37results about How to "Low rate of change" patented technology

A fluid-working machine has a plurality of working chambers, e.g. cylinders (11), of cyclically changing volume, a high-pressure fluid manifold (14) and a low-pressure fluid manifold (16), at least one valve (13, 15) linking each working chamber to each manifold, and electronic sequencing means (20) for operating said valves in timed relationship with the changing volume of each chamber (11), wherein the electronic sequencing means is arranged to operate the valves of each chamber in one of an idling mode, a partial mode in which only part of the usable volume of the chamber is used, and a full mode in which all of the usable volume of the chamber (11) is used, and the electronic sequencing means (20) is arranged to select the mode of each chamber on successive cycles so as to infinitely vary the time averaged effective flow rate of fluid through the machine.

In a motor vehicle including a power source, an accelerator pedal, a powershift transmission for producing a selected gear, first and second input shafts, a first input clutch for connecting the selected gear and the first input shaft to the power source, a second input clutch for connecting an alternate gear and the second input shaft to the power source, a method for controlling the transmission while the vehicle is coasting. Displacement of the accelerator pedal is monitored to identify a tip-out and a tip-in, and clutch slip is monitored. The first clutch is maintained in a stroked state following a tip-out and while clutch slip is less than a reference magnitude of clutch slip. When clutch slip exceeds the reference magnitude, the torque capacity of the first clutch is controlled in response to a driver demand torque. Engine torque is used to control clutch slip to the desired clutch slip and to produce a desired engine speed corresponding to the desired clutch slip.

It is common in distributed systems to replicate data. In many cases, this data evolves in a consistent fashion, and this evolution can be modeled. A probabilistic model of the evolution allows us to estimate the divergence of the replicas and can be used by the application to alter its behavior, for example, to control synchronization times, to determine the propagation of writes, and to convey to the user information about how much the data may have evolved. In this paper, we describe how the evolution of the data may be modeled and outline how the probabilistic model may be utilized in various applications, concentrating on a news database example.

A wind turbine with improved response to wind conditions is provided. Blade flap angle motion is accompanied by a change in pitch angle by an amount defining a pitch / flap coupling ratio. The coupling ratio is non-constant as a function of a flap angle and is preferably a substantially continuous, non-linear function of flap angle. The non-constant coupling ratio can be provided by mechanical systems such as a series of linkages or by configuring electronic or other control systems and / or angle sensors. A link with a movable proximal end advantageously is part of the mechanical system. The system can provide relatively large coupling ratios and relatively large rates of coupling ratio changes especially for near-feather pitches and low flap angles.

A soft-start circuit generates a soft-start voltage Vss having a voltage level that rises over time. A pulse width modulator generates a PWM signal having a duty ratio adjusted such that a feedback voltage Vout′ that corresponds to the output voltage Vout of the switching power supply matches the soft-start voltage Vss. A driver circuit controls a switching element according to the PWM signal. A capacitor is arranged such that one terminal thereof is set to a fixed electric potential. A current source generates a charge current that flows intermittently in synchronization with the PWM signal so as to charge the capacitor. The soft-start circuit outputs, as the soft-start voltage Vss, a voltage that occurs at the capacitor.

The present disclosure optimizes wireless local area network (WLAN) channel scanning by collecting roaming data and passing summary information to wireless clients. The wireless clients are configured to utilize the summary information for WLAN channel scanning, roaming, etc. The present invention further includes a scanning algorithm associated with wireless clients that is weighted to scan more likely channels. Also, the present invention may weight the scanning algorithm to avoid radar avoidance channels, such as in IEEE 802.11h. Further, the scanning algorithm may be weighted to scan more often of channels with fast rates of change in wireless signal strength and the like. Advantageous, the present invention utilizes real data to optimize channel scanning at wireless clients thereby improving battery life and user experience while roaming.

An ECU transmits a pulsed operation command signal, indicating operation commands for an electric motor used as a VVT actuator, to an electric-motor EDU. The electric-motor EDU recognizes the combination of the direction in which the actuator should be operated (actuator operation direction) and the control mode based on the duty ratio of the operation command signal, and the rotational speed command value based on the frequency of the operation command signal. The electric-motor EDU controls the electric motor according to the control commands. The duty ratio indicating the combination is set such that even if the duty ratio is falsely recognized, a false recognition concerning the actuator operation direction is prevented, such false recognition causing the valve phase to change in an undesirable direction, and even if the actuator operation direction is falsely recognized, the rate of change in the phase is restricted.

