A power supply
system between a power supply and an
electrical load uses a plurality of battery modules which may be different in configuration from one another. The
system assesses one or more state variables for each battery module to indicate a health status of the battery module. The variable indicative of the health status typically includes: i) a residual ability of the battery module to accept
electric charge, ii) a residual capacity of the battery module to hold
electric charge, iii) an
internal resistance of the battery module, iv) a conductance of the battery module, v) a
capacitance of the battery module, vi) a rate of charge of the battery module, vii) a rate of
discharge of the battery module under load, or viii) a rate of self-
discharge of the battery module. The
system then generates unique charging and discharging criteria for each battery module which is specifically derived from the health status of the battery module.