270 results about "Fruit maturation" patented technology

The invention discloses a Dendrobium in vitro crossbreeding method. The method can be used to greatly shorten the maturation period of fruits, to enable a hybrid to bloom in vitro in a short period so as to observe flower shapes and colors, and to cultivate a novel variety, thus accelerating Dendrobium breeding, the first such report internationally. Since in vitro Dendrobium blooms annually, it enables crossbreeding of varieties having different inflorescences in nature. In addition, the medium used at each stage of the invention utilizes Hyponex which has a unique composition and costs little, thus allowing for a high blossoming rate and rapid fruit development. Also, only simple plant tissue culture equipment is required for implementing the invention, thus the entire breeding method is simple and low cost, and provides conditions for cultivating of high-quality Dendrobium varieties.

The invention discloses a method suitable for northern grape horizontal connected trellis cultivation. When a vineyard in a northern grape region is built, a grape trellis is designed into a horizontal connected trellis, the trellis face height is 200cm + / - 10cm, when the shape of a grape tree is cultivated, a single main vane of each plant of grape tree is chosen and reserved to be horizontally tied along the extension direction after the single main vanes clime to a trellis with inclined angles smaller than or equal to 60 degrees along the extension direction, the whole line of grape main vanes are connected mutually on the trellis face to form a long line along the extension direction, and therefore insertion positions of shoots can be placed in a straight line, the shoots can grow towards the left and the right and perpendicular to the main vanes, and the shoots are paralleled with each other and can grow horizontally. By means of the method suitable for the northern grape horizontal connected trellis cultivation, output can be controlled accurately, fruit quality is improved, fresh eating quality or processing performance is improved, mature time of fruits is uniform, mechanical management is benefited, trimming, climbing on the trellis and climbing off the trellis are convenient, branches and tendrils can be prevented from being twisted in the process of climbing on the trellis and climbing off the trellis, and therefore the method suitable for the northern grape horizontal connected trellis cultivation has wide practicability.

The invention discloses a rapid construction method of a macadamia nut early-fruiting and high-yield garden in a karst rocky desertification mountain area and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a land and carrying out soil preparation, selecting germchit, carrying out field planting on nursery stocks, carrying out tending management and shaping tree bodies. Specifically, the method comprises: selecting rock pits with the altitude of being lower than 1000m and a soil layer of being 50cm or more, and digging field planting holes; carrying out the soil preparation; selecting non-woven fabric nutrient bags grafted big seedlings as the germchit; carrying out the field planting on 3 to 5 macadamia nut varieties with relatively consistent florescence and fruit maturation period by adopting a mixed planting manner; combining water and fertilizer management and the like; topping when shoots of young plants grow to certain length every time, so as to promote the young plants to branch and culture early-fruiting and high-yield tree crowns. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the macadamia nut early-fruiting and high-yield garden is constructed in the karst rocky desertification mountain area; the garden enters an economic gain period one year ahead of a conventional grafted seedling garden; the investment period is shortened and the investment cost of constructing the garden is reduced; the recovery of vegetation covers of the karst rocky desertification mountain area can be facilitated, water and soil loss is prevented, people are led to a fortune and rocky desertification is managed.

The invention relates to a method of culturing of seedling and standardized planting protection of seeds of shinyleaf yellowhorn, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) collecting seeds: collecting seeds which are fully mature and has full kernels; (2) seed treatment: soaking the seeds with clean water, carrying out sand burial and lamination and adopting a fast germinating method for seeds without being treated by sand burial; (3) soil preparation of nursery lands: turning over the soil while pressing with a harrow, leveling the nursery lands and applying the farmyard manure; (4) sowing: adopting sowing in strip in spring, or spot sowing; taking out the seeds for sowing after the fruit is mature in autumn; (5) building a tunnel, furrowing small grooves at the two sides of beds, inserting bamboo bows, coating films, tucking the edges at the periphery of the film and covering the film with soil and pressing the film; (6) management of seedling stage: watering in proper time and proper quantity, weeding, binding the supports of nursery plants and carrying out artificial capping in August; (7) digging pits for planting when planting in spring of next year, cultivating, weeding, cutting tiller at any time, applying fertilizers before flowering, in the stage of enlarging the fruit, after colleting seeds and in the stage of enlarging the fruit; and (8) controlling damage by disease and insect and preventing yellows, sooty mould and smaller velvety chafer.

