951 results about "Gastrointestines" patented technology

The present invention involves new interventional methods and devices for reconfiguring a portion of the gastrointestinal tract. The procedures are generally performed laparoscopically and may generally be described as laparoscopic plication gastroplasty (LPG) in which, after obtaining abdominal access, spaced apart sites on a gastric wall are engaged, approximated and fastened to create one or more tissue folds forming one or more plications projecting into the gastrointestinal space. The serosal tissue may optionally be treated during the procedure to promote the formation of a strong serosa-to-serosa bond that ensures the long-term stability of the tissue plication. These procedures are preferably carried out entirely extragastrically (i.e. without penetrating through the gastrointestinal wall), thereby minimizing the risks of serious complications.

A device useful for oral drug delivery device consisting of: (a) a capsule, tablet or pill designed to disperse in the gastrointestinal system; (b) an RFID tag positioned in the capsule, tablet or pill, the RFID tag comprising an antenna; (c) an object selected from the group consisting of a magnet, a ferromagnetic object, a ferrite object and an electromagnetic shielding object positioned within, over or adjacent the antenna of the RFID tag to alter the antenna characteristics of the RFID tag so that if the RFID tag is interrogated before the capsule, tablet or pill disperses in the gastrointestinal system, the response of the RFID tag is sufficiently altered or attenuated to determine that the capsule, tablet or pill has not dispersed in the gastrointestinal system and so that if the RFID tag is interrogated after the capsule, tablet or pill has dispersed in the gastrointestinal system, the object separates from the RFID tag so that the response of the RFID tag is sufficiently detectable to determine that the capsule, tablet or pill has dispersed in the gastrointestinal system. Alternatively, a switch can be used to signal ingestion of the device, and change the response of the device.

The present invention provides an oral formulation of a cytidine analog, including, 5-azacytidine, for delivery to the lower gastrointestinal tract, including, the large intestine; methods to treat diseases associated with abnormal cell proliferation by treatment with the oral formulations of the present invention; and methods to increase the bioavailability of a cytidine analog upon administration to a patient by providing an oral formulation of the present invention.

An ingestible device, adapted to travel in the gastrointestinal tract and perform a diagnostic image of tissue therein, is provided. The diagnostic image may comprise diagnostic information as a function of time, or diagnostic information as a function of distance traveled within the gastrointestinal tract. An imaging method by depth calculations is provided, based on the attenuation of photons of different energies, which are emitted from the same source, coupled with position monitoring.

A media supplement for culturing anaerobic bacteria is provided which comprises a filtrate of effluent from a chemostat vessel in which a target bacterial ecosystem has been cultured. Methods of using the supplement for culturing or isolating anaerobic microbial strains or communities, particularly anaerobic bacteria from the human gut, are also provided.

A method and apparatus to treat Barrett's tissue, a pre-cancerous condition, by removing the epithelium above the lower esophageal sphincter through cryo-ablation. An endoscope with fiber optics is used to view the operation, and a catheter for supplying liquid nitrogen is passed through the lumen of the endoscope. Liquid nitrogen at low pressure is sprayed directly onto the Barrett's tissue through the catheter while the physician views the operation through the fiberoptics of the endoscope and controls the spray via a valve. Freezing is indicated by whiteness and shows that the epithelium has been cryoablated. The apparatus can also be used to treat various other gastrointestinal tract lesions. The catheter is insulated to withstand extremely cold temperatures without becoming stiff and without affecting the inherent flexibility and maneuverability of the endoscope.

Gastric apparatus (18) is provided, including one or more sensors (70, 72, 74), adapted to generate respective sensor signals responsively to a gastrointestinal (GI) tract physiological parameter of a GI tract of a subject, and an implantable control unit (90), comprising a rechargeable battery and a first set of one or more transducers. The implantable control unit (90) is adapted to receive the sensor signals, using one or more of the transducers of the first set, and transmit data responsively to the sensor signals, using one or more of the transducers of the first set. An external control unit (200), including a power source and a second set of one or more transducers, is adapted to drive the power source to inductively transfer energy via one or more transducers of the second set, so as to recharge the battery, and receive the transmitted data, using one or more transducers of the second set.

