168 results about "Depth conversion" patented technology

The invention discloses a prediction and evaluation technology of 3D seismic optimum time window river channel sand body reservoirs, belongs to the technical field of the prediction and evaluation of the 3D seismic reservoirs, and aims at solving technical problem that the river channel predictive resolution of the traditional methods is not enough. The technical proposal is as follows: the 3D visualization scanning is performed on each reservoir at the interval of 1-2ms, the optimum time window is determined according to the scope shown by the target river channel, the corresponding subfield is cut out, clairvoyance and scanning are carried out on the time window properties, such as root-mean-square amplitude, wave impedance and the like, auto-tracing is performed, top surface and bottom surface are picked up, a time isopach map is calculated and converted into a sand body isopach map, a top surface structure diagram is formed by time-depth conversion, and the reservoir physical properties are evaluated by curve reconstruction, thus realizing the prediction and evaluation of the plane morphology, longitudinal thickness and the reservoir physical properties of the river channel sand body. The method adopts the optimum time window to effectively inhibit interference, is applicable to various data volumes, and can effectively predict and evaluate a thin river channel sand body with the thickness far less than 1 / 4 of a wavelength under the condition of frequent interbedding of sand and mudstone, the thin river channel sand body comprises the river channel sand body which is not corresponding to wave crest or wave trough, and the method has good application effect in petroleum exploration and development.

A method and apparatus for three-dimensional video encoding and decoding using disparity derived depth prediction are disclosed. Embodiments of the present invention determine a disparity vector related to a collocated texture block in the dependent view and generate converted depth samples from the disparity vector. The generated converted depth samples are used as a predictor or Merge candidate for the current depth block. The Merge candidate corresponding to the converted depth samples can be placed in the merging candidate list at a location before TMVP (temporal motion vector predictor) merging candidate. The converted depth samples can be generated from the disparity vector according to a function of the disparity vector. Information associated with the function can be signaled explicitly to a decoder or derived implicitly by the decoder. One aspect of the present invention addresses simplified disparity to depth conversion, specifically division-free disparity-to-depth conversion.

The invention discloses a prediction method for reservoir thickness which is based on dipole wavelet. Steps are as follows, parameters are extracted, time difference of sound wave between a reservoir and a non-essential reservoir as well as the density are resolved; the time difference of sound wave and the density are converted into a time domain by time-depth conversion, the reflectances of the top and bottom of the reservoir are computed, and a time domain model at the well point is set up, the velocity of longitudinal wave, the density, the wave impedance, and the reflectances are involved in the time domain model; the seismic wavelet is extracted and optimized; a seismic responsing pattern store of reservoir is built by the following steps, the seismic wavelet is taken as a basic wavelet function, the reflectances of the top and bottom of the reservoir are respectively coefficients c and d of the dipole wavelet function to be inputs of the dipole wavelet function, and a reservoir seismic responsing pattern store with a given reservoir section of the work area is set up, spectrum of reservoir thickness is set up; the distribution of the reservoir in three dimensions is predicated quantitatively.

The invention relates to a depth domain velocity modeling method for piedmont zone seismic data processing. The method comprises the following steps: 1) velocity constrained inversion is used for local single point control on a prestack time migration root mean square velocity, a time domain layer velocity is converted through a DIX formula, time-depth conversion is then carried out, a depth domain layer velocity volume is obtained and is subjected to smoothing, and a prestack depth migration depth domain initial layer velocity model is obtained; 2) grid chromatography inversion optimization is carried out on a velocity model; 3) the optimized velocity model is used for carrying out prestack depth migration on all data in a work area, a depth domain stacked data volume is obtained, the depth domain stacked data volume can be scaled to the time domain, structural interpretation is carried out on the time domain, and a structural model is obtained; and 4) borehole restraint is used for carrying out chromatography inversion optimization on the structural model. Thus, the piedmont zone high-steep structure depth migration imaging processing depth domain velocity model precision is improved, the piedmont zone high-steep structure migration precision is higher, and the well-to-seismic coincidence degree is improved.