[OBJECT] To provide an agricultural chemical and the like with the use of an effect of inducing systemic acquired resistance in a plant. To provide a growth inhibitor of not only a plant pathogenic bacterium but also a harmful microorganism.[MEANS FOR RESOLUTION] Utilization of a rare sugar for inducing systemic acquired resistance in a plant or inhibiting the growth of a microorganism. Utilization thereof as an agricultural chemical with the use of the effect of inducing systemic acquired resistance in a plant, a plant disease inhibitor, an inducer of a plant growth regulatory factor (i.e., an inducer of plant hormone-like actions consisting of disease resistance, insect resistance, fruit maturation, breaking of dormancy, regulation of germination, drying resistance, and other than this, resistance to environmental stresses such as low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance, salt resistance and heavy metal resistance and promotion of flowering) and a microorganism growth inhibitor. The rare sugar is an aldose (D-allose, D-altrose or L-galactose) or a ketose (D-psicose or a mixture of D-psicose and D-fructose).

The invention provides a juicy peach storage method, comprising the following steps: sorting and pre-cooling the fruits in a house at 20 degree after picking up the mature juicy peach fruits; low temperature processing the fruits using program cooling method; inducing the fruit tissue cold-damage endurance capability using a certain low temperature; storing the fruits at low temperature. The fruits are processed by suitable low temperature and then stored at low temperature, thus the fruit respiratory rate, fruit metabolism, fruit ripening process can be effectively decelerated and the energy consumption can be also reduced, the fruit storage time can be prolonged, at the same time the occurence of the cold-damage of the soft melting fruits during storage period and fruit decayed rate can be reduced and the storage fruit quality and marketability can be kept. The storage method has features of reasonable design, convenient operation, lower device requirement and less cost and is suitable for large-scale operation and demonstration and generalization. The storage method also can be applied for other climacteric, chilling-sensitive horticultural products.

The invention discloses a seedless processing method for culturing Pione grape in an open field. The method comprises the following steps: arranging flowers and spicae from five days before flowering to the initial flowering stage; thinning auxiliary spicae and branches at both ends of the upper parts of the spicae, wherein fruit spicae with the lengths of 3.5-4.0cm at the tops of the flower spicae and 14-15 branches are maintained; during 50-100% of the flowering period of the flower spicae, carrying out spica dipping treatment with gibberellin and / or forchlorfenuron liquid for the first time, and two weeks later, carrying out spic dipping treatment with forchlorfenuron liquid for the second time; emphasizing the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests from the blooming period of grape scalebud; and maintaining 30-35 fruits on each spica after picking. Through the method, fruits with good quality can be obtained, the color is completely purple black, the spicae and grains are regular, the taste is sweet, the weight of single grape reaches 15.0g, the average weight of fruit spica is 500g, the content of soluble solids is 16-18%, and the yield per mu is 1100kg; the seedless degree is high, which is 96.6% at most; moreover, the difference of fruit maturation period of Pione grape and the fruit maturation period of Kyoho grape is 5-10 days so that more production choices can be provided for producers without causing overstocking of product during a certain period of time.

The invention discloses a tomato fruit ripening gene SINAC3 and application thereof. The tomato fruit ripening gene SINAC3 has a nucleotide sequence shown as SEQIDNO.1 or protein of an amino acid sequence coded as SEQIDNO.2, a typical NAC homology domain and coded NAC protein. As proved by the relevant technology of functional genomics, the tomato fruit ripening gene SINAC3 plays an important role in tomato fruit ripening. The tomato fruit ripening gene SINAC3 is structured onto a plant expression vector and transferred into a tomato for interference expression, the transgenic tomato can show the capacity of delaying fruit ripening, and the tomato fruit ripening gene SINAC3 can be directly used for controlling the ripening progress of fruits in production.

