This disclosure provides methods for the creation of a quantitative database of metabolites, particularly lipid metabolites, using chromatographic technology; methods for assembling that information into a visual format for interpretation, and methods of this information to identify and understand metabolome-wide effects, for instance those effects influenced by pharmaceuticals, genes, toxins, diet or the environment. Also provided are metabolite databases, such as lipid metabolite databases, that are stored on a computer readable medium, which include quantitative measurements of a plurality of metabolites.
A power supply system between a power supply and an electrical load uses a plurality of battery modules which may be different in configuration from one another. The system assesses one or more state variables for each battery module to indicate a health status of the battery module. The variable indicative of the health status typically includes: i) a residual ability of the battery module to accept electric charge, ii) a residual capacity of the battery module to hold electric charge, iii) an internal resistance of the battery module, iv) a conductance of the battery module, v) a capacitance of the battery module, vi) a rate of charge of the battery module, vii) a rate of discharge of the battery module under load, or viii) a rate of self-discharge of the battery module. The system then generates unique charging and discharging criteria for each battery module which is specifically derived from the health status of the battery module.
A process controlsystemsimulation technique performs real-time simulation of an actual process control network as that network is running within a process plant in a manner that is synchronized with the operation of the actual process control network. This real-time, synchronized simulationsystem includes a simulation process control network and a process model which are automatically updated periodically during the operation of the actual process control network to reflect changes made to the process control network, as well as to account for changes in the plant itself, i.e., changes which require an updated process model. The disclosed simulation system provides for more readily accessible and usable simulation activities, as the process control network and the process models used within the simulation system are synchronized with and up-to-date with respect to the current process operating conditions. Moreover, this simulation system is more accurate as it uses process models developed from the current state of the process whenever the simulation system beings to perform a simulation. Still further, the disclosed simulation system is easy to operate, as it uses the same user interface applications as the actual process control network and can be initialized and used at any time during operation the process plant without any significant configuration or set-up activities.