38 results about "Mass diffusion" patented technology

An apparatus and method for producing a diffusive, continuous laminar flow for particle growth via condensation of vapors with a mass diffusivity near or higher than the thermal diffusivity of the surrounding gas. In an exemplary embodiment, the method uses the condensation of water vapor onto particles suspended in air.

The invention provides an industrial park atmospheric pollutant diffusion simulating and tracing method. The industrial park atmospheric pollutant diffusion simulating and tracing method specificallycomprises the following steps: (1) based on multi-point pollutant component analysis and concentration real-time monitoring data, analyzing atmospheric pollutant emission characteristics of an emission source, and calculating dynamic emission source intensity; (2) constructing an atmospheric pollutant diffusion model based on a Gaussian smoke plume diffusion theory and a smoke mass diffusion theory, calculating pollutant diffusion distribution characteristics of an emission source according to real-time meteorological data, and predicting the pollutant concentration of sensitive points; and (3) simulating and calculating the influence of the low-rise building within the factory boundary distance of the industrial park on airflow movement, determining a transmission path of emission sourcepollutants, and performing tracing analysis on sensitive point pollutants. The theories of Gaussian diffusion, smoke mass diffusion and computational fluid mechanics are integrated, the problem that the industrial park atmospheric pollutant emission traceability is difficult is solved, and the effective supervision of the industrial park ambient air quality is realized.

An apparatus and method for producing a diffusive, continuous laminar flow for particle growth via condensation of vapors with a mass diffusivity near or higher than the thermal diffusivity of the surrounding gas. In an exemplary embodiment, the method uses the condensation of water vapor onto particles suspended in air.

The invention discloses a recovery method of a carbon-fiber reinforced resin-base composite material with pretreatment modes, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out heat-moisture treatment, loop speed-up aging treatment or water-jet impact treatment on a carbon-fiber reinforced resin-base composite material, and carrying out supercritical reaction to obtain high-performance carbon fibers, thereby implementing recovery of the carbon-fiber reinforced resin-base composite material. The heat-moisture treatment and loop speed-up aging treatment in the method enable the interfacial structure of the material to generate new pores and cracks, so that the resin base generates the phenomena of swelling and plasticizing, the pore size in the resin base is increased, and a small amount of resin base is stripped from the carbon fibers; the water-jet impact treatment mode can lower the interfacial bonding property of the material and previously destroy the structure of the resin base; all the three modes can enhance the mass diffusion of the supercritical fluid in the resin base, accelerate the degradation of the resin base in the supercritical fluid environment and enhance the recovery efficiency of the carbon fibers.

A highly convenient design support method and design support system for a heat convection field or a mass diffusion field which significantly reduce the number of times of numerical simulation required to examine the designing parameters for achieving the design purpose. The design support method includes a forward analysis step of analyzing the heat convection field or the mass diffusion field by solving an equation of the heat convection field or the mass diffusion field based on an initially set value of a designing parameter, an inverse analysis step of analyzing a sensitivity defined by a change ratio of the design purpose to a designing parameter change by solving an adjoint equation corresponding to the design purpose based on the set design purpose, and a sensitivity display step of displaying information on the sensitivity analyzed by inverse analysis step as a graphic image on the display device.

A work function setting metal stack includes a configuration of layers including a high dielectric constant layer and a diffusion prevention layer formed on the high dielectric constant layer. An aluminum doped TiC layer has a thickness greater than 5 nm wherein the configuration of layers is employed between two regions as a diffusion barrier to prevent mass diffusion between the two regions.

A method of performing a sequence of measurements, z, R; M; (t1,t2), of at least one parameter and recursively performing predictions. The method comprising the steps of—based on at least on a first measurement instance (M (tk); (k)), predicting the outcome (x, P) for at least two models (C, S); —after a subsequent measurement instance (M (tk+Tp)(k+Tp)) updating the models (C, S) for the corresponding point in time, whereby the prediction made on the basis of the first measurement instance is updated in the light of the subsequent measurement instance; and—re-arranging at least one model (C, S) for the subsequent measurement instance (tk+Tp) (k+Tp), whereby one updated model influences another updated model. For a model set comprising at least one complementary (C) model and at least one sub (S) model, under the step of rearranging the S model never influences the C model. For a model set comprising exclusively complementary (L, N, R) models, under the step of re-arranging, for a given pair of models within the model set (L, N, R), a model having a higher probability (μ) influences a model having a lesser probability, but wherein a model having a lesser probability (μ) never influences a model having a higher probability.