A radar device is realized in which an object and extraneous waves such as radar interference or white noise are distinguished and displayed in different display forms. Subtraction Flag Generator 6 determines the time-wise continuity and the planar consecutiveness of target echo data. The time-wise continuity is an amount that indicates the extent to which significant echo data continued to be present at the same position, and is obtained from the echo data of a past predetermined number of sweep rotations. Planar consecutiveness indicates the extent to which significant echo data is present around target echo data, and is obtained by acquiring in a planar fashion echo data for each of predetermined amounts in a distance direction and a heading direction, centered around the target echo data. When Subtraction Flag Generator 6 detects that there is either of time-wise continuity and planar consecutiveness, Subtraction Flag Generator 6 attaches a subtraction flag “1”. Subtraction Processor 9 sets a low attenuation amount for the data level when the subtraction flag is “1”, and sets a fast attenuation amount when the subtraction flag is “0”.

The present invention relates to methods for detecting the presence or amount of a target polynucleotide. A polynucleotide, target nucleic acid analog, and dye are combined to form a mixture. The optical property of the dye is observed after the mixture is exposed to a stimulating means. Optionally, after the stimulating means is employed, the mixture is compared to a reference value characteristic of the rate of change in the optical property of the dye in a similar mixture containing a known amount of a target polynucleotide / nucleic acid analog hybrid to determine a relative rate of change in the optical property. The change in a property of the mixture after exposure thereof to a stimulating means or the relative rate of change in the optical property of dye in the mixture is correlated with the presence or amount of the specified target polynucleotide in the sample.

A nonreducing dielectric ceramic contains a tungsten-bronze-type crystal phase including at least Ba, RE and Ti as elements, and a pyrochlore-type crystal phase including at least RE and Ti as elements, where RE is at least one rare-earth element. The relationship 0.10<=b / (a+b)<=0.90 is satisfied, where a is the maximum peak intensity assigned to the tungsten-bronze-type crystal phase and b is the maximum peak intensity assigned to the pyrochlore-type crystal phase determined by X-ray diffractometry. A ceramic electronic component includes an electronic component body composed of the nonreducing dielectric ceramic and a conductor in contact with the nonreducing dielectric ceramic.

A method, reader and computer program product for capturing two-dimensional codes presented in succession on a display apparatus, wherein the two-dimensional codes are captured by a plurality of shots from a camera and are decoded by an evaluation device. Here, a shooting rate of the camera for capturing the shots having the codes is higher than a rate of change of the presented codes, wherein in the event of a change of the presented code a subsequently presented code is presented having a changed orientation in relation to the respective previously presented code, and wherein before decoding a code from a shot the orientation of the code in the respective shot is respectively ascertained, where decoding is performed only when the captured code has an orientation that has changed in relation to the most recently successfully decoded code.

A resin composition comprising a synthetic resin and a powdered magnetic material, wherein (1) the powdered magnetic material is soft ferrite powder having a rate of permeability change by temperature ranging from -0.040 to 0.010% / ° C. in a temperature range of from 20° C. to 80° C. and an average particle diameter ranging from 2 to 1,000 mum, and (2) the powdered magnetic material is contained in a proportion of 50 to 1,400 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the synthetic resin, and a molded or formed product which is formed from the resin composition and exhibits a permeability stable to changes in environmental temperature.

In a motor vehicle including a power source, an accelerator pedal, a powershift transmission for producing a selected gear, first and second input shafts, a first input clutch for connecting the selected gear and the first input shaft to the power source, a second input clutch for connecting an alternate gear and the second input shaft to the power source, a method for controlling the transmission while the vehicle is coasting. Displacement of the accelerator pedal is monitored to identify a tip-out and a tip-in, and clutch slip is monitored. The first clutch is maintained in a stroked state following a tip-out and while clutch slip is less than a reference magnitude of clutch slip. When clutch slip exceeds the reference magnitude, the torque capacity of the first clutch is controlled in response to a driver demand torque. Engine torque is used to control clutch slip to the desired clutch slip and to produce a desired engine speed corresponding to the desired clutch slip.

The present invention relates to a basic function unit of voltage source converter, which is characterized in that the basic function unit includes a switching device function module, a by-pass function module, a switch protection function module, a secondary control and protection function module, and a energy storage unit. The secondary control and protection function module, the energy storage unit and the by-pass function module are all fixed on the motherboard, there is a slide rail at the bottom of the motherboard, the motherboard can move back and forth on the slide rail. The voltage source converter based on that unit is highly modular, insensitive to switch device parameters, lower output voltage change rate, and smaller dv / dt stress of equipment, smaller noise, without filter, convenient installation and maintenance.