The invention provides receivers which can be used to heat a working fluid to high temperature. In preferred embodiments, concentrated solar radiation is received and converted to heat at varying depths in the receiver such that multiple layers of surface are used to heat the working fluid. In addition, the depth-loading configuration helps to trap received heat to reduce radiant thermal loss.

The invention discloses a speed modeling method based on a true earth surface and a floating datum plane. The method includes the steps that a superficial part speed model is built by using superficial part speed resources reflected by excitation well depth, uphole time, short-refraction information and logging information; medium-deep part speed spectrum resources are processed, and a medium-deep part speed model is built; on the basis of a fusion technology, the superficial part speed model and the medium-deep part speed model are fused to be a full speed model based on the true earth surface and the floating datum plane; on the basis of a newly derived average statics correcting value method floating datum plane sea level elevation expression, the condition that the floating datum plane deviates from the earth surface is quantified, and a full speed model datum plane correction technology is innovatively built. The full speed module obtained according to the method conforms to the underground geological rules better, and not only can be applied to a prestack depth migration link of earthquake information processing to improve migration imaging precision, but also can be applied to a time-depth conversion link of earthquake information interpretation to improve structural interpretation precision.

The invention relates to a low water-air ratio and middle water-air ratio carbon monoxide (CO) conversion process. The process comprises the following steps of: (1) feeding raw gas into a pre-converter, wherein the temperature of the raw gas entering the inlet of the pre-converter is between 210 and 250 DEG C and the mole ratio of water to dried gas is 0.21 to 0.23; (2) feeding pre-converted mixed gas into a first converter to perform depth conversion, wherein the temperature of the pre-converted mixed gas entering the inlet of the first converter is between 260 and 290 DEG C and the mole ratio of water to dried gas is 0.8 to 1.0; (3) feeding the mixed gas passing through the first converter into a second converter, wherein the temperature of the mixed gas entering the inlet of the secondconverter is between 220 and 250 DEG C and the mole ratio of water to dried gas is 0.5 to 0.7; (4) feeding the mixed gas passing through the second converter into a third converter, wherein the temperature of the secondary conversion mixed gas entering the inlet of the third converter is between 205and 235 DEG C; and performing conversion on the mixed gas by using the third converter to obtain the mixed gas with the CO content lower than 0.40 percent. The process is unique and has the characteristics of high CO conversion rate, low energy consumption in the conversion process and the like.

A method is herein presented to statistically combine multiple seismic attributes for generating a map of the spatial density of fractures. According to an embodiment a first step involves interpreting the formation of interest in 3D seismic volume first to create its time structure map. The second step is creating depth structure of the formation of interest from its time structure map. In this application geostatistical methods have been used for depth conversional, although other methods could be used instead. The third step is extraction of a number of attributes, such as phase, frequency and amplitudes, from the time structure map. The next step is to project the fracture density onto the top of the target formation. The final step is to combine these attributes using a statistical method known as Multi-variant non-linear regression to predict fracture density.

The invention discloses a ground three-dimensional laser point cloud and ground penetrating radar image fusion method. On the basis of ground penetrating radar image and GPS data synchronization acquisition, an improved electromagnetic wave path propagation model is used for realizing time-depth conversion of the ground penetrating radar image, with a coordinate system of the ground three-dimensional laser data as reference, a geo reference absolute positioning equation is combined to convert two-different source isomerism data to the same coordinate system, and data fusion is realized. According to data features of a ground three-dimensional laser scanner and the ground penetrating radar, a three-dimensional laser point cloud and ground penetrating radar image fusion method is provided. The experiment result and error analysis prove that the process is simple, the fusion precision is high, and the adaptability is wide. Differences between resolutions and data amounts of the two-different source isomerism data are overcome, advantages of each of the three-dimensional laser scanner and the ground penetrating radar are executed thoroughly, and effective fusion of two different typesof data is realized.

