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32 results about "Inhibitory neuron" patented technology

An inhibitory transmitter prevents it. Neuromodulators regulate groups of neurons. Excitatory neurotransmitters have excitatory effects on the neuron. This means they increase the likelihood that the neuron will fire an action potential. Inhibitory neurotransmitters have inhibitory effects on the neuron.

Spiking neuron network sensory processing apparatus and methods

Apparatus and methods for detecting salient features. In one implementation, an image processing apparatus utilizes latency coding and a spiking neuron network to encode image brightness into spike latency. The spike latency is compared to a saliency window in order to detect early responding neurons. Salient features of the image are associated with the early responding neurons. A dedicated inhibitory neuron receives salient feature indication and provides inhibitory signal to the remaining neurons within the network. The inhibition signal reduces probability of responses by the remaining neurons thereby facilitating salient feature detection within the image by the network. Salient feature detection can be used for example for image compression, background removal and content distribution.
Owner:BRAIN CORP

Contrast enhancement spiking neuron network sensory processing apparatus and methods

Apparatus and methods for contrast enhancement and feature identification. In one implementation, an image processing apparatus utilizes latency coding and a spiking neuron network to encode image brightness into spike latency. The spike latency is compared to a saliency window in order to detect early responding neurons. Salient features of the image are associated with the early responding neurons. A inhibitory neuron receives salient feature indication and provides inhibitory signal to the other neurons within an area of influence of the inhibitory neuron. The inhibition signal reduces probability of responses by the other neurons to stimulus that is proximate to the feature thereby increasing contrast within the encoded data. The contrast enhancement may facilitate feature identification within the image. Feature detection may be used for example for image compression, background removal and content distribution.
Owner:BRAIN CORP

Light-activated chimeric opsins and methods of using the same

Provided herein are compositions comprising light-activated chimeric proteins expressed on plasma membranes and methods of using the same to selectively depolarize excitatory or inhibitory neurons.
Owner:THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIV

Temporal winner takes all spiking neuron network sensory processing apparatus and methods

Apparatus and methods for contrast enhancement and feature identification. In one implementation, an image processing apparatus utilizes latency coding and a spiking neuron network to encode image brightness into spike latency. The spike latency is compared to a saliency window in order to detect early responding neurons. Salient features of the image are associated with the early responding neurons. An inhibitory neuron receives salient feature indication and provides inhibitory signal to the other neurons within an area of influence of the inhibitory neuron. The inhibition signal reduces probability of responses by the other neurons to stimulus that is proximate to the feature thereby increasing contrast within the encoded data. The contrast enhancement may facilitate feature identification within the image. Feature detection may be used for example for image compression, background removal and content distribution.
Owner:BRAIN CORP

Spiking neuron network sensory processing apparatus and methods

Apparatus and methods for detecting salient features. In one implementation, an image processing apparatus utilizes latency coding and a spiking neuron network to encode image brightness into spike latency. The spike latency is compared to a saliency window in order to detect early responding neurons. Salient features of the image are associated with the early responding neurons. A dedicated inhibitory neuron receives salient feature indication and provides inhibitory signal to the remaining neurons within the network. The inhibition signal reduces probability of responses by the remaining neurons thereby facilitating salient feature detection within the image by the network. Salient feature detection can be used for example for image compression, background removal and content distribution.
Owner:BRAIN CORP

Temporal winner takes all spiking neuron network sensory processing apparatus and methods

Apparatus and methods for contrast enhancement and feature identification. In one implementation, an image processing apparatus utilizes latency coding and a spiking neuron network to encode image brightness into spike latency. The spike latency is compared to a saliency window in order to detect early responding neurons. Salient features of the image are associated with the early responding neurons. An inhibitory neuron receives salient feature indication and provides inhibitory signal to the other neurons within an area of influence of the inhibitory neuron. The inhibition signal reduces probability of responses by the other neurons to stimulus that is proximate to the feature thereby increasing contrast within the encoded data. The contrast enhancement may facilitate feature identification within the image. Feature detection may be used for example for image compression, background removal and content distribution.
Owner:BRAIN CORP

Contrast enhancement spiking neuron network sensory processing apparatus and methods

