The invention provides an avionics full duplex switched Ethernet (AFDX) terminal protocol stack, and a data receiving and sending method thereof. The AFDX terminal protocol stack uses a hardware description language to design and achieve a terminal system requested by ARINC 664 specifications, supports a user datagram protocol (UDP) layer, an internet protocol (IP) layer and a media access control (MAC) layer, and supports all protocol stack functions such as information sharding and recombining, flow controlling, integrity checking and redundancy managing. By adopting the mode, the processing speed of the AFDX terminal protocol is improved, requirements for line speed processing and time delaying of the ARINC664 specifications are satisfied, power consumption of the terminal system is reduced, workloads of an external host processor is decreased, reliability of the terminal system is improved, and simultaneously production cost of the terminal system is reduced effectively.