The invention relates to an FPGA-based polling system distinguishing priority, and belongs to the field of wireless sensor network communication. According to the system, a MATLAB tool is skillfully employed, and frequency division technology is utilized to generate original information sub-groups obeying Poisson distribution; a Verilog HDL language is utilized to control transfer of a state machine, control on a system service order is realized, and hybrid scheduling on full service of a high-priority site in the system and threshold service of normal sites is realized; and an asynchronous FIFO soft-core built in an FPGA is utilized to cache and send site information, and speed matching of arrival and sending processes of the information sub-groups of all the sites is effectively realized. A server carries out full service in a prior manner for the central site, and provides threshold service for the normal sites, central-site services are enabled to have a better time delay characteristic, consideration to services of the normal sites is also given at the same time, the problem of phase staying or frequent-switching in systems is effectively avoided, control is flexible, and thesystem of the invention can be widely applied to multi-service systems which distinguish priority and have higher requirements for time delay characteristics.