Apparatus and methods for contrast enhancement and feature identification. In one implementation, an image processing apparatus utilizes latency coding and a spiking neuron network to encode image brightness into spike latency. The spike latency is compared to a saliency window in order to detect early responding neurons. Salient features of the image are associated with the early responding neurons. A inhibitory neuron receives salient feature indication and provides inhibitory signal to the other neurons within an area of influence of the inhibitory neuron. The inhibition signal reduces probability of responses by the other neurons to stimulus that is proximate to the feature thereby increasing contrast within the encoded data. The contrast enhancement may facilitate feature identification within the image. Feature detection may be used for example for image compression, background removal and content distribution.
Owner:BRAIN CORP

Cognitive Neural Architecture and Associated Neural Network Implementations

InactiveUS20170286828A1Eliminate spikesFaster and computationally far more efficientNeural architecturesNeural learning methodsNerve networkSynaptic weight
A spiking neural network in which communication and computation is performed on data represented as points in actual time. Such neural networks provide new ways of performing computation in human-engineered computing systems that employ the same basic paradigm as the mammalian neocortex. Information is encoded based on the relative timing of individual voltage spikes produced, consumed, and computed upon by groups of neurons. Component and interconnection delays are an integral part of the computation process. Multi-connection paths between pairs of neurons are modeled as a single compound path. Multi-layer networks are trained from the input layer proceeding one layer at a time to the output layer. Training involves a computation that is local to each synapse, and synaptic weights are determined by an averaging method. The action of inhibitory neurons is modeled as a bulk process, rather than with individual neurons.
Owner:SMITH JAMES EDWARD

Light-Activated Chimeric Opsins and Methods of Using the Same

Provided herein are compositions comprising light-activated chimeric proteins expressed on plasma membranes and methods of using the same to selectively depolarize excitatory or inhibitory neurons.
Owner:THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIV

Neuron oscillator and chaotic neutral network based on the same

The invention discloses a neuron oscillator, namely a Lee-oscillator. The Lee-oscillator comprises excitation neurons and inhibitory neurons. The excitation neurons are used for receiving inhibitory signals from the inhibitory neurons. The inhibitory neurons are used for receiving excitation signals from the excitation neurons. Excitation self-feedback respectively exists in the excitation neurons and the inhibitory neurons. The Lee-oscillator further comprises input neurons and output neurons. The output neurons are used for receiving excitation signals from the input neurons, the excitation signals from the excitation neurons and the inhibitory signals from the inhibitory neurons. The input neurons and the excitation neurons are respectively used for receiving stimulation of external input. The Lee-oscillator has continuity of neural dynamics and provides actual gradual changing from chaotic dynamics to non-chaotic dynamics. Additionally provided is an instant chaotic self-associative network based on the Lee-oscillator.
Owner:李树德

Generation of functional cells from stem cells

The present disclosure provides a method of directly converting a stem cell into a lineage specific cell, comprising the steps of a) transfecting a stem cell with at least one expression vector comprising i) one or more cell lineage reprogramming factors operably linked to an inducible promoter and ii) a selection marker; and b) inducing the transfected stem cell from stem a) with an inducing agent to directly convert said stem cell into a lineage-specific cell. Particularly exemplified are methods of transfecting a stem cell with SA-ASCL1 (phospho-mutant), DLX2, LHX6 and miR-9 / 9*-124 linked to a doxycycline inducible promoter to convert the stem cell into an inhibitory neuron and transfecting with NeuroD2 linked to a doxycycline inducible promoter to convert a stem cell into an excitatory neuron. Methods of screening one or more factors and / or one or more genetic mutations that modulate a pre-selected activity of the lineage specific cell, kits and directly convertible stem cells obtained using method of the invention are also provided.
Owner:AGENCY FOR SCI TECH & RES

Artificial neural network construction method and system inspired by a brain inhibition feedback mechanism