Electronic Object Detection, the system and method of this invention can recognize objects in images or data acquired from a screening device and mark said objects if they can be hazardous. It is very useful to help the operators of said screening device to do their job more effectively and more efficiently. It acquires its input from any TWAIN-compatible digital imaging device comprising screening device with a video to USB adaptor. The data from said device is pre-processed to enhance its quality. The enhancement of these digital images comprises dilation, image-depth conversion, and gray scaling. After the enhancement process, information about each object is extracted from the image. Using this information, each object is recognized using an object recognition engine tolerant to size and rotation. A monitor hierarchically displays the actual data and the information about the class of each object, its location, and its hazard level.

The invention discloses a calculating method and system of a well-to-seismic integration average speed field. The method comprises the steps of: utilizing a well logging facies type of a target layer and a seismic facies type of the target layer to dividing a sedimentary facies of the target layer, encoding the sedimentary facies, and obtaining a sedimentary facies code; utilizing an earthquake to superpose speed fields, and by utilizing a Dix formula to calculate an earthquake average speed; utilizing well logging data to calculate a well logging average speed at each well drilling position of the target layer; and using the sedimentary facies code as a bound term, using the earthquake average speed as a secondary variable, using the well logging average speed as a main variable, utilizing a Co-Kriging estimating algorithm to carry out Co-Kriging interpolation, and obtaining a well-to-seismic integration average speed field. According to the invention, the high-precision well-to-seismic integration average speed field calculating method under the sedimentary facies constraint is utilized, and the consistence between a speed field transverse change trend and practical geological characteristics is ensured, so that the time-depth conversion precision of a structural map is improved.

The invention provides a depth domain phase-control inversion method. The depth domain phase-control inversion method comprises the steps of: A, carrying out seismic phase analysis; B, matching sample wells having similar waveforms; C, filtering in a range higher than a seismic frequency band to filter out a high frequency band, so as to find cut-off frequency of the similar waveforms having common structures; D, performing interpolation to establish an initial model, and carrying out phase control by combining with a seismic phase analysis result during the interpolation process; E, performing frequency analysis on seismic data, determining a low-pass frequency and a high-pass frequency, and filtering the initial model to filter out the low-pass frequency and the high-pass frequency, so as to obtain a band-notched initial model; F, combining with colored inversion, and merging an intermediate-frequency portion of colored inversion with low-frequency and high-frequency portions of the band-notched initial model by utilizing a frequency domain to obtain an absolute wave impedance or velocity invertomer, thereby completing depth domain reservoir inversion. The depth domain phase-control inversion method overcomes the high-frequency information loss caused by resampling during the well-logging curve time-depth conversion process, and effectively guarantees the high resolution feature of the seismic data.

The invention discloses a well-constrained two-dimensional seismic variable velocity field nonlinear error correction method which comprises the following steps: 1, performing deduction and conversion to improve and correct stack velocities of a poor data quality section and a seismic data-free section in a two-dimensional work area, and performing polynomial fitting on all the stack velocities on grid points to establish an initial stack velocity field; 2, generating an average wellhead velocity; 3, constructing an error function, namely making an error curve of a well side stack velocity and the average wellhead velocity, and an error curve of the well side stack velocity and a non-well side seismic channel stack velocity; 4, performing error correction on the seismic stack velocities in the grid points to establish a more reasonable and more accurate variable velocity field by taking nonlinearly variable function values obtained in step 3 as correcting values; 5, performing time-depth conversion on an interpretation time horizon to realize variable velocity mapping by utilizing a corrected variable velocity average velocity model. According to the method, errors of the variable velocity field are favorably reduced, so that the variable velocity mapping accuracy is improved.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method and a device for synthesizing earthquake record. The manufacture method comprises steps of obtaining earthquake data comprising time-depth relation data and corridor stack profile data, utilizing the time-depth relation data to perform correction processing on acoustic logging data, obtaining corrected acoustic logging data and depth correction data, utilizing depth-correction data to perform correction processing on density logging data to obtain corrected density logging data, obtaining a reflection coefficient sequence according to the calculation of the corrected acoustic logging data and corrected density logging data, utilizing time-depth relation data to perform time-depth conversion on the reflection coefficient sequence to obtain time-domain reflection coefficient sequence, determining a dominant frequency curve according to the corridor stack profile data, generating a ricker wavelet set, and performing convolution calculation on the ricker wavelet set and the time-domain reflection coefficient sequence to obtain synthesized earthquake record. The invention can obtain the synthetic earthquake record according with the reality.