The invention relates to a water-saving peach tree planting method. The method comprises the following steps that 1, land formation, fertilizer application and ridging are performed, and drainage ditches are dug between ridges; two rows of planting pits are dug in each ridge, saplings of middle-early ripen peach trees are placed into the planting pits; 2, after the saplings are planted, a support is arranged on the ridges, and the saplings are fixed to the support; 3, starting from the current planting year, branches are trimmed one time every winter and every summer; 4, starting from the third planting year, irrigation is performed on time 1-2 weeks before flowering every year; irrigation is not performed any more after fruits in the current year are harvested; 5, starting from the third planting year, root cutting treatment is performed on the middle ten days of every May, and meanwhile top application is performed; 6, starting from the third planting year, the ground surface is covered with a covering object at the end of every May and the beginning of every June; harvesting is performed after fruits are ripened; the covering object is removed after harvesting is performed. According to the water-saving peach tree planting method, water-saving peach tree planting is achieved, and the fruit quality is obviously improved on the premise that the yield is not obviously reduced.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating grafting seedlings by utilizing tomato axillary buds. Lateral branches of aged tomato plants are processed through cold storage to avoid unsuited cultivation seasons for grafting of tomatoes, buds obtained through the grafting are used as scions, wild tomatoes are used as stocks, and grafting is carried out on the stocks and the scions to cultivate the grafting seedlings. According to the method for cultivating the grafting seedlings by utilizing the tomato axillary buds, it is guaranteed that the grafting seedlings of the tomatoes can be cultivated in appropriate seasons and crop rotation occasions, the grafting seedlings are high in evenness, easy to management after field planting and consistent in fruit maturation stage, the yield is equivalent to that of general seed bud grafting seedlings, seeds can be saved, and production cost is lowered.

The invention provides an introduction and high-yield cultivation method for figs from Zhangzhou, Fujian. The method includes the following steps of (1) garden building, wherein the latitude limit of fig cultivation is south of 40-degree northern latitude, the winter temperature should not be lower than -15 DEG C, the garden should be built in a place avoiding the wind and facing the sunshine, waterlogging and depression land should be avoided, deep plough and soil preparation should be conducted before the garden is built, the soil PH value ranges from 6.5 to 7.5, more lime and organic fertilizer should be applied, and deep plough soil reform and medium plough weeding are conducted on the soil, (2) fertilization management, wherein the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium applied in the whole year is 0.5:1:1, the nitrogenous fertilizer should not be applied too much in the sapling period instead more phosphatic fertilizer and potash fertilizer should be applied, so that the influence on fruit yield due to excessively flourishing of the figs is avoided, (3) water management, wherein the figs need water largely in the germination period, but not too much water should be watered each time, especially in the fruit ripe and picking period, the soil should be prevent from being too dry or too wet, and stable and appropriate soil humidity should be kept all the time so as to avoid increasing of fruit cracking.

Methods for characterizing living plants, wherein one or more beams of penetrating radiation such as x-rays are scanned across the plant under field conditions. Compton scatter is detected from the living plant and processed to derive characteristics of the living plant such as water content, root structure, branch structure, xylem size, fruit size, fruit shape, fruit aggregate volume, cluster size and shape, fruit maturity and an image of a part of the plant. Ground water content is measured using the same technique. Compton backscatter is used to guide a robotic gripper to grasp a portion of the plant such as for harvesting a fruit.

The invention discloses a pepper planting method. The method comprises the steps of a, seedbed selection; b, seed treatment including, by means of a seed soaking and germination method, putting seeds into gauze bags, binding the mouths of the gauze bags, soaking the bags into water of 50-55 DEG C, continuously mixing the water until the water decreasing the temperature to 30 DEG C within 10 minutes, continuously soaking the bags for 5-6 hours, and taking the seeds out and cleaning the seed for germination acceleration; c, seeding; d, seedling growth period; e, field planting including arranging a square field at a width of 1.1 meters and a height of 20-25 centimeters, thoroughly watering the field 10 days before the field planting, after the surface of the field becomes dried, harrowing the field into diffused round shapes through a rake, applying black mulching film on the field and burying and treading both sides and both ends of the film into the soil, and then performing the field planting; f, flowering and fruiting period including controlling the daytime temperature to be between 20 and 25 DEG C and the night temperature to be between 16 and 20 DEG C. Peppers planted through the pepper planting method are flourishing in flowering and fruiting and can prolong the maturing period to improve the fruiting rate and the yield rate.

