The invention relates to a hydrogen energy storage and hydrogen supply chain equipment configuration method based on a comprehensive energy system, and the method comprises the steps: building an electrothermal hydrogen comprehensive energy system model with hydrogen energy storage and hydrogen supply chain equipment, wherein the electrothermal hydrogen comprehensive energy system model comprises a power grid, a wind turbine generator, a direct-current bus, an electrolytic cell, hydrogen storage equipment, a hydrogen fuel cell, a hydrogen source boiler, an electric load and a thermal load, the direct-current bus is connected with the power grid, the wind turbine generator, the electric load, the electrolytic cell and the hydrogen fuel cell, and the hydrogen storage equipment is connected with the electrolytic cell, the hydrogen fuel cell and the hydrogen source boiler, the thermal load is connected with the hydrogen fuel cell and the hydrogen source boiler; an objective function and a constraint condition of the electrothermal hydrogen comprehensive energy system model can be constructed, and power supplying and heat supplying under the objective function and the constraint condition are conducted; and a preset number of users in the target area are selected to perform example verification on the electrothermal hydrogen comprehensive energy system model, and an optimal configuration result is solved. Therefore, combined heat and power generation of an electrothermal hydrogen coupling system can be realized.