The invention relates to a new synthetic method of an HIV-1 protease inhibitor, Atazanavir, which adopts a convergent-typed synthetic strategy, introduces a construction unit, methoxycarbonyl-tert-lencyl, as an N atom protecting group in the whole early synthetic stage, and takes the diastereomeric selective reduction of aminoketone as the key and final reaction step of the new process. The method comprises the steps that: the compound of formula V, namely, N-1-[N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-tert-leucine]-N-2-[4-(2-pyridyl)-phenmethyl]hydrazine, and the compound of formula VI, namely, (S)-1-((S)-4-chlorine-3-carbonyl-1-phenyl butane-2-yl-2-amino)-3, 3-dimethyl-1-carbonyl butane-2-yl-methyl carbamate, are treated with nucleophilic substitution reaction to generate the compound of formula VII, namely, 1-[4-(2-pyridyl)phenyl]-5(S)-2, 5-bis{[N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-tert-leucineyl] amino}-4-carbonyl-6-phenyl-2-azahexane; and the compound of formula VII is treated with reduction reaction to generate the Atazanavir. The invention has the advantages of less process route steps, easily-controlled reaction conditions, simple and convenient operation, low-price and easily-obtained raw material, high product yield, low cost and being suitable for large-scale production.