The invention provides an identification and analysis system for jewelry jade and rock minerals. The identification and analysis system comprises a detection system, a spectrum analysis system, a database and a result display system, wherein jewelry jade to be detected is detected by the detection system so as to obtain detection data, then the detection data flows to the spectrum analysis system, comparison is carried out by the spectrum analysis system to obtain a result, and then the result is transmitted to the result display system; the detection system is an infrared spectrometer; the spectrum analysis system comprises 400-1500 cm<-1> fingerprint region analysis, 150-4000 cm<-1> group frequency region analysis and near-infrared region 4000-7500 cm<-1> analysis. The system provided by the invention has the advantages that testing wave bands and testing methods (transmission method, reflection method and compression method) are expanded in the transverse direction, a data spectrogram base is established in the longitudinal direction, a set of system is formed from the detection and analysis of samples and presentation of result, the detection can be efficiently completed in a time-saving and labor-saving manner, and the accuracy of jewelry jade is improved; meanwhile, new information of jewelry jade can be added at any time.