The invention belongs to the field of bio-medical instruments, and in particular relates to a system and a method for quantitative detection of test strips on the basis of continuous fluorescent-substance markers. The system comprises a continuous fluorescent-substance marker test strip, a test strip frame, a lighting system, an imaging system, a fluorescent image receiver, a signal amplifier, an analog / digital converter, a data processing-controlling system, an output display device, a printer, a keyboard and an IC card matched with the test strip. The data processing-controlling system reads parameters of the IC card and then controls the test strip frame to move so as to ensure that the light emitted by the lighting system is reflected via a dichroic mirror and then automatically scans the test strip; acquired characteristic wavelength reflection fluorescence is transmitted to the data processing-controlling system for optical density identification and concentration calculation via the fluorescent image receiver, the signal amplifier and the analog / digital converter; and the output display device displays results. The invention can quickly and accurately realize the quantitative or qualitative detection of single-component and multi-component samples. The system has the characteristics of high detection sensitivity, objective results, flexible use and the like.