The invention discloses an ecological adjusting and controlling method of a Shine-Muscat vineyard. The ecological adjusting and controlling method comprises the following steps of (1) performing whole-vineyard soil preparation; (2) performing field planting of seedlings; (3) performing tree shape cultivation; (4) performing disease and insect pest control at a seedling stage: before disease attackor at the early stage of the disease attack, selecting biological medicaments and chemical medicaments for joint control, and checking and governing pests; (5) performing germinating management; (6)performing ground surface management; (7) performing leaf-fruit ratio adjustment; (8) performing fruit diameter adjustment; (9) performing bag sleeving timely; (10) performing moisture content pinpoint management; (11) performing pinpoint fertilizer application; (12) performing pinpoint pesticide application; and (13) enabling fruits to be ripe. Through the adoption of the ecological adjusting andcontrolling method disclosed by the invention, a good ecosystem of the Shine-Muscat vineyard can have healthy soil and healthy tree bodies, and the high-yield period of grape trees can be prolonged by 6-8 years.

The invention relates to a soilless culture method improving the content of organic selenium of eggplants. The method includes the operation steps that firstly, soilless culture media containing nano-selenium are prepared, then strong eggplant seedlings are selected, the roots of the eggplant seedlings are sterilized and then transplanted to customized grooves in a greenhouse, the customized grooves are filled with the soilless culture media containing the nano-selenium, pruning, disaster prevention, flower promoting and fruit retention and other management are carried out on the eggplants through a conventional method, fruits are picked after being mature, and the eggplants high in organic selenium content are obtained. According to the method, the soilless culture media containing the nano-selenium are used for culturing the eggplants, the yield of the eggplants and the content of the organic selenium in the fruits can be remarkably increased, economical benefits are good, nutritional value and health-care value of the eggplants are high, use of fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced, cost is low, the eggplants are environmentally friendly and free of public hazards, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization.

The invention relates to a breeding method for a honey plum. The shapes of honey plum trees are pruned, a three-bough open-center shape or a two-bough open-center shape is adopted as the main tree shape, flower thinning is carried out at the big bud stage, fruit thinning is carried out two weeks after blossom drop to the core-hardening stage, and fruits are bagged and debagged; after setting, the fruits are bagged in time, and the sequence of bagging is that the early-ripening fruits are bagged before the late-ripening fruits are bagged; the bags are normally removed 25 to 30 days before harvesting, the suitable harvesting time is determined according to the ripeness degree of the fruits and the market demand, and after being harvested, the fruits are preserved, packaged and put into the market. The plum bred by the method is big, sweet, fragrant and delicious, has thick pulp, and has the advantages of high yield, enough sweetness, good fruit shape and high sale price.

The invention discloses a clean and efficient culture technology for strawberry and water spinach crop rotation. First, mother plants of good variety of strawberries are selected; through nursery garden preparation, seedling management, temporary planting, field plating and filed management, well planted strawberries are harvested in the mid-to-end of November, and the maturity of the strawberries at the time of harvesting reaches 90%-95%; after strawberry harvest, water spinaches start to be planted when the ground temperature is above 15 DEG C, and the mature period of the water spinaches is in the middle third of August. The clean and efficient culture technology has the advantage that usage amount of pesticide is reduced in strawberry and water spinach crop rotation.