The invention discloses a full three-dimensional simulation method for an acidification flow experiment. According to the method, a differential method is utilized to discrete a fluid seepage continuity equation and an acid-liquid mass diffusion reaction equation, and an H+ local equilibrium equation, a porosity change equation, a permeability change equation and a pore throat radius change equation are established at the same time; initial conditions and boundary conditions are substituted into the simulation equations; a simulation program is compiled by utilizing the equations, the initialconditions and the boundary conditions; 6, reservoir cores are scanned to obtain three-dimensional spatial distribution parameters of porosity; a three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the porosity is established, and the compiled program is utilized to achieve full three-dimensional numerical simulation of the acidification flow experiment on the basis of the established three-dimensional spatial distribution model of the porosity. According to the method, full three-dimensional numerical calculation is adopted, the calculation precision is effectively improved, and meanwhile the influence laws of each parameter on the development of wormholes are conveniently, quickly and accurately studied.

The invention discloses a personalized recommendation method based on users and articles. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining an article data set and a user data set with different popularity degrees; Establishing a hyper-parameter balance diffusion model; And according to the hyper-parameter balance diffusion model, traversing the parameters beta and Delta in the hyper-parameter balance diffusion model to obtain a personalized recommendation list based on the user and the article. According to the method, the process of inhibiting mass diffusion by using hyper-parameters is provided, so that the diversity is improved as much as possible under the condition that the accuracy is not damaged, an optimal recommendation result is realized by traversing the parameters, and excessive diffusion between crowds and articles is inhibited by simultaneously adjusting popular users and articles; The algorithm is evaluated through the two real data sets, it is proved that the methodis superior to other algorithms in accuracy, diversity and novelty, that is, the model of the method can bring good performance improvement.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an electrochemical sensor based on biomass carbon and an electrocatalysis application thereof. The preparation method takes hollow thin wall-structure setaria viridis cilia as a precursor, and a nano porous material is obtained through a one-step high-temperature pyrolysis activating method, the material is prepared to a solution, and then is used for coating the surface of a glassy carbon electrode, a modification electrode is a work electrode, and the electrochemical sensor based on biomass carbon is prepared. The prepared electrochemical sensor is used for electrochemical oxidation of tryptophan, the result displays that the overpotential of tryptophan on the electrochemical sensor is obviously reduced, and the electric current of an oxidation peak is obviously increased, the introduction of the nano porous material is capable of promoting electron transfer and mass diffusion, and provides more active sites, and electrocatalysis effectof the tryptophan by the sensor is realized. The related raw material is weed which has the characteristics of large hazardness, low utilization value and difficult processing, and has good social benefit.

The invention discloses a multistage vertical partition fire prevention system for a tunnel. According to the multistage vertical partition fire prevention system, an ignition point is effectively separated from a periphery tunnel space, quick and mass diffusion of smoke generated by fire is avoided, and an escape way is provided for personnel evacuating and fire-fighting equipment entering in the tunnel. The multistage vertical partition fire prevention system comprises flexible tunnel fire prevention devices with retractable fireproof curtains; the flexible tunnel fire prevention devices are contentiously arranged in a tunnel cavity at intervals in the extending direction; and when the tunnel cavity is transversely partitioned by the retractable fireproof curtains of multiple adjacent flexible tunnel fire prevention devices, a plurality of partition spaces are formed in the tunnel cavity, and labyrinth seal is formed between the plurality of partition spaces and the tunnel cavity outside two sides of the plurality of partition spaces.

The invention discloses a method for researching eutectic reaction and high-temperature melting behaviors in a reactor core by using a particle grid mixing method. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: 1, setting initial arrangement of particles for specific problems; 2, performing mesh generation on the initial particle position; 3, solving a mass diffusion equation and an energy equation by using a finite volume method to obtain a mass and temperature solution of a next time layer; 4, solving a momentum equation by using a moving particle semi-implicit method to obtain the positions and speeds of the particles; 5, iteratively solving the steps 2-4 until a result at the required moment is obtained through solving; and 6, outputting a calculation result, and carrying out post-processing to obtain heat distribution, melt distribution and melt migration conditions in the reactor core. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of accurately processing the freesurface and simulating the phase change by adopting the moving particle semi-implicit method, has high precision of calculation by adopting the finite volume method, can be used for researching the melting process of the reactor core, and provides an important basis for researching the early melting safety characteristic of the reactor core in serious accidents of the nuclear power plant reactor.