The present invention discloses a high strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yarn used as industrial yarns and a process or producing the same. The strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yarn has a thermal relaxation stress change ratio of 5 to 100% and a thermal relaxation stress area ratio of 50 to 140% on a thermal relaxation and shrinkage stress curve with a final temperature set to 170% C. The process for producing a high strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yam by a direct spin draw (DSD) process in which a quenching delay region I is mounted, wherein the high strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yarn is produced in such methods that a spinning oil is attached to the yarn being spun with an oiling apparatus 8 mounted at the position 500 to 1,500 mm below from the lower bottom surface of the insulating board 3, the relaxation stress of the yarn is controlled with one or tow tension guides 9 mounted between Godet rollers of a relaxation region III, or both oiling apparatus 8 and tension guides 9 are mounted.

The invention discloses an alumina spinel brick, which comprises the following components of: by weight, 8-12 parts of high-purity brown fused alumina particles of 3-5mm, 30-35 parts of high-purity brown fused alumina particles of 1-3mm, 15-20 parts of fused white corundum particles of less than or equal to 1mm, 10-13 parts of fused white corundum fine powder, 15-18 parts of fused spinel mixed fine powder, 10-12 parts of a composite binder and 4.5-5.4 parts of water. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the above alumina spinel brick. The alumina spinel brick provided by the invention has high refractoriness and high temperature flexural strength, and simultaneously has excellent characteristics such as good thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance, penetration resistance, anti-stripping performance, low linear change rate and the like, and is especially suitable for petrochemical industrial waste liquid, exhaust gas incinerator, rotary kiln industrial waste incinerator and fusion incinerator inner liner. The manufacturing process is simple and easy to realize.

A soft-start circuit generates a soft-start voltage Vss having a voltage level that rises over time. A pulse width modulator generates a PWM signal having a duty ratio adjusted such that a feedback voltage Vout′ that corresponds to the output voltage Vout of the switching power supply matches the soft-start voltage Vss. A driver circuit controls a switching element according to the PWM signal. A capacitor is arranged such that one terminal thereof is set to a fixed electric potential. A current source generates a charge current that flows intermittently in synchronization with the PWM signal so as to charge the capacitor. The soft-start circuit outputs, as the soft-start voltage Vss, a voltage that occurs at the capacitor.

A radar device is realized in which an object and extraneous waves such as radar interference or white noise are distinguished and displayed in different display forms. Subtraction Flag Generator 6 determines the time-wise continuity and the planar consecutiveness of target echo data. The time-wise continuity is an amount that indicates the extent to which significant echo data continued to be present at the same position, and is obtained from the echo data of a past predetermined number of sweep rotations. Planar consecutiveness indicates the extent to which significant echo data is present around target echo data, and is obtained by acquiring in a planar fashion echo data for each of predetermined amounts in a distance direction and a heading direction, centered around the target echo data. When Subtraction Flag Generator 6 detects that there is either of time-wise continuity and planar consecutiveness, Subtraction Flag Generator 6 attaches a subtraction flag “1”. Subtraction Processor 9 sets a low attenuation amount for the data level when the subtraction flag is “1”, and sets a fast attenuation amount when the subtraction flag is “0”.

The present invention relates to methods for detecting the presence or amount of a target polynucleotide. A polynucleotide, target nucleic acid analog, and dye are combined to form a mixture. The optical property of the dye is observed after the mixture is exposed to a stimulating means. Optionally, after the stimulating means is employed, the mixture is compared to a reference value characteristic of the rate of change in the optical property of the dye in a similar mixture containing a known amount of a target polynucleotide / nucleic acid analog hybrid to determine a relative rate of change in the optical property. The change in a property of the mixture after exposure thereof to a stimulating means or the relative rate of change in the optical property of dye in the mixture is correlated with the presence or amount of the specified target polynucleotide in the sample.

An ECU transmits a pulsed operation command signal, indicating operation commands for an electric motor used as a VVT actuator, to an electric-motor EDU. The electric-motor EDU recognizes the combination of the direction in which the actuator should be operated (actuator operation direction) and the control mode based on the duty ratio of the operation command signal, and the rotational speed command value based on the frequency of the operation command signal. The electric-motor EDU controls the electric motor according to the control commands. The duty ratio indicating the combination is set such that even if the duty ratio is falsely recognized, a false recognition concerning the actuator operation direction is prevented, such false recognition causing the valve phase to change in an undesirable direction, and even if the actuator operation direction is falsely recognized, the rate of change in the phase is restricted.

