80results about How to "Noise effect" patented technology

An apparatus and method is disclosed for efficiently sensing and tracking objects in an indoor environment by simultaneously measuring the object movement with an inertial navigation system and a reference location positioning system. By combining the measurements obtained with accelerometers, gyroscopes, angle estimators and the reference system using an extended Kalman filter based approach, a position estimate is obtained with high reliability and precision accuracy. Improvement in performance is obtained by the incorporation of dynamic mode switching and forward-backward smoothing in the location position estimator.

A radiation imaging apparatus is capable of taking a moving picture by acquisition by a reading circuit of a plurality of radiation image signals on the basis of a plurality of successive times of irradiation of a radiation detector with radiation rays. The radiation detector has a two-dimensional array of pixels. In a period between a start of an n-th time of irradiation with radiation rays and a start of an (n+1)-th time of irradiation with radiation rays, where n is a natural number, a controller switches an operation status of an analog-to-digital converter that converts electric signals read by the reading circuit into digital signals so that power consumption of the analog-to-digital converter is reduced.

An insulating transformer includes a semiconductor substrate, an insulating substrate, a primary winding provided on one of the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate, a secondary winding provided on other of the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate, and an insulating spacer layer provided in between the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate for insulating and separating the primary winding and the secondary winding. The primary winding and the secondary winding are disposed to face each other. The insulating spacer layer maintains a constant interval between the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate.

Noise reduction is performed on the basis of characteristics of an image in a detection range. A noise reduction block 4′ performs a second-order differentiation process and a symmetry process to decide adjacent pixels with which noise reduction is preformed for an attention pixel. With the pixel level of the attention pixel in the detection range and the pixel levels of adjacent pixels used for noise reduction, an arithmetic mean processing section 16 calculates a mean value. A median filter 17 selects a median value. With the number of pixels used for noise reduction, it is determined whether the image in the detection range contains a flat portion, a ramp portion, or an edge. The mean value and the median value are weight-added with a weighted coefficient that are changed on the basis of characteristics of the image. The result is substituted for the level of the attention pixel. When the attention pixel is an isolated point, an all-pixel median filter section 31 selects a medium value of the levels of all the pixels in the detection range including the attention pixel and substitutes the median value for the level of the attention pixel.

Methods and systems for segmenting a digital image are disclosed. In one embodiment, the image can be segmented based on adding parameters to the feature data of a pixel that representative of the location of the pixel. In another embodiment, the image can be divided into regions that are individually segmented and then combined together. In a further embodiment, the image can be processed to yield a rank-opened image and a rank-closed image and a new image is formed that combines the feature data of the two images together. The new image can then be segmented.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for use in geophysical surveying. Geophysical surveying typically involves stimulating an area of interest with a seismic source (204) and detecting the response in a sensor array. The application describes a fiber optic distributed sensing apparatus having a source (112) of electromagnetic radiation for repeatedly launching interrogating electromagnetic radiation into an optic fiber (104) deployed in said of area interest, a sampling detector (116) for sampling radiation back-scattered from the fiber; and a processor (108) arranged to process the back-scattered radiation to provide, for each of a plurality of longitudinal sensing portions of optic fiber, an indication of any incident acoustic signals affecting that sensing portion. The sampling detector is arranged to acquire a plurality of diversity samples for each said longitudinal sensing portion. The processor is configured process the diversity samples in diversity channels to determine a measurement signal indicative of any acoustic disturbance; correlate the measurement signal from each channel with a signal indicative of the seismic stimulus applied; and combine the correlated measurement signals to provide an overall measurement signal for the longitudinal sensing portion. The processor may apply a quality metric to the correlated data before performing the combination based on the quality metric. By correlating the individual diversity channels with the stimulus signal prior to performing the analysis of the measurement signal for a particular longitudinal section of optic fiber, the signal to noise ratio can be improved.