Compositions and related methods for treating IBS and other gastrointestinal disorders and conditions (e.g., gastrointestinal motility disorders, functional gastrointestinal disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), duodenogastric reflux, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, functional heartburn, dyspepsia (including functional dyspepsia or nonulcer dyspepsia), gastroparesis, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (or colonic pseudoobstruction), and disorders and conditions associated with constipation, e.g., constipation associated with use of opiate pain killers, post-surgical constipation, and constipation associated with neuropathic disorders as well as other conditions and disorders are described. The compositions feature peptides that activate the guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) receptor.

Nitric oxide releasing oxindole prodrugs are described which are useful in methods of treating or preventing pain, inflammation, fever, or gastrointestinal lesions in a patient in need of such treatment, or of modifying an inflammatory disease or condition by favorably affecting the outcome thereof in said patient, wherein there is administered to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In preferred embodiments, X is a covalent bond; RA and RB are both hydrogen; n is the integer 4; Y is -O-; Z is -NO2; RC is a member selected from the group consisting essentially of 5-Cl and 5-F; RD is a member selected from the group consisting essentially of 6-Cl and 6-F; and RE is a member selected from the group consisting essentially of benzyl, 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, 5-chloro-2-thienyl and 5-trifluoromethyl-2-thienyl.

The invention provides novel guanylate cyclase-C agonist peptides and their use in the treatment of human diseases including gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation or cancer (e.g., a gastrointestinal cancer). The peptides can be administered either alone or in combination with an inhibitor of cGMP-dependent phosphodiesterase. The gastrointestinal disorder may be classified as either irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, or excessive acidity etc. The gastrointestinal disease may be classified as either inflammatory bowel disease or other GI condition, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and cancer.

A method of glucose level control comprising providing at least one electrode adapted to apply an electric field to a pancreas; and applying an electric field to the pancreas using said at least one electrode such that blood glucose levels are significantly reduced and blood insulin levels are not significantly increased compared to a regular insulin response in a same person.

The compounds of the instant invention are bicyclic or tricyclic amino acids useful in the treatment of epilepsy, faintness attacks, hypokinesia, cranial disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, depression, anxiety, panic, pain, arthritis, neuropathological disorders, sleep disorders, visceral pain disorders, and gastrointestinal disorders. Processes for the preparation of the final products and intermediates useful in the process are included. Pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of the compounds are also included.

Exemplary embodiments of devices and method for affecting at least one anatomical tissue can be provided. A configuration can be provided that includes a structure which is expandable (i) having and / or (ii) forming at least one opening or a working space through which the anatomical tissue(s) is placed in the structure. For example, the structure, prior to being expanding, can have at least one partially rigid portion. In addition, or as an alternative, upon a partial or complete expansion thereof, the structure can be controllable to have a plurality of shapes. Further, the structure can be controllable to provide the working space with multiple shapes and / or multiple sizes.

Method and apparatus for limiting absorption of food products in specific parts of the digestive system is presented. A gastrointestinal implant device is anchored in the stomach and extends beyond the ligament of Treitz. All food exiting the stomach is funneled through the device. The gastrointestinal device includes an anchor for anchoring the device to the stomach and a flexible sleeve. When implanted within the intestine, the sleeve can limit the absorption of nutrients, delay the mixing of chyme with digestive enzymes, altering hormonal triggers, providing negative feedback, and combinations thereof. The anchor is collapsible for endoscopic delivery and removal.

Compositions and related methods for treating IBS and other gastrointestinal disorders and conditions (e.g., gastrointestinal motility disorders, functional gastrointestinal disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), duodenogastric reflux, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, functional heartburn, dyspepsia (including functional dyspepsia or nonulcer dyspepsia), gastroparesis, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (or colonic pseudoobstruction), and disorders and conditions associated with constipation, e.g., constipation associated with use of opiate pain killers, post-surgical constipation, and constipation associated with neuropathic disorders as well as other conditions and disorders are described. The compositions feature peptides that activate the guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) receptor.