The invention provides an artificial neural network construction method and system inspired by a brain inhibition feedback mechanism. The construction method comprises the following steps: distinguishing neurons in an artificial neural network of a plurality of reference samples into excitative neurons and inhibitory neurons; inhibiting the inhibitory neurons through the inhibitory feedback to obtain an inhibitory feedback neural network; and recombining the inhibitory feedback neural network into a closed-loop neural network, and determining a decision rule for feedback learning of the current sample. According to the method, the performance of the whole neural network can be optimized by introducing the concepts of excitability and inhibitory neurons in the neuroscience; and furthermore,the robustness can be improved by introducing a closed-loop system after inhibition feedback.
Owner:INST OF AUTOMATION CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Application of neuregulin 1 and acceptor thereof as target for preparing and screening anti-epileptic drugs

The invention relates to an application of neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and acceptor thereof as a target for preparing and screening anti-epileptic drugs. The application of NRG1 for inhibiting the development and progression of epilepsy by activating leukemia virus oncogene homolog 4 (ErbB4) of bird red blood cells in inhibitory neurons in the brain is proposed for the first time; and novel target is provided for effective prevention, control or treatment of the epilepsy.
Owner:SHANGHAI INST OF BIOLOGICAL SCI CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Rate stabilization through plasticity in spiking neuron network

Apparatus and methods for activity based plasticity in a spiking neuron network adapted to process sensory input. In one embodiment, the plasticity mechanism may be configured for example based on activity of one or more neurons providing feed-forward stimulus and activity of one or more neurons providing inhibitory feedback. When an inhibitory neuron generates an output, inhibitory connections may be potentiated. When an inhibitory neuron receives inhibitory input, the inhibitory connection may be depressed. When the inhibitory input arrives subsequent to the neuron response, the inhibitory connection may be depressed. When input features are unevenly distributed in occurrence, the plasticity mechanism is capable of reducing response rate of neurons that develop receptive fields to more prevalent features. Such functionality may provide network output such that rarely occurring features are not drowned out by more widespread stimulus.
Owner:BRAIN CORP

Induced differentiation method of functional cerebral cortical cells

The invention provides a culture medium for the induced differentiation of functional cerebral cortical cells. The culture medium is prepared from a nerve cell culture medium and a nutrient additive,wherein the nutrient additive is selected from one or more of SU5402, BIBF1120, IBMX and glucose. The invention provides an induced differentiation method of the functional cerebral cortical cells. Specific factors such as an inhibitor of FGF and VEGF signal channels and an activator of cAMP are added in a specific time of the induced differentiation of various nerve cells from the nerve stem cells or nerve precursor cells to accelerate the differentiation and maturation of the nerve cells, the stable and healthy nerve cells having a main function can be obtained in about 7 to 14 days of the induced differentiation from the human nerve precursor cells, and the nerve cells comprise excitable nerve cells and inhibitory nerve cells, so that the in-vivo cultured human nerve cells can be actually applied to the field of the drug screening and the like, the production cost can be reduced, and the production period can be shortened.
Owner:ZHEJIANG HUODE BIOENG CO LTD

Medicine for treating spinal cord injury, medicine kit and method

The invention discloses application of growth promoting factor (OPN and IGF1) overexpression in combination with embryo spinal nerve stem cell (NSCs) transplantation and a small molecule compound (CLP290) in preparation of a medicine for treating spinal cord injury. A medicine kit for treating spinal cord injury comprises AAV-OPN, AAV-IGF1, NSCs and CLP290. The invention also discloses applicationof OPN and IGF1 overexpression in combination with NSCs transplantation and the small molecule CLP290 in treatment of spinal cord injury. OPN and IGF1 overexpression, NSCs transplantation and small molecule CLP290 intervention are combined for treating spinal cord injury, the intrinsic regeneration capacity of neurons is enhanced, meanwhile, interrupted upstream and downstream neural loops are rebuilt, the excitability of inhibitory neurons is adjusted, and functional recovery after spinal cord injury is promoted.
Owner:NANTONG UNIVERSITY

Rodent models with autistic features

The present invention (1) performs an operation of decreasing the number of copies of a FoxG1 gene from two copies to one copy in both differentiated excitatory neurons and differentiated inhibitory neurons present in a brain, or (2) performs, seven or more days after birth, an operation of increasing expression levels of a FoxG1 gene in both differentiated excitatory neurons and differentiated inhibitory neurons present in a brain to 1.2 to 2.0 times that of a wild type animal.
Owner:TOKYO WOMENS MEDICAL UNIV