The invention provides a mixed conductive silver paste for package of a nano chip. The preparation method is simple, stable and reliable in preparation process and free of pollution to the environment. The mixed conductive silver paste comprises the components: 65-85% of aluminium powder, 5-25% of an organic solvent, 1-2% of a dispersing agent, 10-20% of an organic carrier, 0.5-5% of surface active agent, and 0.1-5% of a diluent. An abietic acid is taken as the surface active agent, and the mixture of the acrylic resin and the ethyecellulose is taken as the organic carrier to effectively delaythe generation of mass diffusion and avoid generation of low-temperature non-intensive diffusion, the mixing of the nano silver powder and the micron silver powder is employed to maintain the stabilization of particles and have the effects on dispersion of nano particles and avoiding of agglomeration so as to improve the performances of the slurry; the sodium and silver slurry obtained by employing the formula and the preparation method has the thermal conductivity being 193W / (K.m) after sintering which is better than the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive glue and the alloy solder for package, and the shear strength of a sintered joint can reach 37.5 MPa, and the performance is excellent.

The invention utilizes a layer-by-layer secondary growth method for enabling a molecular sieve to be assembled to diatomite. A special template agent containing CTAB enables mesopores to be produced inside crystals of the surface of the molecular sieve in a molecular sieve assembling and growing process, mass diffusion and limiting influence in an adsorption process are reduced, and adsorption advantages of micropores are maintained. The obtained product has a skeleton structure and macropores of diatomite, micropores of the molecular sieve and introduced mesopores, strong adsorption capability, rapid hole diffusion process and good surface hydrophobic property, and pore diameter ratio and type of the molecular sieve can be adjusted according to different pollutants. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple in process and operation, a preparation period is short, requirement on instrument is low, sample stability is high, and the prepared composite has a broad application prospect in the field of water pollutant treatment.

The invention discloses an in-vehicle air quality pre-evaluation method. The method comprises the steps of giving a plurality of in-vehicle parts; testing each part in a vehicle to obtain an initial diffusible concentration, a diffusion coefficient and a separation coefficient of pollutants; according to the initial diffusible concentration, the diffusion coefficient and the separation coefficientof each part in the vehicle, a given mass diffusion equation in the part, an initial condition of the mass diffusion equation and a boundary condition, obtaining a pollutant emission rate of a material per unit area of each part in the vehicle; and obtaining concentration change information of air mass in the vehicle according to the pollutant emission rate of the material per unit area of each part in the vehicle, a preset mass conservation equation and pollutant information inside and outside the vehicle. The method has advantages that a pollution emission process of the parts in the vehicle is described based on a material pollution emission model, based on that, the air quality of the whole vehicle is simulated and evaluated, and an air quality condition in the vehicle can be evaluated in a whole vehicle design stage.

The forming process of superfine crystal and nanocrystal coating includes the following steps: conventional cleaning treatment of the surface to be coated; setting the wire or foil of the coating material before the surface in proper distance; and passing instantaneous large current via the wire of foil to produce electric explosion so as to form flying particle of coating material at the speed of 500-3000 m / s and to form uperfine crystal and nanocrystal coating. The present invention has the obvious advantages of high strnegth between the coating and the substrate surface owing to the metallurgical combination and mass diffusion of the high-speed fluid, long service life of the coated part, controllable coating thickness, low cost and no environmental pollution. The present process may be used in preparing wear resistant, anticorrosive and antioxidant coating and the coating material may be any conducting material.

The invention discloses an apparatus used for separating isotope mixing gas, which relates to the mixing gas separation field. The apparatus used for separating isotope mixing gas comprises relatively arranged upper resonant cavity and lower resonant cavity, an upper separator plate is arranged at bottom of the upper resonant cavity, a lower separator plate is arranged at top of the lower resonant cavity, several separating tubes are arranged between the upper separator plate and the lower separator plate, a cooling pipe is jointed at external part of each separating tube, the cooling pipes are mutually communicated, a water inlet is opened at bottom of at least one of the cooling pipe, and a water outlet is opened at top of at least one of the cooling pipe; length L of each separating tube is determined by wavelength Lambda of mixing gas under work frequency: L is less than 1 / 4 Lambda; cross section of each separating tube is a circle with diameter being d, d can be determined according to the mass diffusion penetration depth h of the mixing gas to be separated: d is greater than 2h and less than 4h. According to the invention, thermoacoustic separating effect and diffusion separating effect are simultaneously reduced, two separating effects are mutually promoted, and separating efficiency is increased.

