304results about "Azeotropic distillation" patented technology

Systems and methods for separating an alcohol, and in particular butanol, from a fermented feed and concentrating thin stillage into syrup includes operation of one or more alcohol recovery distillation columns using the heat supplied by steam generated from concentration of the thin stillage in a multi-train, multi-effect evaporation system.

Low water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oils and processes for preparing them are provided. Water-containing biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is distilled in the presence of an azeotrope-forming liquid to form an azeotrope. The azeotrope is removed at or above the boiling point of the azeotrope and low water biomass-derived pyrolysis oil is obtained.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for producing aliphatic carboxylic acid, which can stabilize operation of a distillation column upon production of aliphatic carboxylic acid by reducing a water content in an aqueous aliphatic carboxylic acid solution by a distillation column, and can shorten a time during the non-steady state such as at starting up of distillation column operation. The present invention is directed to a process for producing aliphatic carboxylic acid, which comprises an azeotropic distillation step of supplying an aqueous aliphatic carboxylic acid solution and an azeotropic solvent to an azeotropic distillation column to perform distillation, separating an azeotrope containing the azeotropic solvent and water as a distillate, and recovering aliphatic carboxylic acid with a reduced water content as bottom liquid, characterized in that a target value of an amount of the azeotropic solvent to be supplied is set depending on an amount of water in the aqueous aliphatic carboxylic acid solution supplied to the azeotropic distillation column, and the amount of the azeotropic solvent to be supplied is controlled at the target value.

The invention is a process for the purification of ethanol. In one embodiment the process comprises boiling a degassed beer feed (106) in a pre-boiler (110) to provide a vapor by-pass fraction (112) that by-passes the conventional beer column and is fed into the rectifier column (124). The process allows free capacity in the rectifier column of new or established plants to be filled by ethanol-water vapor and / or condensate streams that do not originate from the beer column.

Provided are azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf) and 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb). Such azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions are useful as intermediates in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

Provided are ternary azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf), 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC-244bb), and hydrogen fluoride (HF). Such azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions are useful as intermediates in the production of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).

The invention relates to a novel azeotropic distillation process method and a device thereof, in particular to a process method which use a septal azeotropic distillation column to produce acrylic acid, and a device thereof. The septal azeotropic distillation column is achieved by arranging a septal wall in the azeotropic distillation column in the vertical direction from the upper part to the bottom of the column, and the right side of the septal wall is sealed, and the azeotropic distillation column is divided into four areas. The acrylic acid solution containing the impurity of acetic acid enters into the column from the bottom of the rectification part (I); wherein, light components (water and acetic acid) and entrainer form azeotrope to be steamed out of the top of the column, and then the steam on the top of the column is condensed and treated by the phase separation; wherein, the organic phase (entrainer) reflows; the water phase (containing water and acetic acid) is exhaused out of the system; the material flow on the side rectification part (III) reflows to the feeding pipeline to be recycled; the acrylic acid product with the mass fraction of more than 99 percent can be obtained at the bottom of the public stripping part. With the invention, the dehydration of acrylic acid, the remove of acetic acid and the recycle of entrainer can be finished in the same column, thus the cost of the equipment and energy consumption are reduced.

Processes for the preparation and purification of hydrofluoroolefins such as tetrafluorinated propenes. A process is provided for separating a first hydrofluoroolefin from a second hydrofluoroolefin by a) providing a mixture comprising a first hydrofluoroolefin and a second hydrofluoroolefin, which first hydrofluoroolefin is preferentially more reactive with an amine than the second hydrofluoroolefin; b) adding a sufficient amount of an amine to the mixture to form a combination comprising the second hydrofluoroolefin and a reaction product of the first hydrofluoroolefin and the amine; and then c) separating the reaction product from the combination. This is particularly useful for removing 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye) impurities from the hydrofluoroolefin 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf). HFO-1234yf is a refrigerant with low global warming potential.

