The invention discloses an agricultural planting environment monitoring system based on the internet, and relates to the technical field of agricultural planting. The agricultural planting environment monitoring system comprises a data acquisition part, an environment regulation and control part and a terminal monitoring part. The data acquisition part comprises a water quality monitoring device, an air component monitoring device, a temperature and humidity monitoring device, a wind speed monitoring device, a soil component monitoring device, an illumination monitoring device and a video acquisition device. The environment regulation and control part comprises a water quality purifying device, an irrigation device, a light supplementing device, a fertilizing device and a pest expelling device. A micro-processing controller is connected with the terminal monitoring part through a wireless transmission module. The air quality, the soil component, the wind speed, the illumination intensity, the water quality situation and image information of the agricultural planting area are acquired in real time, the agricultural planting area is monitored in real time, the environment of the agricultural planting area is regulated and controlled, the nutriment, the water and the light are timely supplemented, the pests are reduced, the degree of soil pollution is reduced and sound-light early warning is timely emitted through a sound-light early warning device so that the output of the agricultural crops can be enhanced.