The invention relates to a process for increasing the concentration of lithium ions in lithium niobate which comprises, placing the lithium niobate wafers with the same constituents into crucible, covering the wafers with right amount of lithium ion crystal powder and potassium ion crystal powder so as to melt down the crystal powder, then keeping constant temperature of 1000-1200 deg. C for 1-200 hours, cooling down to room temperature, and removing the ionic crystal residues adhering to the wafers by means of liquid cleaning and polishing.

The invention discloses a wide-temperature nanoparticle counter. The wide-temperature nanoparticle counter comprises an air inlet shunting structure, a saturator, a condenser and an optical counter, wherein the saturator, the condenser and the optical counter are communicated in sequence, the saturator, the condenser and the optical counter are all provided with temperature control units, and a liquid working medium of which the thermal diffusion coefficient is greater than the mass diffusion coefficient is stored in the saturator. According to the invention, to-be-detected gas is divided into two paths through the air inlet shunting structure, one path is filtered, enters the saturator and carries working medium steam to enter the condenser, and the other path enters the condenser from the center of the bottom of the condenser through a capillary tube or a micropore channel and is mixed with the gas carrying the working medium steam, wherein the working medium is selected from alcohols, silicone oil, esters or a solution formed by mixing at least two of the silicone oil, the esters and the alcohols; and aiming at different to-be-detected sample gas temperatures, different liquid working media are selected, so that effective measurement of the number concentration of the nanoparticles in a wide temperature range is realized.

A highly convenient design support method and design support system for a heat convection field or a mass diffusion field which significantly reduce the number of times of numerical simulation required to examine the designing parameters for achieving the design purpose. The design support method includes a forward analysis step of analyzing the heat convection field or the mass diffusion field by solving an equation of the heat convection field or the mass diffusion field based on an initially set value of a designing parameter, an inverse analysis step of analyzing a sensitivity defined by a change ratio of the design purpose to a designing parameter change by solving an adjoint equation corresponding to the design purpose based on the set design purpose, and a sensitivity display step of displaying information on the sensitivity analyzed by inverse analysis step as a graphic image on the display device.

A work function setting metal stack includes a configuration of layers including a high dielectric constant layer and a diffusion prevention layer formed on the high dielectric constant layer. An aluminum doped TiC layer has a thickness greater than 5 nm wherein the configuration of layers is employed between two regions as a diffusion barrier to prevent mass diffusion between the two regions.

The invention discloses a near-field dynamic modeling method for a composite mass diffusion problem. The method comprises the following steps of 1, building an entity model; 2, cutting the entity model, determining layering and mixing region positions of materials in the model, and giving corresponding material attributes to the regions; 3, dividing the entity model into unit grids; 4, setting concentration boundary conditions of the entity model; 5, on the basis of mass diffusion near-field dynamic constitutive relation, integrating model parameters, determining a calculation method for concentration changes of a diffusing substance in a composite in the entity model, and calculating operation parameters of all units in the entity model; 6, performing submission calculation. The modelingmethod is high in precision and good in grid adaptability, all the parameters in the model are preprocessed, the operation complexity can be greatly lowered, and an algorithm is greatly optimized; themodeling method and the operation process are large in adaptability and applicable to many problems.

The invention discloses a method for testing the solidification strength of a water-containing oilstone interface of an asphalt pavement. The method comprises the following five steps: carrying out preparation before test; carrying out primary preparation on test pieces; preparing test pieces with different water soaking time; determining the shear failure strength of the test pieces; and carryingout analogue computation on the water content of the oilstone interface of the matched test pieces. The method comprises the following specific test processes: carrying out indoor shear test on the test pieces with different water soaking time by virtue of a shear test instrument, and carrying out numerical simulation by virtue of a mass diffusion module of software ABAQUS, so as to obtain fittedcurves of water soaking time and interface water content; and finally, carrying out data processing, so as to obtain a fit relation between the water content of the oilstone interface and the shear strength. Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that the relation between the water content of the oilstone interface and the total shear strength of a contact surface is determined by virtue of a numerical simulation-indoor test combined research method, and empirical methods in the past are effectively improved, so that the test data is relatively precise and scientific.

