The invention relates to an ecological vertical greening device which comprises a greening support, a fish tank, an automatic irrigation system and an automatic water lever monitoring system. The greening support is vertically arranged, the fish tank is arranged at the bottom of the greening support, the automatic irrigation system covers the whole greening support in a networking manner, and the automatic water lever monitoring system is located inside the fish tank. Vertical greening planting bags are hung on fixing strips, plants can be optionally updated and adjusted in position according to requirements on seasons and environments so as to be transformed and combined into various patterns; the fish tank is used for moisturizing irrigation and residual water storage, a green landscape and an underwater biological landscape are created, and fertilization of the plants and single water storing device are omitted; two-sided greening is realized, and the ecological vertical greening device serving as a green screen is attractive and practical; universal wheels are arranged under the greening support, so that mobility of the greening device is enhanced, and the greening device can be optionally adjusted in angle and position; therefore, indoor environment is effectively improved, indoor comfortableness is enhanced, and transformational sense of beauty is presented to visitors.