The invention provides a safe and efficient storage method of ponkan fruits, comprising the following steps: precooling the picked ponkan fruits in a 20 DEG C room, and selecting, using heat shock treatment to harden the resistance of the fruits, and putting the treated fruits at 10 DEG C for storing. According to the invention, by proper heat shock treatment and then low temperature storage, the respiratory rate of the fruits can be effectively slowed, the energy consumption is reduced, the fruit metabolism is slowed, fruit ripening and senescence are slowed, the storage time of the fruits is prolonged, simultaneously the pathogen attack can be effectively resisted, the fruit rotting rate is reduced, and good quality and commodity of the stored fruits are kept; the method has the advantages of reasonable design, simple operation, low device requirement, and low cost, and can be operated and popularized in large scale.

The invention provides a castration-free artificial hybridization lotus pollinating method, and its character: the artificial hybridization pollinating method is as follows: 1, selecting excellent-character male and female parents of lotus; 2, in 1-2 days before the hybrid parents come into flower, using bags to cover and isolate the buds; 3, as the female parent comes into flower on the first day, gathering the flowers of the meal parent coming into flower on the second day, temporarily taking down the bags of the flowers of the female parent, picking 6-8 stamens of the flowers of the male parent to put in honey solution in the stigma discs of the flowers of the female parent, slightly stirring to diffuse the pollens into the honey solution, then covering back the isolating bags, and completing the pollinating procedures; 4, as the female parent comes into flower on the second or third day, eliminating the bags to make the flowers open in natural state, successively putting them in the water to grow so as to complete the hybridization, waiting for the fruits to be ripe to gather the seeds. It eliminates the procedure of castrating, simple to operate, unable to damage the flowers, saving time and labor, and high-success rate of breeding.

The invention discloses a high-yield afforestation planting method of high-quality milk jujube, belonging to the technical field of plant cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining nursery stock; (2) exercising seedling; (3) selecting cultivated fields; (4) reclaiming the cultivated fields; (5) transplanting; (6) carrying out young forest intercropping; (7) carrying out clay fertilization and water management; (8) pruning; (9) increasing the set of fruit; (10) comprehensively preventing and curing plant diseases and insect pests. The method has the advantages that the afforestation cost can be reduced, the survival rate can be obviously improved, the standing forest is regular, the scientific operating management can be conveniently carried out, the fructescence can be shortened, the quality and the yield of the milk dates can be improved, the happening of various plant diseases and insect pests can be greatly restrained, the popular jujube witches broom can be effectively controlled particularly, the occurrence rate of the standing forest jujube witches broom can be greatly reduced, and the shrinking conventional industry can be rescued.

The invention discloses a special fertilizer for preventing and controlling hami melon fruit cracking and a preparation method of the special fertilizer. The fertilizer is formed by mixing the following substances in percentage by weight: 2 percent to 5 percent of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 40 percent to 60 percent of ethylenediamine tetracetic acid calcium sodium, 10 percent to 20 percent of ethylenediamine tetracetic acid magnesium sodium, 5 percent to 10 percent of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ferrisodium, 5 percent to 10 percent of ethylenediamine tetracetic acid manganese sodium, 10 percent to 20 percent of ethylenediamine tetracetic acid zinc sodium, 2 percent to 5 percent of ethylenediamine tetracetic acid copper sodium, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of sodium molybdate dehydrate and 0.1 percent to 1.0 percent of solid surface active agents, and the total weight percentage is 100 percent. From the early fruit expansion period to the fruit maturation period of hami melons, the fertilizer is dissolved in water according to the quantity being 800 to 2500 times, the spraying on leaves is carried out for three times, and the interval is 10 days for each time. The fertilizer has the advantages that the fruit cracking rate of the hami melon can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the fruit quality of the hami melons can be improved.

