The invention discloses a device for detecting cracks on a poultry egg shell by using a volatile matter and a method thereof. The detection device mainly comprises a computer, an activated carbon filter, a first built-in pump, a gas tank, an air valve, a material container, a switch, a gas sensor array, a second built-in pump, a data acquisition unit and an A / D converter. The data acquisition unit acquires response signals of the gas sensor array; then the signals are transmitted to the computer after being conditioned and converted through the A / D converter so as to extract a representative characteristic value in a curve of each sensor; and by taking the extracted characteristic value as a parameter and the freshness index of poultry eggs as a goal, a quadratic regression model is established to analyze the correlativity between the freshness index of the poultry eggs and a response characteristic value of each sensor. The method excludes the interference caused by subjective factors of manual operation and overcomes the shortcoming of destructive detections, thereby achieving non-destructive detection on fine cracks on the poultry eggs nondestructively and accurately.