color tomographic imaging is also possible by processing the three-color channels of the interference images. A technique is described to obtain two-dimensional OCT images with full natural color representation. In a particular embodiment, the interference image is acquired using a color camera and the three-color channels are processed separately, recomposing the final image. In an additional embodiment, the interference images are acquired using separate red, blue and green light sources and the three color channels are combined to recompose the final image.
Owner:UNIV OF SOUTH FLORIDA

High Temperature Stable Thermally Conductive Materials

Disclosed herein are compositions, preparation methods, and use of thermally conductive materials comprising silicone composition curable by hydrosilylation, thermally conductive fillers, and phthalocyanine. The novel composition retains its desirable pliability after cure even when kept at an elevated temperature for an extended period.
Owner:DOW SILICONES CORP

Large automatic ultrasonic dish washing machine

The invention discloses a large automatic ultrasonic dish washing machine. The large automatic ultrasonic dish washing machine comprises an ultrasonic washing tank, an air-drying tank and a collecting tank in sequence from front to back. The ultrasonic washing tank is internally provided with ultrasonic emitting head devices and a driving device, and the driving device is connected with the ultrasonic emitting head devices and used for driving the ultrasonic emitting head devices to work. Each ultrasonic emitting head device comprises an ultrasonic transducer and a high pressure air nozzle which enables input high pressure air to form bubbles in a cleaning fluid, each ultrasonic transducer is used for providing energy for the cleaning fluid, the bubbles in the cleaning fluid are broken to produce an impact force, and the impact force is utilized for washing dishes to be washed. The large automatic ultrasonic dish washing machine is simple and exquisite in structure and is used for washing dishes and the like; the high pressure gas is introduced, the strength of ultrasonic waves produced by the emitting head devices is high, the impact force and friction force of the ultrasonic waves produced by breaking of the bubbles are large, no surfactant or detergent is needed, the effect is good, and environmental protection and sanitation are achieved.
Owner:曾仲林 +1

Optimizing refinery hydrogen gas supply, distribution and consumption in real time

The present invention is directed to innovative and unique mathematical models that capture key constraints, process kinetics and control structures such that a wide envelope of hydrogen gas and associated light gas supply, distribution and use can be modeled. The present invention is also directed to a real time optimization (RTO) computer application for effective optimization of hydrogen and associated light gas supply and distribution and, thereby, consumption, in a refinery that employs said models and solves an objective function, as well as to a method and refinery using the same. The objective function can be an economic objective function such as the minimization of cost for hydrogen supply and distribution or the maximization of profit based on a valuation of products made by hydrogen consumers in the hydrogen system minus the corresponding cost of the hydrogen supply and distribution.
Owner:EXXON RES & ENG CO

Metal-to-metal seal with soft metal insert

An annular metal-to-metal sealing system, for use in wellhead systems and having many other uses, has a metal member defining an annular internal or external sealing surface for which sealing is intended. An annular seal body composed of high strength metal material is positioned in concentric relation with the annular sealing surface and is sufficient flexible to become spring loaded, typically during assembly, for continuous application of a spring force. The annular seal body defines one or more annular seal retainer grooves each having an annular soft metal sealing insert therein, with a portion thereof exposed for sealing engagement with the annular sealing surface. The spring loaded characteristic of the annular seal body applies constant force to maintain the soft metal seal insert in constantly energized sealing relation with the annular sealing surface and maintains effective sealing even when dimensional changes to the sealing surface occur due to temperature or pressure changes.
Owner:FMC CORP
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