The invention discloses a high-quality high-yield peach tree planting technology, belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a high-quality high-yield peach tree planting method. The invention provides the high-quality high-yield peach tree planting technology which is high in environmental adaptability, stable in yield and good in fruit quality. The high-quality high-yield peach tree planting technology comprises the following steps: firstly, performing rational close planting, namely, digging empty planting ditches with the widths of 60 cm and the depths of 50 cm after a base is selected; secondly, planting, namely, selecting young seedlings with a developed root system, a large number of fine roots, thick trunks, and 5 to 7 plump buds in training belts; thirdly, performing fertilizer and water management, peach trees grow vigorously and grow continuously in one year, so that a large amount of fertilizers are required, much nitrogen and potassium are required and little phosphorus is required; fourthly, ploughing deeply and applying base fertilizer in autumn, wherein an inter-row furrowing and deep ploughing method is adopted; pressing straw in the ditches; applying organic fertilizer, and simultaneously, mixing compound fertilizer; fifthly, performing light irrigation once 2 to 3 weeks before a fruit maturation period, which is beneficial to increase fruit sizes and improve yield; sixthly, training, wherein the peach trees have a plurality of tree shapes, and a natural centre opening shape, a main trunk shape and the like are commonly used.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating high-quality milk jujube grafted seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of plant grafted seedlings. The method comprises the following steps of: (a) selecting rootstock seeds; (2) soaking the seeds; (3) sprouting; (4) leveling a nursery; (5) producing a seedbed; (6) sowing the rootstock seeds; (7) rootstock seedling growth period management; (8) adopting a scion; (9) selecting grafting and grafting conditions; (10) integrated management of grafted seedlings; (11) integrated pest management. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that: the sprouting and the nursery leveling are simultaneously carried out, so that the cultivation time of the rootstock seeds is shortened; the seeds are strictly soaked, so that the survival rate of the rootstock seeds is improved, the afforestation cost of the grafted seedlings is reduced, the afforestation stands are neat, and the maturity of fruits is shortened; jujube seedlings are cultivated into rootstock seedlings to be grafted, so that the witches broom, blight and other diseases can be effectively controlled, and the traditional milk jujube products are saved.

The invention discloses a method and a system for accurately detecting dense plums picked by a robot. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring images of fruits in an orchard through image acquisition equipment; performing inspection processing to obtain a target detection image meeting requirements; performing data annotation of fruits with different maturity degrees on the target detection image to obtain an annotated image; dividing the marked image into a training set and a test set according to a proportion, and obtaining the number of mature proportion fruits in the training set; judging whether data balance processing is needed or not according to the fruit ripening proportion in the training set; performing data enhancement processing on the balance training set data; improving the target detection model; training and predicting the data enhancement training set by improving the target detection model to obtain a detection result; according to the invention, the deep learning model is applied to identification and picking of plums, can be deployed on a robot picking platform, and provides technical support for yield estimation of orchards and research of picking robots.

The invention relates to a macadimia nut early-fruiting planting method. According to the method, fructescence of macadimia nut is shortened by 20 to 35 days; since crowns are sprayed with indolebutyric acid before florescence, germination of flower buds can be promoted while hormone sensitivity of pollen and stamen can be reduced and malformed fruit occurrence rate can be decreased; a good amountof borax and triacontanol which are added into florescence treating agents are good for absorption of gibberellin and further shortening fruit maturation time of macadimia nut; a good amount of boraxis added into a base fertilizer applied in the florescence, so that nutrient absorption capacity of roots of macadimia nut trees can be improved, fat content of macadimia nut is increased, and quality of macadimia nut is also improved.

