The invention discloses a microgrid inverter multi-loop control method based on a virtual synchronous generator, and the method comprises power control of an outer loop and voltage current control of an inner loop. The power control of the outer loop comprises the following steps: measuring the three-phase voltage and current of an output side of an inverter, calculating active power and reactive power according to the instantaneous power theory, carrying out calculation and regulation through an active power-frequency equation, a reactive frequency equation, a torque inertia equation and an electromagnetic transient equation of a synchronous motor, obtaining the amplitude of an output voltage and a phase angle given value, and then carrying out modulation through voltage and current double loops. The method can achieve the non-corresponding control of voltage size and frequency well, outputs active and reactive power, can achieve precise manual control, and has the characteristics of V / F and PQ control. When a fault happens to a power grid, the method can simulate the primary modulation, primary voltage regulation and inertia characteristics of the synchronous generator, participates in the power grid adjustment, provides frequency and voltage support, and facilitates the stabilization of the power grid.