The invention relates to approximation layer replacing static correction method used to correct earthquake collected data in oil gas, coalfield etc. It replaces actual inhomogeneous medium by homogeneous medium close to surface structure, removes high frequency component effected superposition imaging, and keeps seismic wave field of earth surface observation to reduce the static correction influence to the minimum. It includes the following steps: collecting recorded earthquake data by general seismic prospecting; investigating and recording close earth surface structure and speed physical quantity by conventional method; calculating smooth earth surface altitude; calculating smooth low decelerating layer speed; peeling off and filling communication; finishing excursion imaging based on altitude surface and time depth conversion after section interpretation by conventional method. The invention can remove seismic wave unequal quantities time delay caused by inhomogeneous medium close to earth surface to satisfy the demand for earthquake data processing and interpretation.

The invention discloses a depth estimation method based on edge pixel features, mainly solving the problem of inaccurate depth estimation of image edges in the traditional depth estimation method of an FTV system. The depth estimation method has the scheme that firstly, pixel in an image is divided into three classes of an edge upper pixel, an edge adjacent pixel and non-edge pixel according to the specific position of the current pixel; secondly, a parallax non-uniformity function corresponding to each class of the pixel is respectively designed according to the depth features of an object edge pixel in the image; then luminance non-uniformity and parallax non-uniformity of the pixel are respectively calculated according to a luminance non-uniformity function and the obtained three classes of the parallax non-uniformity function, and corresponding parallax estimation is carried out by using an energy minimization function; finally, a parallax value is converted to a corresponding depth value according to the estimated parallax value by using a parallax depth conversion function to complete the depth estimation. The invention efficiently improves the depth estimation accuracy of the object edge pixel, and can efficiently ensure the subjective quality and the objective quality of a virtual view integrated by the receiving terminal of the FTV system.

Systems and methods for the conversion of stacked, or preferably, time migrated 3D seismic data and associated seismic attributes from a time domain to a depth domain.

The invention discloses a conductivity-depth conversion method for aviation transient electromagnetic data. The algorithm is divided into three steps of calculating apparent conductivity, calculating apparent depth and estimating imaging depth. Firstly, a function equation which relates one-to-one mapping of conversion between all uniform half-space model conductivity and response data is proposed and thus a data function table for query of transient apparent conductivity values is established on the basis so that a non-uniqueness problem generated when the transient apparent conductivity is inquired directly through an induced electromotive force and a no-solution problem of the transient apparent conductivity are prevented and a reliable apparent resistivity value is obtained. Secondly, 1.28 times of the maximum amplitude of an induced electric field in a uniform half space is used as the apparent depth, which is rapidly inquired and obtained through the pre-built data function table and an approximate calculation formula of imaging depth is proposed and the layer thickness of the model is defined based on the apparent-depth change during two adjacent time-delay periods so that a conductivity-depth conversion result is obtained.

The invention provides a method and equipment for determining apparent dip angles of target layers of drill wells. The method includes acquiring layer velocity distribution of various layers according to drill well data and seismic data of the various drill wells; performing time-depth conversion on time-domain three-dimensional seismic data volumes by the aid of the acquired layer velocity distribution of the various layers to acquire depth-domain three-dimensional seismic data; capturing layer information of the target layers of the drill wells from the depth-domain three-dimensional data volumes; determining the apparent dip angles of the target layers of the drill wells on the basis of the layer information of the target layers of the drill wells. Each layer comprises a plurality of surface elements, and respective layer velocities of the various surface elements of the corresponding layers are indicated by the layer velocity distribution. The layer information of the target layers of the drill wells comprises horizontal coordinates and depth coordinates of common center points of the surface elements on the target layers of the drill wells. The method and the equipment have the advantage that the directional wells can be guided in thin reservoirs in regions with high, deep and complicated structures.

The invention relates to a radar detection method for the occurrence of a geological structure surface. The technical problem to be solved is to provide a method for enhancing the advanced geological forecast of a ground penetrating radar or the detection correctness and accuracy of a geological radar and avoid large error caused by visual direction or virtual inclination. The technical scheme for solving the problem comprises the following steps of: arranging at least two radar survey lines for a detection target structure surface; testing along the survey lines by using the ground penetrating radar; analyzing and processing data acquired by testing and performing time depth conversion so as to form a radar image; finding out each radar reflected wave event of the same geological structure surface; resolving an equation of the structure surface according to the directions of the survey lines, distance and a reflecting interface depth detected by each residual distance test point; and determining the spatial position of the structure surface according to the true occurrence of the structure surface. The method can be applied to the advanced geological forecast and geological detection of tunnels.

The invention relates to an in situ measurement method for a relative dielectric constant of a stratum. The method solves the technical problem of avoiding an error or a mistake caused by using a stratum rock sample measurement parameter or an estimated numerical value by directly measuring electromagnetic wave speed and relative dielectric constant of the in situ stratum on site and directly using the actually measured electromagnetic wave speed and relative dielectric constant for time depth conversion and image analysis of radar detection. In order to solve the problem, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps of: measuring the propagation speed of electromagnetic wave of the stratum on site by adopting a direct wave method, a wide angle reflection method or a narrow angle reflection method; and reckoning the relative dielectric constant of the stratum according to a formula epsilon r=c2 / v2. The method can be used for geological advanced forecast and geological radar detection of tunnels or holes.

The invention discloses a determination method for small-scale heterogeneous collective volume in oil and gas exploration. A time-domain seismic data body is inverted to obtain a wave impedance data body, the wave impedance data body is converted into a porosity data body, time-depth conversion is carried out on the porosity data body to obtain a depth-domain porosity body, the depth-domain porosity is carved to obtain a seam hole body which is placed at a position where only effective reservoir is kept, and volume integral is carried out on the seam hole body to obtain apparent volume. A model is forward modeled to obtain a work area volume correcting value edition, the apparent volume is rectified to obtain true volume, and total accumulating scale is obtained by accumulating true volume of all seam hole bodies in a work area. Compared with a traditional method, the determination method for the small-scale heterogeneous collective volume is reasonable and accurate. The determination method for the small-scale heterogeneous collective volume can provide an important basis for well placement decisions, calculation of reserves and development program design, well position is enabled to be conformed to real geological conditions, and therefore contradictions between the program design and production reality are reduced.

The invention discloses a transtensional fault mudstone smearing effect evaluation method comprising the following steps: 1, determining a transtensional fault according to regional geological background and fracture combination forms; 2, using time-depth conversion to obtain an inclination slip L of the transtensional fault on an earthquake profile vertical to the fault direction; 3, obtaining asection scratch direction according to the bored fault and cored rock core observation, and obtaining an angle [alpha] between the fault total slip direction and a direction slip; 4, using a trianglefunction: L1=L / sin [alpha] to obtain the fault total slip L1; 5, projecting the logging lithology data to the geological profile, thus obtaining a lithology joint relation of different layers of two fracture plates; 6, solving the ratio between an accumulated thickness H of the fault mudstone and the transtensional fault total slip, thus obtaining a calculation formula DMSP. The method can accurately calculate and determine the transtensional fault enclosing capability, thus predicting and evaluating an oil gas migration direction.

The invention provides a lower palaeozoic tilted stratum true thickness calculation method, comprising: a first step of performing fine layer interpretation on a plurality of standard reflection layers; a second step of: performing depth conversion on time layer data based on the standard reflection layers, and making a plane isobath map; a third step of calculating stratum thickness parameters; and a fourth step of calculating stratum true thickness. The lower palaeozoic tilted stratum true thickness calculation method is simple and easy to operate, and can improve the calculation accuracy of stratum true thickness, better understand lower palaeozoic stratum growth and predict each segment of reservoir stratums.