The invention relates to an Oral Delayed Immediate Release formulation comprising a compressed core containing one or more active substances surrounded with a coating, wherein release of active substance from the core is caused by rupture of the coating after a definite lag-time, said core comprising one or more immediate release carriers and having no substantial swelling properties upon exposure to gastrointestinal fluids. The invention further relates to formulations containing an Immediate Release formulation combined with one or more Oral Delayed Immediate Release formulations with different lag-times and to a method of preparing an Oral Delayed Immediate Release formulation.The Oral Delayed Immediate Release formulation may be used for the application of active substances whenever a certain lag-time before release is advantageous, such as in be the case of anti-asthmatics, anti-emetics, cardiotonics, vasodilators, anti-vertigo and anti-meniere compounds, anti-hypertensives, sedatives, anti-depressants, anti-anxiety compounds, cortico-steroids, general anti-inflammatory compounds, anti-inflammatory compounds for gastrointestinal use, anti-ulceratives, analgetics, anti-aritmics, anti-rheumatics, anti-arthritic compounds and anti-angina compounds.The Oral Delayed Immediate Release formulation may also be used for the application of biological active compounds such as proteins, peptides, enzymes, vaccines and oligonucleotides.

A system of rotate-to-advance medical devices including catheters, dilators, occluders, stents, suprapubic catheters and camera introducers configured with external screw threads and depending substantially on rotation for means of advancement and emplacement in mammalian genitourinary and gastrointestinal passages and organs.

The present invention relates to compounds of Formula I or II, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof:which relates to morphinan compounds useful as μ, δ, and / or κ receptor opioid compounds and pharmaceuticals containing same that may be useful for mediating analgesia, combating drug addiction, alcohol addiction, drug overdose, mental illness, bladder dysfunctions, neurogenic bladder, interstitial cystitis, urinary incontinence, premature ejaculation, inflammatory pain, peripherally mediated and neuropathic pain, cough, lung edema, diarrhea, cardiac disorders, cardioprotection, depression, and cognitive, respiratory, diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome and gastro-intestinal disorders, immunomodulation, and anti-tumor agents.

Systems for phase-change particulate slurry cooling equipment and methods to induce hypothermia in a patient through internal and external cooling are provided. Subcutaneous, intravascular, intraperitoneal, gastrointestinal, and lung methods of cooling are carried out using saline ice slurries or other phase-change slurries compatible with human tissue. Perfluorocarbon slurries or other slurry types compatible with human tissue are used for pulmonary cooling. And traditional external cooling methods are improved by utilizing phase-change slurry materials in cooling caps and torso blankets.

The present invention relates to a method of treatment of cachexia in a subject in need of treatment. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of retinoid compounds that act on retinoid X receptors (RXRs) for the treatment of cachexia in a subject in need of treatment. The cachexia is associated with, in other words a complication of, a primary disease, condition or disorder. Primary diseases, conditions and disorders include, but are not limited to, cancer, AIDS, liver cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic cardiac failure, immune system diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus), tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease), Parkinson's disease, anorexia nervosa, dementia, major depression, an aged condition and sarcopenia.