The invention relates to a high-efficiency anti-fruit cracking agent for longan and leechee and a preparation method of the anti-cracking agent. The agent of the invention aims to solve the problem that commodity value of fruits of the longan and the leechee in the south of the Five Ridges is lost because fruit peels are cracked due to various reasons such as weather, physiology and the like, wherein the growth of the fruits of the longan and the leechee is promoted and the senescence of the fruit peels of the longan and the leechee is delayed through combining with the development characteristics of the fruits of the longan and the leechee and applying different plant cytokinins, gibberellin and nutrient element; and the toughness of the fruits of the longan and the leechee is increased through increasing calcium. The agent is faint light yellow liquid and comprises the following plant active material compositions by weight percentage: 0.1-0.4% and 0.4-1.6% of plant cytokinins, 0.15-0.6% of the gibberellin and 5-16%of calcium chloride. The agent has the advantages of stability in physicochemical properties and bioactivity, no toxic side effect, no phytotoxicity and no burning; when the agent diluted by a factor of 200-4000 is sprayed to the fruits of the longan and the leechee in the period from the blossom falling to fruit ripening of the longan and the leechee, significant effect of fruit cracking resistance is provided; in addition, the fruit cracking problem of orange, mango, carambola and the like can also be solved.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating grafting seedlings by utilizing color pepper axillary buds. Lateral branches of aged color pepper plants are processed through cold storage to avoid unsuited cultivation seasons for grafting of color peppers, buds obtained through the grafting are used as scions, wild peppers are used as stocks, and grafting is carried out on the stocks and the scions to cultivate the grafting seedlings. According to the method for cultivating the grafting seedlings by utilizing the color pepper axillary buds, it is guaranteed that the grafting seedlings of the color peppers can be cultivated in appropriate seasons and crop rotation occasions, the grafting seedlings are high in evenness, easy to management after field planting and consistent in fruit maturation stage, the yield is equivalent to that of general seed bud grafting seedlings, seeds can be saved, and production cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a fruit ripening retardant for jujube, and the fruit ripening retardant comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-0.9 part of gibberellin, 0.2-0.4 part of 6-benzyladenine, 0.7-1.0 part of rhodofix, 11-15 parts of urea, 6-10 parts of sodium borate, 3-6 parts of copper chloride, 5-8 parts of iron chloride, 6-8 parts of manganese chloride, 5-7 parts of zinc chloride, 10-15 parts of ethanol and 1000 parts of pure water. The preparation disclosed by the invention is prepared by firstly dissolving the gibberellin with the ethanol, then sequentially adding the 6-benzyladenine and the rhodofix, uniformly stirring, then completely pouring into the pure water, then adding the urea, the sodium borate, the copper chloride, the iron chloride, the manganese chloride and the zinc chloride into the pure water, fully stirring and uniformly mixing. By applying a solution of the preparation disclosed by the invention, which is diluted by 10-20 times on jujube fruits during the white-mature period, compared with a control group, the fruit ripening can be delayed by 18 days, the cracking fruit rate can be reduced by above 32%, the incidence rate of black spots is reduced by above 25%, and the content of soluble sugar of the jujube fruits and the single fruit weight can be further significantly improved.

The invention discloses a method for establishing a peach fruit maturation degree prediction model. The method comprises the following steps: respectively picking peach fruits in a turning-color period and fruits reaching the picking maturation degree, and respectively marking as a maturation degree I and a maturation degree II; measuring the peel absorbance difference IAD of the picked peach fruits, and measuring hardness of the peach fruits; and fitting the hardness of the fruits with the maturation degree I and the maturation degree II with the IAD, and establishing a peach fruit maturation degree prediction equation y=ax2+bx+c. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the peach fruit maturation degree prediction model is established based on the peel absorbance difference IAD which is nondestructively tested by a near infrared technology, and due to regression prediction, the difference between an estimated value and an actual observed value is not obvious. Therefore, the prediction model has high accuracy, the measurement and calculation method is simple, and the peach fruits can be timely picked.

The invention relates to a soilless culture method improving the content of organic selenium of cauliflowers. The method includes the operation steps that firstly, soilless culture media containing nano-selenium are prepared, then strong cauliflower seedlings are selected, the roots of the cauliflower seedlings are sterilized and then transplanted to customized grooves in a greenhouse, the customized grooves are filled with the soilless culture media containing the nano-selenium, fertilizing, watering, disaster prevention and other management are carried out on the cauliflowers through a conventional method, fruits are picked after being mature, and the cauliflowers high in organic selenium content are obtained. According to the method, the soilless culture media containing the nano-selenium are used for culturing the cauliflowers, the yield of the cauliflowers and the content of the organic selenium in the fruits can be remarkably increased, economical benefits are good, nutritional value and health-care value of the cauliflowers are high, use of fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced, cost is low, the cauliflowers are environmentally friendly and free of public hazards, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization.