93results about How to "Prevent and suppress" patented technology

A solar cell including a first electrode, a second electrode arranged opposite to the first electrode, an electron transport layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, a dye layer D which is in contact with the electron transport layer, a hole transport layer arranged between the electron transport layer and the second electrode and being in contact with the dye layer D, and a barrier layer, and these elements are provided on a substrate. The barrier layer prevents or suppresses short-circuit between the first electrode and the hole transport layer. The porosity of the barrier layer is made smaller than that of the electron transport layer. The barrier layer is formed into a film-like shape and arranged between the first electrode and the electron transport layer. The solar cell can accomplish excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency by the provision of such a barrier layer.

A solid type dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion element which is excellent in photoelectric conversion efficiency and which can be manufactured at a low cost is disclosed. The photoelectric conversion element can be applied to a so-called wet type solar cell which does not use any electrolyte. The solar cell comprises a first electrode 3, a second electrode 6 arranged opposite to the first electrode 3, an electron transport layer 4 arranged between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 6, a dye layer D which is in contact with the electron transport layer 4, a hole transport layer 5 arranged between the electron transport layer 4 and the second electrode 6 and being in contact with the dye layer D, and a barrier layer 8, and these elements are provided on a substrate 2. The barrier layer 8 constitutes short-circuit preventing or suppressing means for preventing or suppressing short-circuit between the first electrode 3 and the hole transport layer 5. The porosity of the barrier layer is made smaller than that of the electron transport layer 4. The barrier layer is formed into a film-like shape and arranged between the fist electrode 4 and the electron transport layer 4. The solar cell can accomplish excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency by the provision of such a barrier layer 8.

N-[1S,2S]-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(3-cyanophenyl)-1-methylpropyl]-2-methyl-2-{[5-trifluoromethyl]pyridine-2-yl}oxy}propanamide (Compound I) has surprisingly improved solubility and bioavailability in a lipophilic vehicle comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable digestible oil, a surfactant, or a cosolvent, or a mixture of any two or more thereof. In one embodiment of the present invention are self-emulsifying or self-microemulsifying composition comprising 1) Compound I; 2) a surfactant having an HLB of 1 to 8; and 3) a surfactant having an HLB of over 8 to 20; and optionally, 4) a digestible oil and / or cosolvent and / or antioxidant or preservative.

An organic EL display unit includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a display layer, and a sealing section. The display layer is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The display layer includes an organic layer. The sealing section is provided continuously from an end surface of the display layer to at least a portion of respective end surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate.

A purge apparatus for replacing a gas atmosphere in a purge object vessel by a purge gas through a port provided on a bottom face of the purge object vessel is disclosed. The purge apparatus includes a purge unit attached to a table that receives the purge object vessel, and a purge nozzle body including a port contacting portion provided on an upper side of the purge nozzle body and an attachment object portion provided on a lower side of the purge nozzle body. The purge unit has an attachment portion and the port contacting portion of the purge nozzle body is configured to contact the port of the purge object vessel. The attachment object portion of the purge nozzle body removably engages with the attachment portion of the purge unit so that the purge nozzle body is removably attached to the purge unit.

A method of forming a mask, in which a film pattern is formed on a substrate by using a mask, includes sequentially arranging the mask, the substrate and a first member having a flat surface contacting with the substrate in this order from a supply source of film forming material; and attracting the mask and the first member by means of a magnetic force.

A motorcycle that discharges air that has passed through a radiator such that the air does not directly impinge on a rider, thereby resolving discomfort. An air guide passage guides air that has passed through the radiator so that the air passes through a gap between a front side cover and a fuel tank to a portion higher than the fuel tank.

Disclosed is a wet wiper including: a sheet including absorbent fibers; and a liquid impregnated into the sheet. The impregnated liquid contains at least one plant extract. Alcohol ingredient used for extracting the plant extract consists only of polyhydric alcohol.

Provided is an electric outboard motor that includes a drive motor, which is an AC motor, as a drive source. The electric outboard motor includes: an outboard motor main body that includes the drive motor and an inverter that converters a direct current to an alternating current to supply the alternating current to the drive motor; a control / power supply unit that is formed separately from the outboard motor main body and that can supply the direct current to the inverter; and a connection cable that electrically connects the outboard motor main body and the control / power supply unit. The inverter and the drive motor are stacked and arranged in an axial direction of a rotation output axis of the drive motor. Part of the inverter falls within an outline of the drive motor in a view in the axial direction of the rotation output axis of the drive motor.

In view of the finding that keeping a healthy body is fundamental for overcoming cancer, it is an object of the present invention to provide a nutritious composition that is effective in suppressing mutagenic substances and promoting good health. The composition also suppresses large intestinal cancer. The composition includes dietary fiber in a range of 15 wt % to 30 wt % in respect to the total amount of composition which is contained in dried koji fine powder that includes dead fungi of Aspergillus and active enzyme produced by the Aspergillus.

The present invention relates to immunogenic peptides comprising a T-cell epitope. Said peptides are modified such that CD4+ T-cell responses are obtainable that are much stronger than the CD4+ T-cell responses obtained with the same peptides not comprising said modification. In particular, the modification is the addition of a cysteine, insertion of a cysteine or mutation into a cysteine of a residue at a position adjacent to but outside the MHC-binding site of the peptide. Further disclosed are the use of such modified peptides in treating, suppressing or preventing diseases such as infectious or allergic diseases and autoimmune diseases, in preventing or suppressing graft rejection, or in the eradication of tumor cells.

A solenoid valve driving apparatus includes switching means for ON / OFF-controlling application of a direct current voltage to a solenoid of a solenoid valve, and signal outputting means. A first period and a consecutive second period are set as a valve opening operation period of the solenoid valve. When the signal outputting means outputs the PWM signal to the switching means, a duty ratio of the output signal is set to be higher in the second period than in the first period so that a power supplied to the solenoid is larger in the second period than in the first period. As a result, a valve opening operation is performed in the solenoid valve reliably, and loud noise generation during the valve opening operation is suppressed.

A heat pipe wherein a condensable liquid phase working fluid is encapsulated in a container sealed in air-tight condition; wherein the wick composed of the porous body for refluxing the liquid phase working fluid by a capillary pressure is provided in the container; wherein a part of the container functions as an evaporating part for evaporating the working fluid by means of inputting the heat from outside; and wherein another part of the container functions as a condensing part for condensing a vapor of the working fluid by means of radiating the heat to the outside; comprises a direct reflux flow passage for flowing the liquid phase working fluid to the evaporating part, which has a flow cross-sectional area greater than that of a cavity formed in the porous body.

A motorcycle that discharges air that has passed through a radiator such that the air does not directly impinge on a rider, thereby resolving discomfort. An air guide passage guides air that has passed through the radiator so that the air passes through a gap between a front side cover and a fuel tank to a portion higher than the fuel tank.

A DC motor includes a rotor which is mounted in a housing so that it can rotate about an axis. The rotor includes at least one winding to which direct current is applied from the outside in alternating directions via a commutator, which is arranged on the rotor. Brushes are seated on the commutator and are mounted whereupon they can move relative to the commutator while being pushed by spring pressure onto the commutator.

The present invention provides an aqueous coating composition that can form a coated film having excellent appearance, in which a change in the color of the coating composition during the storage of the coating composition is prevented or suppressed, excellent storage stability is provided, and the generation of popping is prevented or suppressed; and a method for forming a coated film. The aqueous coating composition contains (A1) a film-forming aqueous resin, (B) a dioxazine pigment, (C) a hydrophobic solvent and (D) a resin having an aromatic ring with a nitro group bonded thereto, and a method for forming a coated film using the composition.

The present invention relates to multimers of polypeptides which are covalently bound to molecular scaffolds such that two or more peptide loops are subtended between attachment points to the scaffold. The invention also describes the multimerization of polypeptides through various chemical linkers and hinges of various lengths and rigidity using different sites of attachments within polypeptides. In particular, the invention describes multimers of peptides which are high affinity binders and activators of CD137. The invention also includes drug conjugates comprising said peptides, conjugated to one or more effector and / or functional groups, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said peptide ligands and drug conjugates and to the use of said peptide ligands and drug conjugates in preventing, suppressing or treating a disease or disorder mediated by CD137.

A liquid crystal display device includes: a pair of substrates including an element substrate and a counter substrate; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer is composed of liquid crystals each having a negative dielectric anisotropy, indicating that an initial oriented state is vertically-oriented, wherein the element substrate includes a switching element, an insulating layer formed on the switching element, and a pixel electrode formed on the insulating layer, wherein the pixel electrode has a plurality of island-shaped portions and a plurality of branch-shaped portions connecting between the plurality of island-shaped portions, and the switching element and the pixel electrode are electrically connected to each other via a contact hole formed in the insulating layer, wherein a spacer for defining the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is provided at the side of the liquid crystal layer of at least one substrate of the pair of substrates, and wherein the contact hole and the spacer are disposed at different locations on the surface of the one substrate and are provided in a region where the island-shaped portions and the branch-shaped portions of the pixel electrode are not formed.

An armature core is formed by laminating a plurality of first magnetic plates along a lamination direction. The armature core includes a prism portion and a first rectangular solid portion. The prism portion has a length measured in a first direction perpendicular to the lamination direction and a height measured in a second direction perpendicular to the lamination direction and the first direction. The length of the prism portion gradually increases along the lamination direction in at least part of the prism portion. The first rectangular solid portion is adjacent to the prism portion in the second direction. The first rectangular solid portion has a uniform length measured along the first direction. Preferably, a plurality of the armature cores are mounted on a yoke and have armature windings wound to form an armature of a rotary electric machine of a compressor.

A method of drilling a borehole in an earth formation wherein a plurality of selected solid magnetisable particles is inserted into the borehole, the particles being susceptible of forming a filter cake layer at the borehole wall and being made of a material susceptible of being exposed to magnetic forces when subjected to a magnetic field. A section of the borehole is drilled, and at least part of the filter-cake layer is removed from the wall of the drilled borehole section by inducing a selected magnetic field in the borehole. The magnetic field exerts magnetic forces to the particles, thereby withdrawing the particles from the wall.

A controller for a vehicle transmission in which a first transmission path including a first transmission mechanism that is able to continuously change its speed ratio and a second transmission path including a second transmission mechanism having a set speed ratio different from that of the first transmission mechanism are provided in parallel with each other between an input shaft to which torque is input from a driving force source of a vehicle and an output shaft that outputs torque to an output member, the vehicle transmission carrying out transmission of power between the input shaft and the output shaft via one of the first transmission path and the second transmission path, includes: performing means for carrying out a change shift for changing a path of the transmission of power between the first transmission path and the second transmission path by engaging a predetermined clutch mechanism; and setting means for setting a change speed ratio region that defines a range of a speed ratio of the first transmission mechanism such that a rotation speed difference between engagement members of the clutch mechanism, which are engaged with each other in carrying out the change shift, is smaller than or equal to a predetermined value. When a speed ratio outside the change speed ratio region is set in the first transmission mechanism, the change shift is not carried out.

A method and a portable inhibitor which will focus a blast from an improvised explosive device aboard a pressurized aircraft in flight by using current Federal Aviation Administration least risk bomb location (LRBL) procedures. The portable LRBL is created using a collection of inflatable cubes which interlock with one another. The cubes are made from a resilient inner bladder which is filled with halon gas or other such fire retardant gas. The outer shell is made from ballistic material such as Kevlar. The portable LRBL is stored in a deflated mode. In order for the device to be used, it must be inflated. Once inflated, the cubes will be assembled and placed at a pre-determined position on the aircraft. This location will vary depending on the type and manufacturer of the aircraft. Once the cubes are connected and stacked, the structure will provide multi layered protection to the aircraft and passengers. In addition to providing ballistic protection to the passengers, the LRBL will be filled with halon gas which is a fire retardant gas which will minimize any fireball that may be caused as a result of an explosion. The LRBL structure acts to focus the detonation of an IED in a specific direction which will blow open the door of an aircraft and the pressure inside the cabin will force the explosion outside.

A flash phenomenon of OLEDs at the time of power source ON of a display device is suppressed. The OLED emits light when reference potentials VSS and VDD are applied from power source lines to the OLED's cathode and anode respectively. While the anode can be connected to one of the power source line via a driving TFT and a lighting switch, a reset potential VRS can be applied to the anode via a reset switch and the driving TFT. The lighting switch is turned OFF and the reset switch and the driving TFT are turned ON so that VRS is applied to the anode, before starting the application of the reference potentials to the power source lines. Following this state, the application of the reference potentials to the power source lines starts, and thus a normal operation of allowing the OLED to emit light starts.

A purge apparatus for replacing a gas atmosphere in a purge object vessel by a purge gas through a port provided on a bottom face of the purge object vessel is disclosed. The purge apparatus includes a purge unit attached to a table that receives the purge object vessel, and a purge nozzle body including a port contacting portion provided on an upper side of the purge nozzle body and an attachment object portion provided on a lower side of the purge nozzle body. The purge unit has an attachment portion and the port contacting portion of the purge nozzle body is configured to contact the port of the purge object vessel. The attachment object portion of the purge nozzle body removably engages with the attachment portion of the purge unit so that the purge nozzle body is removably attached to the purge unit.

An abnormality detecting device of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a sensor nick abnormality detecting unit configured to detect a nick abnormality in a detecting element of a downstream side sensor which is provided in a downstream side of an exhaust gas purifying catalyst in an exhaust passage and generates an output corresponding to an oxygen concentration in exhaust gas, on the basis of a matter that a distribution of an output of the downstream side sensor is biased to an area in which the air-fuel ratio is leaner than a theoretical air-fuel ratio, and an inhibiting unit configured to inhibit detection of the nick abnormality of the detecting element by the sensor nick abnormality detecting unit in the case that an intake air amount exceeds a predetermined amount.

A turbo refrigerator includes a condenser that cools and liquefies a compressed refrigerant, an evaporator that vaporizes the liquefied refrigerant and takes away heat of vaporization from a cooling object, thereby cooling the cooling object, and a turbo compressor that compresses the refrigerant vaporized by the evaporator by rotation of an impeller driven to rotate by an electric motor, and supplies the compressed refrigerant to the condenser. Moreover, the turbo refrigerator includes a braking device that operates the electric motor as a generator when the impeller is urged to rotate by the vaporized refrigerant, so as to brake the rotation of the impeller.

The present invention relates to polypeptides which are covalently bound to non-aromatic molecular scaffolds such that two or more peptide loops are subtended between attachment points to the scaffold. In particular, the invention describes peptides which are high affinity binders of PD-L1. The invention also includes drug conjugates comprising said peptides, conjugated to one or more effector and / or functional groups, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said peptide ligands and drug conjugates and to the use of said peptide ligands and drug conjugates in preventing, suppressing or treating a disease or disorder mediated by PD-L1.

A DC motor includes a rotor which is mounted in a housing so that it can rotate about an axis. The rotor includes at least one winding to which direct current is applied from the outside in alternating directions via a commutator, which is arranged on the rotor. Brushes are seated on the commutator and are mounted whereupon they can move relative to the commutator while being pushed by spring pressure onto the commutator.