This disclosure is directed to wireless or wired multiple-input multiple-output communication systems, in which a transmit symbol vector and a set of soft decision metrics are estimated using a reduced complexity maximum likelihood (ML) detection method based on a receive symbol vector and a QR decomposition of a set of permuted channel matrices. The QR decomposition can be performed by a series of CORDIC operations. Preferably, the modified receive vector and upper triangular matrix streams are scaled by a weighting vector to help compensate for transmit and receive side noise. Also preferably, the soft decision metric set related to the reliability of transmitted bits is normalized.

A data communication technique for use in producing wells. Signals are transmitted through the product (p) by varying and monitoring flow rate at respective ends of the communication channel. At low data rates robust communication can be provided.

A highly reliable electronic circuit board for suppressing propagation of noise and a power line communication apparatus using it are provided. An electronic circuit board of the invention is connected to a different electronic circuit board and including a first board having a first face and a second face opposed to the first face and a second board having a third face and a fourth face opposed to the third face. The electronic circuit board includes a first circuit mounted on one end of the first face for performing analog signal processing; a second circuit mounted on another end of the first face for performing digital signal processing; a junction layer provided between the second face and the third face for jointing the first board and the second board; a built-in electronic component built into the junction layer; a connection part mounted on the fourth face and to be connected to the different electronic circuit board; and a first conducting path for electrically connecting the second circuit and the connection part, wherein the connection part is mounted at a position overlapping projection projecting the second circuit onto the fourth face from a vertical direction relative to the first face.

A signal transceiver apparatus suitable for a wired signal transceiver system includes a differential signal transmitter, an impendence matching control module and a signal receiver. The signal transmitter has an output terminal which is connected to a transceiver wire. The signal transmitter includes a first impendence tuner and is used to receive a control signal so as to tune impendence of the first impendence tuner according to the control signal. Moreover, the impendence matching control module generates the control signal according to a compare signal and a lock signal. Besides, the signal receiver generates the lock signal and the compare signal according to a compare result between a current flowing through the first impendence tuner and a reference current.

An electro-optical device includes a first electrode that is coupled to a first data transfer line, a second electrode that is coupled to a second data transfer line. The first and second electrodes are respectively formed in different layers. A first capacitor is formed of the first electrode, the second electrode, and a dielectric film between the first electrode and the second electrode. In addition, a power supplying line and the first data transfer line are formed in a same layer. A second capacitor is formed of the power supplying line, the first data transfer line, and an insulating layer between the power supplying line and the first data transfer line.

A method and apparatus adjusts the contrast of an input image formed of pixels. Each pixel in the input image has an input brightness level. At least some of the pixels in the output or enhanced image have an output brightness level that is different from their input brightness level. Brightness level data of the input image is filtered to obtain a high frequency component of the input image in a single operational stage. The high frequency component is amplified. The original image and the amplified high frequency component are summed to produce brightness level data of the output image.

This power control unit, which stores a power conversion module and a rapid charging device used when charging a battery, is provided with a power conversion chamber, which houses the power conversion module, and a charging device chamber, which houses the charging device, the power conversion chamber and the charging device chamber have a bottom surface in common with each other, the power conversion module and the charging device are affixed to the bottom surface in the respectively corresponding chambers, and an ECU that controls the power conversion module is disposed at a position that is above the charging device and enclosed by a peripheral wall that includes the partition wall that partitions the charging device chamber and the power conversion chamber.

A semiconductor device is provided with: a semiconductor chip die-bonding mounted face up on a support; an intermediate substrate connecting the semiconductor chip to a plurality of external connection portions; and a plurality of connection bumps connecting the semiconductor chip and the intermediate substrate. The plurality of connection bumps includes a plurality of power supply bumps connected to a plurality of electrode pads on the semiconductor chip for supplying power to the semiconductor chip. The intermediate substrate includes: a plurality of power supply pads connected to the plurality of electrode pads through the plurality of power supply bumps; a bump surface facing the semiconductor chip and having a plurality of power supply pads formed thereon; an external connection surface having a plurality of external connection pads formed thereon connected to the external connection portions; and a capacitor connected to the plurality of power supply bumps.