System and method of modeling visual perception V1 area

A system to detect a feature in an input image comprising a processor to evaluate a model including: four layers including: a supragranular layer, a granular layer, a first infragranular layer, and a second infragranular layer, each of the layers including a base connection structure including: an excitatory layer including a excitatory neurons arranged in a two dimensional grid; and an inhibitory layer including a inhibitory neurons arranged in a two dimensional grid; within-layer connections between the neurons of each layer in accordance with a Gaussian distribution; between-layer connections between the neurons of different layers, the probability of a neuron of a first layer of the different layers to a neuron of a second layer of the different layers in accordance with a uniform distribution; and input connections from lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons of an input LGN layer to the granular layer in accordance with a uniform distribution.
Owner:HRL LAB

Structure optimization method of reserve pool network based on excitability and inhibition STDP

The invention provides a structure optimization method of a reserve pool network based on excitability and inhibition STDP. The reserve pool network is a network formed by mutually connecting excitatory neurons E and inhibitory neurons I, the network has four connections: E-E, E-I, I-E and I-I, the connection weight of the E-E is adjusted through excitatory STDP, and the connection weight of the I-E is adjusted through inhibitory STDP. According to the invention, through an unsupervised learning rule of interaction between excitability STDP and inhibition STDP, excitability and inhibition balance is realized; a heterogeneous network structure which is consistent with the biological neural network in characteristics and has long-tail distribution characteristics is formed, the network information capacity is large, and the network performance is optimal.
Owner:TIANJIN MEDICAL UNIV

Lateral inhibitory neuron circuit based on ferroelectric transistor FEFET

The present invention proposes a side-inhibition neuron circuit based on a ferroelectric transistor FeFET, which includes a capacitor, a reset tube, a positive feedback tube, two-stage series inverters, and a ferroelectric transistor; wherein, the capacitor is used to simulate biological The cell membrane capacitance of the neuron accumulates the charge brought by the input post-synaptic current; the reset tube is an N-type MOSFET device that provides a reset path for the charge accumulated on the capacitor; the positive feedback tube is a P-type MOSFET device, When the input of the first-stage inverter is close to its logic threshold level, it replenishes the charge for the capacitor; the two-stage series inverter is composed of two sets of complementary CMOS, which amplifies the voltage change at the input terminal, and the pulse is generated at its output terminal. ; The ferroelectric transistor is an N-type FeFET device used to mimic the lateral inhibition function of biological neurons. The invention can significantly reduce the hardware overhead; meanwhile, it highly simulates the basic characteristics and advanced functions of biological neurons.
Owner:PEKING UNIV

Medicinal and edible food composition and application thereof

The invention belongs to the technical field of food health care, and particularly relates to a food composition which comprises 10-80% of ampelopsis grossedentata and 5-30% of phosphatidylserine. The invention further provides application of the food composition in preparation of food or medicine for treating dementia with sleep disorder. The medicinal and edible food composition provided by the invention contains rich D flavonoids and necessary phospholipids required by brain cells, and is applied to dementia with sleep disorder, especially dysphoria at night, by regulating the functions of brain inhibitory neurons, improving brain nutrition metabolism, supplementing prebiotics, improving the health condition of intestinal tracts and influencing the brain-intestinal axis. The raw materials of the composition provided by the invention are all from food, so that the composition is good in safety, free of dependence and tolerance and free of adverse reaction.
Owner:国科特膳江苏生物科技有限公司

Method for producing hiPSCs derived brain-like tissue

The invention relates to a method for producing hiPSCs derived brain-like tissue. The method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a microcolumn array chip; and (2) inducing the brain-like tissue on the chip. Brain-like organs produced by the method have relevant characteristics of in vivo brain development on gene level and protein level. The method is simple, a tedious matrigel packaging step is removed, matrigel consumption is reduced, and only additional Dorsomorphine and A83-01 need to be added at the stage of forming an embryoid body. The brain-like organs induced to 30 days have expression of cortex nerve cells (TBR1 and CTIP2), expression of mature nerve cells (TUJ1), expression of front brain (PAX6 and FOXG1) and expression of afterbrain protein (PAX2 and ISL-1), and haveexpression of excitatory neuron (vGLUT1) subtypes and inhibitory neurons (GABA) subtypes.
Owner:DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Application of regallily glycoside A to preparation of antidepressant drug

