The invention discloses an elevator counterweight frame clamping and releasing device. The elevator counterweight frame clamping and releasing device comprises a storage battery, a hydraulic power unit, a clamping and releasing mechanism and a remote operation unit. The hydraulic power unit comprises a direct-current motor, a gear pump, a filter, an overflow valve, a one-way valve, an unloading valve, a pressure relay, an energy accumulator, a magnetic exchange valve, a two-way hydraulic lock, a movement oil cylinder and an oil tank; the clamping and releasing mechanism comprises clamping arms, middle rods, a machine frame, machine frame and clamping arm connecting hinge pins, clamping arm and middle rod connecting hinge pins, middle rod and movement oil cylinder connecting hinge pins and movement oil cylinder piston rod guide sliding blocks; the remote operation unit comprises a remote control transmitter and a remote control receiver. The elevator counterweight frame clamping and releasing device can accomplish self-locking clamping and rapid release of an elevator counterweight frame in an elevator testing tower and meet diversified requirements for the release height of the counterweight frame, and has the advantages that remote operation and rapid release are achieved, the structure is compact, the functions are complete, and safety is high.