The invention discloses an enabling blockchain agricultural product quality credible traceability system based on a nondestructive detection technology. The system comprises five nodes including a production terminal, a logistics terminal, a sales terminal, a consumption terminal and a government supervision department. The government supervision department tracks the production terminal, the logistics terminal, the sales terminal and the consumption terminal; the production terminal, the logistics terminal, the sales terminal, the consumption terminal and the government supervision departmenttrack and trace the respective corresponding distributed databases, and database synchronization is performed among the distributed databases. According to the invention, key point control and faultmode, influence and hazard analysis methods are applied to check and analyze the front and back quality conditions of each node; the system utilizes non-destructive detection, Internet of Things, AI and other technologies for agricultural product finished products with quality problems, performs disguise and truth keeping at a production source, ensures that source information is real and credible, can quickly trace back to the source at a consumer terminal, and an agricultural product quality credible traceability system with a pre-event quality guarantee function and a post-event traceability function is achieved.