The invention discloses a step counting and motion behavior recognition method based on an acceleration sensor, which is characterized in that the sensor used in the method is placed in the following manner: the forward direction of the foot is the positive direction of the X axis, and the leftward direction is the Y axis The positive direction of the axis, the direction of lifting the foot is the negative direction of the Z axis. At the same time, due to the relatively large displacement in the X-axis direction when the human body is moving, the acceleration changes are also obvious and have obvious periodicity; therefore, as long as a reasonable threshold is set It can identify the number of moving steps and identify the movement behavior; the invention makes the waveform smoother and reduces errors by means of smoothing filter and Kalman filter, so that the system can record steps accurately in real time; at the same time, it can also accurately distinguish people's various Second, it can calculate the number of steps of various sports in real time; Third, the calculation performance of the system is not very high, and a mobile phone or a general-purpose single-chip microcomputer (MCU) with ordinary configuration can complete the calculation.