A distant hybridization method of Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus mykiss relates to a distant hybridization method of cold water fishes. The invention resolves the problems of Oncorhynchus masou of nonsynchronous male and female maturing, low rate of emergence, bad adversity resistance,
high mortality rate of ripe fishes after propagation, and the like, under the conditions of artificial cultivation. The steps of the inventive method are as follows: firstly, cultivations are respectively carried out, so that progenitive parents can be synchronously matured; secondly,
artificial fertilization is carried out; thirdly, breeding is carried out. The method of the invention has stronger
operability and good suitability, thereby avoiding the limitations of a
hormone-induced method. The first filial generation of coenospecies cultivated by the invention has fast growing, tender meat, strong adversity resistance and
high survival rate after cultivation, thereby having lower cultivation cost; compared with self cross of Oncorhynchus masou, the growth rate is increased by 10-15%, the
survival rate is increased by 30%, the fertilization rate is above 90%, the hatchability rate is above 80%, after propagation, the
mortality rate is below 8.7%, and the indexes of fleshcolor, tenderness, pH value, water
loss rate and
water holding capacity are all in accordance with the requirements of excellent-quality cold water fishes.