Disclosed herein are methods for the recovery of an organic acid, such as a heat stable lactic acid, from a feed stream which contains at least one of an organic acid amide, an organic acid ammonium salt, or an alkylamine-organic acid complex. The feed stream is mixed with at least one azeotroping agent. The azeotroping agent is a hydrocarbon capable of forming at least one azeotrope with the organic acid that is produced by the thermal decomposition of the amide, ammonium salt, or complex in the feed stream. Preferably the azeotrope is a heteroazeotrope. The mixture of the feed stream and the azeotroping agent is heated to produce a vapor stream. The azeotrope is a component of the vapor stream. The vapor stream can be condensed to a liquid stream, and the organic acid is recovered in the liquid stream that is produced. When the azeotrope is a heteroazeotrope, the vapor stream can be condensed into a liquid stream, which can be separated into a first phase and a second phase. The first phase contains the highest concentration of organic acid and the second phase contains azeotroping agent. The organic acid can be further purified and / or concentrated from the separated first phase or from the liquid stream.

Provided are azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixtures of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (1234yf) and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1243zf), as well as methods for producing and using the same.

A process for reducing the level(s) of water and / or other impurities from cyclosiloxanes by either azeotropic distillation, or by contacting the cyclosiloxane compositions with an adsorbent bed material. The purified cyclosiloxane material is useful for forming low-dielectric constant thin films having dielectric constants of less than 3.0, more preferably 2.8 to 2.0.

Disclosed is a distillation system and method for recovering acetic acid from a feed stream containing acetic acid and water stream generated during terephthalic acid production. The invention includes a liquid-liquid extraction column and a dehydration distillation column utilizing azeotropic distillation or conventional to recover the acetic acid. The liquid-liquid extraction column is installed upstream from the dehydration distillation column. The liquid-liquid extraction column produces an extract of an extraction solvent and acetic acid which is sent to the dehydration distillation column to separate the extraction solvent and acetic acid. The dehydration distillation column may be used with or without a condenser system to recover the energy. The condenser system is a steam generator that condenses the vapor into a concentrated acetic acid stream while generating a low pressure steam. Any remaining acetic acid in water is sent to a waste water recycling facility.

A method for removing contaminants such as pesticides and fungicides from cannabinoid extracts. Cannabinoid extracts containing contaminants may be dissolved in a water and ethanol solution, and then cooled to allow water-soluble contaminants to settle out of the mixture. The water and ethanol may then be removed via evaporation or distillation, leaving purified cannabinoids without contaminants. Contaminant removal may be incorporated into a method for producing a blended extract of cannabinoids and terpenes, which extracts terpenes using supercritical CO2, and extracts a cannabinoid concentrate from the residual material using a cold ethanol flush followed by distillation and then by contaminant removal; the CO2-extracted terpenes are then added back to the purified cannabinoid concentrate in a final blending step. Blending terpenes at the end of extraction may enhance the flavor and effectiveness of the purified cannabinoid concentrate.

The invention discloses an azeotropic rectification device and method for separating propylene glycol monomethyl ether and water. The azeotropic rectification device and method are characterized in that cyclohexane is adopted as an entrainer; waste liquor containing propylene glycol monomethyl ether, water and cyclohexane is added to a rectification kettle once; a rectification column is directly connected with the rectification kettle; a kettle-type reboiler is arranged on the rectification kettle; the waste liquor is heated into steam through the kettle-type reboiler and then enters the rectification column; the material at the top of the column is condensed and then transferred into the a reflux ratio controller; if the material at the top of the column is an azeotrope of cyclohexane and water, the material is fed into a phase splitting tank for phase splitting, a water phase is extracted, and cyclohexane reflows; if the material at the top of the column is cyclohexane, recovered cyclohexane is obtained; if the material at the top of the column is a transition fraction of cyclohexane and propylene glycol monomethyl ether, the material is extracted into a transition fraction storage tank; if the material at the top of the column is propylene glycol monomethyl ether, a propylene glycol monomethyl ether product can be obtained; once materials in the kettle of the column are basically the heavy components of the waste liquor, the extracting at the top of the column is stopped, and the residual materials in the kettle are discharged from the bottom part of the rectification kettle. The device and method for separating propylene glycol monomethyl ether and water are efficient and environment-friendly.

