The invention discloses a reservoir culvert detection robot. A special pipeline robot aiming at the reservoir culvert detection work is not designed in the prior art. The reservoir culvert detection robot comprises a driving wheel group, a steering system, a connecting mechanism, a driven wheel group and a control system, wherein the driving wheel group and the driven wheel group are connected through the connecting mechanism, the steering system controls the steering of the driving wheel group, the driving wheel group comprises wheel leg mechanisms and a transfer system, the three wheel leg mechanisms are uniformly distributed and arranged on the side wall of a first main installing plate, the transfer system is arranged in the center part of the first main installing plate, and drives the three wheel leg mechanisms, and the steering system comprises a rope, a steering rope roller, a steering motor, a steering reset spring, an initial position stop pin, a pull arm and a terminal position stop pin. The reservoir culvert detection robot is suitable for the work environment of a reservoir culvert, and can do autoroatation around the pipeline center in situ in the pipeline for avoiding obstacles; two rows of wheel groups including the front row and the back row and a telescopic diameter change mechanism are adopted, the telescopic quantity of each wheel leg is respectively independent, and the pipeline diameter change adapting capability is high.