457 results about "Bioelectrochemistry" patented technology

Systems and processes for producing hydrogen using bacteria are described. One detailed process for producing hydrogen uses a system for producing hydrogen as described herein, the system including a reactor. Anodophilic bacteria are disposed within the interior of the reactor and an organic material oxidizable by an oxidizing activity of the anodophilic bacteria is introduced and incubated under oxidizing reactions conditions such that electrons are produced and transferred to the anode. A power source is activated to increase a potential between the anode and the cathode, such that electrons and protons combine to produce hydrogen gas. One system for producing hydrogen includes a reaction chamber having a wall defining an interior of the reactor and an exterior of the reaction chamber. An anode is provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber and a cathode is also provided which is at least partially contained within the interior of the reaction chamber. The cathode is spaced apart at a distance in the range between 0.1-100 centimeters, inclusive, from the anode. A conductive conduit for electrons is provided which is in electrical communication with the anode and the cathode and a power source for enhancing an electrical potential between the anode and cathode is included which is in electrical communication at least with the cathode. A first channel defining a passage from the exterior of the reaction chamber to the interior of the reaction chamber is also included.

The invention provides a method for restoring carbon dioxide to produce methane and acetic acid by utilizing a biological electrochemical system and regulating and controlling microorganism metabolites by utilizing cathodic polarization potential. A bio-cathode is prepared in the biological electrochemical system, carbon dioxide (CO2) is fed into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber to circularly aerate, the cathodic polarization potential is set from -850mV to -1150mV (vs.Ag / AgCl), and microorganism on a cathode can directly obtain electrons from electrodes or from hydrogen produced by the electrodes to restore the carbon dioxide and produce the methane and the acetic acid. The methane and the acetic acid which are microbial synthesis products can be regulated and controlled by setting different cathodic polarization potentials. The electrodes do not need to use expensive catalyst, and are low in cost. The method for restoring the carbon dioxide to produce the methane and the acetic acid by utilizing the biological electrochemical system is rapid in production rate of the methane and the acetic by restoring the carbon dioxide, and has important application prospect for fixedly converting the carbon dioxide and synthetizing organic chemicals.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular relates to a nitrogen-containing sewage treatment process and device for synchronously producing electricity and recovering a nitrogen element. The device comprises a bioelectrochemical system and a membrane distillation system, wherein the bioelectrochemical system comprises six parts, namely a positive electrode chamber, a positive membrane, a recovery chamber, a negative membrane, a negative electrode chamber, an outer circuit. The process comprises the following steps: entering nitrogen-containing sewage into the positive electrode chamber, carrying out microorganism anaerobic decomposition on pollutants and transferring electrons to a positive electrode, and further transferring the electrons to a negative electrode through the outer circuit so as to achieve electricity production; entering the nitrogen-containing sewage into the negative chamber for aerobic treatment, thus converting ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen; respectively entering ammonium radical in the positive electrode chamber and nitrate radical in the negative electrode chamber into the recovery chamber through the positivemembrane and the negative membrane under the driving of potential difference; and treating water in the recovery chamber with the membrane distillation system, and refluxing percolate to the recoverychamber, wherein a concentrated liquid is a solution containing high-concentration ammonium nitrate and the like, thereby achieving the recovery of the nitrogen element. The process provided by the invention is simple and has high efficiency and good economic benefits; and the treatment device is simple in structure, and is convenient for practical application.

The invention discloses a bioelectrochemical film reactor device which comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, an ion selective permeating film, a conductive separating film and an outer resistor, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged on the anode chamber; graphite grains are filled in the anode chamber; electrogenic microorganisms are adhered to and grow on the surface of the graphite grains; the anode chamber is provided with graphite rod electrodes; the cathode chamber is sleeved outside the anode chamber; an aerating device is arranged at the bottom of thecathode chamber and is used for supplying oxygen to aerobic microorganisms; the ion selective permeating film is sleeved outside the anode chamber; the conductive separating film is sleeved outside the anode chamber; a clearance is kept between the conductive separating film and the anode chamber; and the outer resistor is serially connected to the graphite rod electrodes and the conductive separating film. In the bioelectrochemical film reactor device, a conductive film separating material is endowed with a double function of film filtration and cathode, and organic matters in wastewater arepartly degraded by anode microorganisms and are converted into electric energy and then are degraded again after entering into the cathode chamber, thereby realizing the wastewater treatment while recycling the electric energy from the process. The bioelectrochemical film reactor device has the advantages of an MBR (Membrane Bioreactor) and an MFC (Microbial fuel cell) and overcomes the defects of the MFC of low biomass and low quality of discharged water.

The invention relates to a bioelectrochemical sensor for detecting tumor markers and a preparation method thereof. It is a three-electrode system sensor, which is characterized in that the counter electrode in the three electrodes is a platinum electrode, the reference electrode is a saturated calomel electrode, and the working electrode is a gold electrode, and the gold electrode is decorated with two tumor markers The complementary DNA strand of the DNA aptamer, that is, the cDNA strand, is labeled with an electrochemical probe ferrocene molecule at the end of the cDNA strand. The novel bioelectrochemical sensor for detecting tumor markers of the present invention combines the characteristics of highly specific binding of DNA aptamers to target proteins and high sensitivity of electrochemical detection methods, making early diagnosis of cancer possible.

A bioelectricalchemical system includes an anode, an algal bioreactor, and a cathode. The anode is at least partially positioned within an anode chamber containing a first aqueous reaction mixture including one or more organic compounds and one or more bacteria for oxidizing the organic compounds. The algal bioreactor contains a second aqueous reaction mixture including one or more nutrients and one or more algae for substantially removing the nutrients from the second aqueous reaction mixture. The cathode is at least partially positioned within the algal bioreactor.

The invention belongs to the bioleaching field and relates to a bio-electrochemical system used for copper sulfide ore leaching. The system utilizes the electron transfer capability of microbes to improve the copper sulfide leaching efficiency, recover elemental sulfur and generate electricity. The system is composed of an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a cation exchange membrane and an external circuit. Fe<2+> in the anode chamber is oxidized to Fe<3+> under the action of ore leaching bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, copper sulfide reacts with the oxidation product Fe<3+> to obtain Cu<2+> and elemental sulfur, and Fe<3+> is reduced to Fe<2+> which is reused by the ore leaching bacteria. The transfer of electrons to a cathode from an anode promotes the oxidation of Fe<2+> to Fe<3+> and indirectly promotes the leaching of Cu<2+>. The bio-electrochemical system used in the invention has the advantages of simple technology, easy operation, and low operation cost, and has practical application values.

The invention discloses an enzyme bioelectrochemical sensing chip and preparation and using methods thereof, and belongs to the technical field of analysis and detection. The enzyme bioelectrochemical sensing chip comprises an insulating substrate made of a conductivity insulating material, a main electrode attached to the insulating substrate, an auxiliary electrode attached to the insulating substrate and corresponding to the main electrode, a conducting circuit used for electrically connecting the main electrode, the auxiliary electrode and an electronic device, provided with a contact and attached to the insulating substrate, a reagent layer fully or partially covering the surfaces of the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode, an interlayer provided with an opening, made of a conductivity insulating material and covering the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode, and a surface covering layer made of the same conductivity insulating material and covering the interlayer. The enzyme bioelectrochemical sensing chip has the advantages of reasonable design, and effective improvement of use reliability and measurement accuracy of a biochip and products thereof.