A process for producing a (meth)acrylic acid compound, which comprises distilling acrylic acid, methacrylic acid (these will hereinafter generally be referred to as “(meth)acrylic acid”) or an ester thereof (these will hereinafter generally be referred to as “a (meth)acrylic acid compound”) in a distillation column to obtain a purified (meth)acrylic acid compound, characterized in that in the course of operation of the distillation column including suspension and resumption of the operation, the distillation column is washed with water and, thereafter, inside washing with an organic solvent and / or azeotropic distillation in the presence of the organic solvent is conducted. In some cases, washing with alkaline water may be added prior to the washing with water. Washing of the distillation column for separating and purifying a crude (meth)acrylic acid compound, can be carried out easily. In particular, in a process for producing a (meth)acrylic acid compound, a substance used in a step before or after the distillation column can be utilized to recover a valuable substance, and the distillation column can be efficiently cleaned.

The invention relates to a process for separating monochloro-trifluoropropenes such as HCFC-1233 from azeotrope or azeotrope like combinations with HF. The process employs a cold, liquid phase separations and multiple azeotropic distillation trains.

Disclosed herein are methods for the recovery of at least one of an organic acid or an organic acid amide, such as a heat stable lactic acid or lactamide, from a feed stream which contains the organic acid and / or organic acid amide. The feed stream is mixed with at least one azeotroping agent. The azeotroping agent is a hydrocarbon capable of forming at least one heteroazeotrope with the organic acid or the organic acid amide in the feed stream. The mixture of the feed stream and the azeotroping agent is heated to produce a vapor stream. The heteroazeotrope is a component of that vapor stream. The vapor stream can be heated further to separate components or it can be condensed into a liquid stream. The liquid stream is capable of being separated into a first phase and a second phase. The first phase contains the highest concentration of the organic acid and / or the organic acid amide and the azeotroping agent is part of the second phase. The liquid stream can be further distilled or, alternatively, the two phases of the liquid stream can be separated. The first phase can be removed from the remainder of the liquid stream resulting in recovery of the organic acid and / or organic acid amide. The recovered organic acid and / or organic acid amide can be further purified and / or concentrated from the first phase.

Mesitylene is difficult to separate from 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene because of the proximity of their boiling points. They are readily separated by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are isopropyl acetate, 2-pentanol and acetonitrile.

The invention disclosed is an apparatus and method for the recovery of acetic acid, azeotropic agent, extraction agent, re -usable water and other reaction products such as p-toluic acid, from an aqueous stream generated during a terephthalic acid production process, having superior energy efficiency and reduced water consumption.; The apparatus of the invention includes: an azeotropic distillation column to remove water from acetic acid, a pair of mother liquor extraction columns sequentially connected in series for primary recovery of extraction solvent and other organics, an azeotropic agent stripper for recovery of azeotropic agent and a post-separation solvent stripper distillation column for further separation of the aqueous bottoms stream from said extraction columns into a volatiles stream comprising mainly organics with a very low amount of water and a liquid stream comprising water containing very low amounts of organics, each stream being sufficiently pure that it can be recycled for reuse in the purification of crude terephthalic acid.

Cyclic esters of hydroxy organic acids can be produced and recovered via azeotropic distillation. In certain embodiments cyclic esters, such as glycolide and lactide, can be produced from a fermentation broth or other feed stream that contains a hydroxy organic acid, an ammonium salt of a hydroxy organic acid, an amide of a hydroxy organic acid, or an ester of a hydroxy organic acid using azeotropic distillation. The hydroxy organic acid of the feed stream or the hydroxy organic acid derived from the feed stream by decomposition is reacted to produce the cyclic ester. In other embodiments a crude composition of a cyclic ester of an organic ester can be purified using azeotropic distillation.