InactiveCN110237084AStrong antidepressant activityGood protective activityOrganic active ingredientsNervous disorderMedicineCorticosterone
The invention discloses application of a regallily glycoside A to preparation of an antidepressant drug. A cell model and an animal model are adopted for researching the antidepressant activity of the regallily glycoside A component. Test results show that the regallily glycoside A has good protecting activity on SH-SY5Y cells with damaged corticosterone, and the mechanism of the regallily glycoside A is possibly related to apoptosis of inhibitory neuron cells; the regallily glycoside A can obviously shorten the dead time of rat forced swimming and increase the frequency of open field autokinetic movement. It is shown that the regallily glycoside A has a strong antidepressant effect, which exploits a new field for application of monomer components of lilies and other medicinal materials, and the application prospects are broad.
Owner:HUNAN UNIV OF CHINESE MEDICINE

Application of inhibitory neural precursor cell to preparation of drug for treating Alzheimer's disease

The invention discloses application of an inhibitory neural precursor cell to the preparation of a drug for treating the Alzheimer's disease, and belongs to the technical field of medicines. Accordingto the application, an interneuron deleted in a brain suffered from the AD (Alzheimer's disease) can be more accurately compensated by adopting the transplantation of the inhibitory neural precursorcell from an MGE (Medial Ganglionic Eminence) source; and the balance between the excitability of the brain and an inhibitory neural network is maintained. Compared with an anti-excitability medicine,a stem cell subjected to one-time transplantation can effectively survive and is differentiated into a required inhibitory interneuron, takes effect for a long term, has no side effect of a chemicaldrug, and is high in safety. The inhibitory neuron deleted in the brain suffered from the AD is effectively and accurately compensated through the scheme of transplanting the inhibitory neural precursor cell from the MGE source; and the cognitive disorder of the AD is improved.
Owner:SUZHOU UNIV

Rescuing voltage-gated sodium channel function in inhibitory neurons

Selectively providing voltage-gated sodium channel function sufficient to rescue impaired Nav1.1 function to inhibitory neurons is described. Provided voltage-gated sodium channel function sufficient to rescue impaired Nav1.1 function in inhibitory neurons can be used to treat disorders such as epilepsy, and more particularly, Dravet Syndrome.
Owner:ALLEN INST +1

Application of dihydromyricetin as active ingredient in sleep disorder

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and particularly relates to application of dihydromyricetin as an active ingredient in sleep disorder. According to the medicine prepared by taking dihydromyricetin as a raw material, the ATP supply of the brain can be increased, the Gephyrin protein level can be increased, and the function of brain inhibitory neurons (GAMA aminobutyric acid) can be improved; the compound can effectively improve the night sleep disorder of a dementia patient, especially the night dysphoria and excitement accompanied by the night sleep disorder, can regulate the function of dopaminergic neurons, plays a role in calming by regulating the function of inhibitory neurons, relieves the phenomena of anxiety, depression and insomnia, and is good in safety and free of dependence, tolerance and other adverse reactions.
Owner:国科特膳江苏生物科技有限公司

Neuromorphic system and methodology for switching between functional operations

PendingUS20220067492A1Digital storageNeural architecturesNeuronal stimulationControl cell
A neuromorphic system for switching between a multitude of functional operations includes a controlling unit and a neuron unit. The controlling unit provides a first input and a second input and regulates a multitude of bias currents. The neuron unit receives the bias currents. An input neuron group receives the first input and the second input. An excitatory neuron group is stimulated by the input neuron group. An inhibitory neuron group is electrically connected to the excitatory neuron group, and the inhibitory neuron group and the excitatory neuron group stimulate each other. An output neuron is electrically connected to the excitatory neuron group and stimulated by the excitatory neuron group to generate an output. The bias currents control the excitatory neuron group, the inhibitory neuron group and the output neuron to be in one of a high-activity state, a middle-activity state and a low-activity state.
Owner:NATIONAL TSING HUA UNIVERSITY
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