The invention discloses a multi-attribute seismic information fusion fracture prediction method based on a neural network. The method comprises the steps of (1) single well fracture development strength curved fitting, (2) prestack seismic multi-attribute fracture prediction and the obtainment of a fracture prediction body of an azimuthal anisotropy attribute and a fracture prediction body of a far and near offset distance attribute, (3) the time-depth conversion of a seismic attribute fracture prediction body and the obtainment of a depth domain fracture prediction body, (4) depth domain fracture prediction body coarsening, and (5) prestack seismic attribute fracture information fusion based on a BP neural network. According to the method, a BP neural network algorithm is fused into the process of multiple seismic attribute facture prediction information fusion, a scientific and objective fusion fracture prediction body is obtained, seismic data and single well data are combined, the single well constraint of a seismic attribute body is carried out, and the prediction accuracy is improved further.

The invention provides a depth domain stratal configuration inversion method based on geological information mapping. The method comprises steps of inputting a prestack depth migration seismic data volume; inputting logging data and interpretation horizon; establishing a speed model and extracting a depth domain wavelet; making a depth domain synthetic record and conducting horizon calibration; establishing a reasonable construction frame geological model; establishing a depth deviation obligatory point based on the geological model; and adopting a rapid threshold convergence iterative algorithm to achieve basis pursuit stratal configuration inversion based on geological information mapping. The depth domain stratal configuration inversion method based on geological information mapping can obtain a data volume of directly representing vertical and horizontal change of a geological body by means of seismic data of the depth domain, overcomes high frequency information loss caused by resampling in the logging curve time-depth conversion process, effectively ensures high resolution of seismic inversion, and finally achieves an object of directly predicting reservoir lithology, physical properties and oil-gas possibility by means of depth domain data.

The invention relates to a high-accuracy depth domain stochastic simulation inversion method suitable for designing a track of a horizontal well, which comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting typical wells according to a certain proportion to carry out calibration of a synthetic record; establishing solid models for the typical wells and repeatedly carrying out calibration fine adjustment by stratigraphic correlation; generating a time domain sparse impulse wave impedance data volume and establishing a well control velocity field; carrying out time-to-depth conversion on the obtained time domain sparse impulse wave impedance data volume; and using depth domain sparse impulse wave impedance data as a restriction and ensuring all the wells to participate in the depth domain stochastic simulation inversion, so that an inversion result can be used for designing the track of the horizontal well. According to the invention, only the typical wells need to be subjected to calibration of the synthetic record; and by carrying out comparison and analysis on a logging curve and the high-accuracy solid models, carrying out fine adjustment and calibration, establishing the well control velocity field and directly utilizing absolute depth information of the wells to carry out depth domain stochastic simulation restrained inversion, a calibration error of a non-typical well is absolutely eliminated and the depth prediction accuracy of a target layer aiming at the track of the horizontal well is greatly improved.

The invention provides a well-constrained velocity spectrum pickup method for low-SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) seismic data, and belongs to the field of seismic data processing. The method comprises (1), well logging preprocessing: input interval transit time or acoustic velocity is corrected, and a corrected acoustic velocity is obtained; (2), acoustic logging data shallow layer compensation and downward extension processing are performed on the corrected acoustic velocity, and the acoustic velocity subjected to shallow layer compensation and downward extension is obtained; (3), time-depth conversion is performed on the acoustic velocity subjected to shallow layer compensation and downward continuation to obtain an interval velocity, and the interval velocity is subjected to root-mean-square velocity conversion to obtain a root-mean-square velocity; (4), projection of the root-mean-square velocity on the velocity spectrum is acquired. With adoption of the method, pickup randomness is reduced, and the velocity pickup accuracy is improved.

The invention relates to a simulated three-dimension interactive displaying method for the imaging of an anticorrosive agent of a photoetching machine. In the method of the invention, firstly, the distribution of space image intensity is calculated according to a mask pattern, and the simulation data for the imaging of the anticorrosive agent is obtained; then the imaging simulation data is rearranged, imaging simulation results are turned into the point cloud data of a three-dimension (3D) model through an illumination intensity and depth transformation model, and detailed processing and rendering calculations for the topography of surface anticorrosive agent of silicon wafers are carried out based on a continuous level method of a pattern processor, thus realizing 3D real time drawing and real time interactive roaming of the simulation results. The method of the invention realizes the real time observability and interactivity of the photoetching simulation data in a 3D space in the design of an integrated circuit chip.