37results about How to "Enhanced charge transfer" patented technology

A distance image sensor for removing the background light and improving the charge transfer efficiency in a device for measuring the distance to an object by measuring the time-of-flight of the light.In a distance image sensor for determining the signals of two charge storage nodes which depend on the delay time of the modulated light, a signal by the background light is received from the third charge storage node or the two charge storage nodes in a period when the modulated light does not exist, and is subtracted from the signal which depends on the delay time of the two charge storage nodes, so as to remove the influence of the background. Also by using a buried diode as a photo-detector, and using an MOS gate as gate means, the charge transfer efficiency improves. The charge transfer efficiency is also improved by using a negative feedback amplifier where a capacitor is disposed between the input and output.

An enzyme electrode that enables to enhance the rate of charge transfer from a redox center of an enzyme and catalytic current is provided. An enzyme electrode capable of increasing catalytic current by increasing the rate of charge transfer from an enzyme using an enzyme / metal fine particle complex in which part of a metal fine particle is incorporated into the enzyme can be provided.

A gated electrode structure for altering a potential and electric field in an electrolyte near at least one working electrode is disclosed. The gated electrode structure may comprise a gate electrode biased appropriately with respect to a working electrode. Applying an appropriate static or dynamic (time varying) gate potential relative to the working electrode modifies the electric potential and field in an interfacial region between the working electrode and the electrolyte, and increases electron emission to and from states in the electrolyte, thereby facilitating an electrochemical, electrolytic or electrosynthetic reaction and reducing electrode overvoltage / overpotential.

The electrical conductivity of DNA and other oligonucleotide constructs is dependent on its conformational state. Such a dependence may be harnessed for the electronic sensing of external analytes, for instance, adenosine or thrombin. Such a DNA sensor incorporates an analyte receptor, whose altered conformation in the presence of bound analyte switches the conformation, and hence, the conductive path between two oligonucleotide stems, such as double-helical DNA. Two distinct designs for such sensors are described that permit significant electrical conduction through a first or “detector” double-helical stem only in the presence of the bound analyte. In the first design, current flows through the analyte receptor itself whereas, in the second, current flows in a path adjacent to the receptor. The former design may be especially suitable for certain categories of analytes, including heterocycle-containing compounds such as adenosine, whereas the latter design should be generally applicable to the detection of any molecular analyte, large or small, such as the protein thrombin. Since analyte detection in these DNA sensors is electronic, the sensors may be used in rapid and automated chip-based detection of small molecules as well as of proteins and other macromolecules.

In at least one embodiment of the present invention, deterioration of display quality is prevented from occurring in a display device provided with an active matrix substrate even when a larger size or a higher resolution is employed and a drive frequency is increased. In an active matrix substrate of a liquid crystal display device, a charge sharing control signal line is disposed so as to be arranged along each gate line and charge sharing TFTs are provided for each source line in numbers equal to the number of the gate lines. The gate terminal of the charge sharing TFT is connected to the charge sharing control signal line and the source and drain terminals are connected with neighboring source lines via connection electrode portions, respectively. Each of the charge sharing control signal lines is provided with a signal which turns on the charge sharing TFT for a predetermined period of every one horizontal period.

The electrical conductivity of DNA and other oligonucleotide constructs is dependent on its conformational state. Such a dependence may be harnessed for the electronic sensing of external analytes, for instance, adenosine. Such a DNA sensor incorporates an analyte receptor, whose altered conformation in the presence of bound analyte switches the conformation, and hence, the conductive path between two oligonucleotide stems, such as double-helical DNA. Two distinct designs for such sensors are described that permit significant electrical conduction through a first or “detector” double-helical stem only in the presence of the bound analyte. In the first design, current flows through the analyte receptor itself whereas, in the second, current flows in a path adjacent to the receptor. The former design may be especially suitable for certain categories of analytes, including heterocycle-containing compounds such as adenosine, whereas the latter design should be generally applicable to the detection of any molecular analyte, large or small. Since analyte detection in these DNA sensors is electronic, the potential exists for their application in rapid and automated chip-based detection of small molecules as well as of proteins and other macromolecules.

A solid-state imaging element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a photoelectric conversion layer; an insulation layer provided on one surface of the photoelectric conversion layer and having a first opening; and a pair of electrodes opposed to each other with the photoelectric conversion layer and the insulation layer interposed therebetween. Of the pair of electrodes, one electrode provided on a side on which the insulation layer is located includes a first electrode and a second electrode each of which is independent, and the first electrode is embedded in the first opening provided in the insulation layer to be electrically coupled to the photoelectric conversion layer.

A positive electrode active material which predominantly includes lithium transition metal composite oxide particles containing Ni and Al, and which has a low charge transfer resistance and thus allows the battery capacity to be increased. The composite oxide particles contain 5 mol % or more Al relative to the total molar amount of metal elements except Li, include a particle core portion and an Al rich region on or near the surface of the composite oxide particle wherein the Al concentration in the particle core portion is not less than 3 mol % and the Al concentration in the Al rich region is 1.3 times or more greater than the Al concentration in the particle core portion. The composite oxide particles contain 0.04 mol % or more sulfate ions relative to the total molar amount of the particles.