The invention discloses a construction method of a double-liquid rapid-hardening high-pressure jet grouting pile. The construction method comprises the following steps of measuring a pile position, clearing, excavating and removing a fault, debugging a drilling machine, placing the drilling machine in place, drilling to a designed depth, mixing cement paste, preparing water glass, performing double-liquid high-pressure jet grouting, finishing jet grouting, moving the drilling machine to a next pile and the like. Compared with a traditional common jet grouting pile construction process, two nozzles below a multifunctional full-hydraulic drill pipe machine are used for spraying cement paste and water glass through a pump body, then the cement paste solution and water glass solution sprayed out of the nozzles at the bottom of the multifunctional full-hydraulic drill pipe machine are rotationally stirred and mixed at the bottom of a pile position, and therefore rapid hardening and pile forming of the cement paste are achieved; the problem that an ordinary jet grouting pile cannot be formed due to the fact that flowing water exists on the earth surface is solved; and by means of the construction method, rapid pile forming and effective pile forming are achieved through grout, the pile forming time is very short, the liquidity of the grout is weak, the using amount of cement paste is relatively small, the using amount of the grout is reduced, and blocking of underground pipelines is avoided.