The present invention discloses a high strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yarn used as industrial yarns and a process or producing the same. The strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yarn has a thermal relaxation stress change ratio of 5 to 100% and a thermal relaxation stress area ratio of 50 to 140% on a thermal relaxation and shrinkage stress curve with a final temperature set to 170% C. The process for producing a high strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yam by a direct spin draw (DSD) process in which a quenching delay region I is mounted, wherein the high strength low shrinkage polyester drawn yarn is produced in such methods that a spinning oil is attached to the yarn being spun with an oiling apparatus 8 mounted at the position 500 to 1,500 mm below from the lower bottom surface of the insulating board 3, the relaxation stress of the yarn is controlled with one or tow tension guides 9 mounted between Godet rollers of a relaxation region III, or both oiling apparatus 8 and tension guides 9 are mounted.

A control apparatus for a vehicle drive-force transmitting apparatus including a gear mechanism and a continuously-variable transmission mechanism and defining first and second drive-force transmitting paths. When the continuously-variable transmission mechanism is in a failure state in which an actual gear ratio of the continuously-variable transmission mechanism is not the highest gear ratio as a target gear ratio, the control apparatus sets the target gear ratio to a transient target gear ratio that is gradually changed toward the highest gear ratio, for causing the actual gear ratio to be gradually changed toward the highest gear ratio. A rate of change of the transient target gear ratio is higher in a state in which a drive force is transmitted through the first drive-force transmitting path by the gear mechanism, than in a state in which the drive force is transmitted through the second drive-force transmitting path by the continuously-variable transmission mechanism.

A user interface element includes a display area configured to display a value, an increment button configured to increment the displayed value, a decrement button configured to decrement the displayed value, and a slider configured to allow a user to rapidly increase or decrease the displayed value by sliding a finger across the slider.

A polycarbonate resin which is reduced in the change of hygroscopic-expansion coefficient with changing environ-mental humidity, is inhibited from warping, and is suitable for use as an optical material is provided with excellent productivity. The polycarbonate resin is obtained by reacting an aromatic dihydric phenol compound (2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, etc.), a compound forming a carbonic ester (phosgene, etc.), and a chain terminator represented by the following general formula (A) (dodecyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, etc.). [Chemical formula 1] (A) (In the formula (A), n is an integer of 10-20.)

A transparent conductive film comprising: an organic polymer film substrate; an Al2O3 thin film formed on the organic polymer film substrate; and a ZnO-based thin film that is formed on the Al2O3 thin film and comprises ZnO doped with at least one of Ga and Al. The transparent conductive film has a low resistance value, even when the thickness of the ZnO-based thin film is reduced (particularly to about 150 nm or less), and shows a low rate of resistance change even in a hot and humid environment.

A driving device capable of multidimensional positioning by the single device has a shaft-like driving member 4, an electromechanical transducer 3 which has a plurality of expandable portions 11, 12 and which holds one end of the driving member 4, the expandable portions being provided in parallel so that each of the expandable portions can separately expands and contracts in a axial direction of the driving member 4, and a movable member 5 which frictionally engages on the driving member 4 and which can displace slidingly on the driving member 4, and a drive circuit which applies to some of the expandable portions 11, 12 a low change rate of direct-current voltage component different from that applied to other expandable portions 11, 12, and which applies to all the expandable portions 11, 12 a common alternating voltage component fluctuating with a common period.

A control apparatus for a vehicle having a step-variable transmission. The control apparatus includes: a shift control portion to temporarily increase an input torque of the step-variable transmission beyond a required value, the shift control portion commanding an engaging-side coupling device which is the coupling device placed in a released state, to be brought into an engaged state, when the input speed has been raised to a predetermined value; and a torque increasing amount setting portion to set an amount of increase of the input torque of the step-variable transmission beyond the required value, such that the amount of increase is smaller when a rate of change of a running speed of the vehicle is relatively low than when the rate of change is relatively high, the rate of change of the running speed having a negative value in a decelerating state of the vehicle.

A driving device capable of multidimensional positioning by the single device has a shaft-like driving member 4, an electromechanical transducer 3 which has a plurality of expandable portions 11, 12 and which holds one end of the driving member 4, the expandable portions being provided in parallel so that each of the expandable portions can separately expands and contracts in a axial direction of the driving member 4, and a movable member 5 which frictionally engages on the driving member 4 and which can displace slidingly on the driving member 4, and a drive circuit which applies to some of the expandable portions 11, 12 a low change rate of direct-current voltage component different from that applied to other expandable portions 11, 12, and which applies to all the expandable portions 11, 12 a common alternating voltage component fluctuating with a common period.

A user interface element includes a display area configured to display a value, an increment button configured to increment the displayed value, a decrement button configured to decrement the displayed value, and a slider configured to allow a user to rapidly increase or decrease the displayed value by sliding a finger across the slider.