The invention relates to a device and method for detecting the inside of a small-
diameter high-pressure water filling pipeline. The device comprises an aircraft, a cable and a controller; a bow part of the aircraft is of a hemispherical expansion structure, a middle part of the aircraft is of a pressure-resistant cabin, and a
tail part of the aircraft is of an ellipsoidal structure; a vertical
propeller, horizontal propellers, cameras, lighting lamps, a main control panel and a cable connector are arranged in the aircraft; a
signal output end of each camera is correspondingly connected with asignal input end of the main control panel; a
signal output end of the main control panel is respectively connected with
control signal input ends of the vertical
propeller, the horizontal propellers,the cameras and the lighting lamps; the
signal input end and the signal output end of the main control panel are connected with the cable connector; and the two ends of the cable are respectively connected with the cable connector and the controller. The method comprises the steps of initializing, acquiring real-time images, carrying out fault diagnosis and
image capture,
processing the images, carrying out
feature extraction, deciding fault categories, storing and displaying results. The device and method for detecting the inside of the small-
diameter high-pressure water filling pipeline have the advantages of compact structure, flexible motion, easy control and high identification.