A composition for oral, transdermal or subdermal administration to a subject is described. The composition contains: (a) an agonist component; (b) an antagonist component containing at least one antagonist and having a delayed time of release; and (c) an immediate release antagonist removal component, where the subject includes a gastrointestinal tract and the antagonist removal component is present in an amount sufficient to substantially remove the antagonist component from the gastrointestinal tract of the subject before the time of release of the antagonist component. The composition may be delivered to the subject by a method which includes the step of administering the composition orally, transdermally or subdermally to the subject. When the composition of the present invention is administered orally, the method of the present invention may include the step of administering a potassium compound to the subject.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions for reducing Distress Dysfunction by restoring and maintaining homeostatic balance in the neurotransmitter systems underlying the Stress Response and the experience of distress and hedonic tone. Distress Dysfunction refers to the experience of dysfunctional emotional and physical distress that interferes with the individual's quality of life and functioning. A novel understanding of the bimodal opioid modulation of pain, and its impact, through serotonergic, dopaminergic, epinephrinergic, and norepinephrinergic processes, on hedonic tone, leads directly to new generation pharmaceutical formulations that are remarkably safe and effective for the treatment of a wide variety of Distress Dysfunctions, including anxiety, depression, anger, insomnia, mood disorders, eating disorders, sexual problems, pain, substance and behavioral addictions, gastrointestinal disorders, autistic spectrum disorders, attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorders, and other emotional and physical distress disorders. The foundation of this discovery is the power of Receptor Switchers, such as ultra-low-dose and very-low-dose opioid antagonists and GM1 ganglioside attenuators, in blocking acute and protracted excitatory opioid receptor signaling. Co-administration of Receptor Switchers with Endorphin Enhancers, such as specific cAMP PDE inhibitors and excitatory amino acids, is an excellent formulation for restoring healthy homeostatic balance to the endogenous opioid system, using the body's endorphins to reduce emotional and physical distress, and through synergistic and homeostatic processes, restoring positive hedonic tone. The addition of Synergistic Enhancers, such as amino acids, SSRI and SNRI agents, and non-opioid analgesics, as well as Exogenous Opioids, enhances and prolongs these therapeutic benefits. The novel principles discovered by this invention also teach a new generation of safe and effective formulations for the treatment of respiratory conditions, neuropathy, and nociceptive pain.

This patent is an evolution of previous combination medication patents. Previous combination patents such as U.S. Pat. No. 6,613,354 which is a combination of an NSAID and Proton Pump Inhibitor. Thus the previous patents have covered gastrointestinal prophylaxis but none has covered both gastrointestinal and cardiovascular prophylaxis. This is likely because the cardiovascular side effects of NSAIDs were only recently discovered. This patent thus represents a leap in safety in a class of medication that is used by millions of Americans on a daily basis. This combination would thus decrease morbidity and mortality.

Present invention relates to a novel pharmaceutical composition containing an active ingredient(s) which is retained in the stomach or upper part of gastrointestinal tract for controlled delivery of medicament for improved local treatment, and / or better absorption from upper parts of gastrointestinal tract for effective therapeutic results. Present invention also provides a method for preparation of the said dosage form preferably in the form of a bilayer tablet, in which one layer constitutes for spatial control and the other being for temporal control.

Disclosed herein are novel liquid delivery catheters, and methods and kits implementing the same. The disclosed catheters are particularly useful for localized delivery of a liquid caustic agent to treat various defects associated with malformations and injuries resulting in chronic or acute bleeding, or to ablate tumors, occlude fistulae or other luminal structures. The disclosed devices have uses in a number of medical disciplines, and specific examples are provided pertaining to treatment of defects, malformations, and injuries, or bleeding due to medical procedures, in and along the gastrointestinal tract.

Compounds of Formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or esters thereof, are useful in treating diseases or conditions mediated by CB1 receptors, such as metabolic syndrome and obesity, neuroinflammatory disorders, cognitive disorders and psychosis, addiction (e.g., smoking cessation), gastrointestinal disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.

Method for screening patients to predict which patients at risk of a medical disorder, such as morbid obesity, gastrointestinal problems, or gastroesophageal problems, will be responders, and conversely, which patients will not, to achieve a favorable outcome from therapy for that disorder. This method supports an intervention strategy for patients having weight or gastrointestinal problems that will cut health costs. It enables patients and care-givers alike to more efficiently use their time, efforts and resources by enabling an early selection of an appropriate treatment modality for a given patient. Its application also extends to other implantable medical devices and therapies using them.

An ingestible device is provided. The ingestible device comprises a sink mechanism, for generating net influx of at least one constituent-of-interest present in a gastrointestinal tract of an individual, and a confining mechanism for confining the sink mechanism in a predetermined confinement.