The invention discloses a near-field dynamic modeling method for a composite mass diffusion problem. The method comprises the following steps of 1, building an entity model; 2, cutting the entity model, determining layering and mixing region positions of materials in the model, and giving corresponding material attributes to the regions; 3, dividing the entity model into unit grids; 4, setting concentration boundary conditions of the entity model; 5, on the basis of mass diffusion near-field dynamic constitutive relation, integrating model parameters, determining a calculation method for concentration changes of a diffusing substance in a composite in the entity model, and calculating operation parameters of all units in the entity model; 6, performing submission calculation. The modelingmethod is high in precision and good in grid adaptability, all the parameters in the model are preprocessed, the operation complexity can be greatly lowered, and an algorithm is greatly optimized; themodeling method and the operation process are large in adaptability and applicable to many problems.

The present invention relates to a negative electrode for a secondary battery. The negative electrode for a secondary battery according to the present invention comprises a negative electrode currentcollector and a negative electrode active material accumulated on at least a portion of the surface of the negative electrode current collector. Multiple deintercalation preventing current collectiongrooves in which the negative electrode active material is accumulated are formed in the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode active material is formed on the inner side surfaces of the deintercalation preventing current collection grooves such that space parts having mass diffusion layers formed therein are formed in the deintercalation preventing current collection grooves during a charging / discharging process.

The invention discloses a device and method for measuring the diffusion property of a refrigerant / lubricating oil system, which is especially suitable for measuring the diffusion property of a high-viscosity lubricating oil / refrigerant. The mass diffusion coefficient measurement device is composed of a high-resistant experimental body, an experimental optical path, a rotary table, a detection light source and a signal acquisition device. The experimental body has four large-area observation windows to ensure large-angle laser detection. The experimental optical path is built on a high-precision air-cushion optical vibration isolation platform, which can effectively prevent external vibrations from being transmitted to the experimental body, thereby interfering with surface wave fluctuations or bulk molecular fluctuations, and avoiding the influence of external vibrations on the experiment. The device is easy to operate, safe and reliable. The maximum pressure that the diffusion property testing device can withstand is 10MPa, and can be used for the determination of liquid diffusion properties under high pressure; the non-contact measurement that the diffusion property testing device is suitable for can be used in a wide range Within the range of the temperature range, the measurement is carried out at a higher temperature.

The invention relates to a process for increasing the concentration of lithium ions in lithium niobate which comprises, placing the lithium niobate wafers with the same constituents into crucible, covering the wafers with right amount of lithium ion crystal powder and potassium ion crystal powder so as to melt down the crystal powder, then keeping constant temperature of 1000-1200 deg. C for 1-200 hours, cooling down to room temperature, and removing the ionic crystal residues adhering to the wafers by means of liquid cleaning and polishing.

The invention discloses a silicon carbide crystal growing device, which comprises a furnace body, a silicon carbide crystal growing device and a silicon carbide crystal growing device, the heating device is used for heating the reaction cavity; the clamping assembly comprises a plurality of seed crystal clamping parts, and the seed crystal clamping parts are arranged in the reaction cavity and are used for clamping seed crystals; the rotation driving assembly comprises a plurality of first rotation driving parts, the first rotation driving parts are connected with the seed crystal clamping part through first connecting pieces, and each first rotation driving part can independently drive the seed crystal clamping part to rotate around the central axis of the seed crystal clamped by the first rotation driving part; and the rotation directions of the seed crystals (101) are the same, so that the flowing directions of gas close to two adjacent seed crystals are opposite. Therefore, the edge temperature of the growth crystal can be homogenized, a stable SixCy steam substance mass diffusion flux is established between the silicon carbide powder and the surface of the seed crystal, and the crystal quality is improved by adjusting the crystal growth mode and inhibiting the formation of polycrystalline at the edge of the growth crystal.

The invention discloses a recovery method of a carbon-fiber reinforced resin-base composite material with pretreatment modes, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out heat-moisture treatment, loop speed-up aging treatment or water-jet impact treatment on a carbon-fiber reinforced resin-base composite material, and carrying out supercritical reaction to obtain high-performance carbon fibers, thereby implementing recovery of the carbon-fiber reinforced resin-base composite material. The heat-moisture treatment and loop speed-up aging treatment in the method enable the interfacial structure of the material to generate new pores and cracks, so that the resin base generates the phenomena of swelling and plasticizing, the pore size in the resin base is increased, and a small amount of resin base is stripped from the carbon fibers; the water-jet impact treatment mode can lower the interfacial bonding property of the material and previously destroy the structure of the resin base; all the three modes can enhance the mass diffusion of the supercritical fluid in the resin base, accelerate the degradation of the resin base in the supercritical fluid environment and enhance the recovery efficiency of the carbon fibers.