459 results about "As element" patented technology

A system and method specify a custom document as a constraint satisfaction problem to create the specified document using existing constraint solving algorithms wherein the document, its content components, and its layout requirements as elements of a constraint satisfaction problem which when solved, results in an automated document layout for the set of content components. The system and method enables an automated custom document creation process, providing a wider array of output documents.

An in-memory storage manager represents XML-compliant documents as a collection of objects in memory. The collection of objects allows the storage manager to manipulate the document, or parts of the document with a consistent interface and to provide for features that are not available in conventional XML documents, such as element attributes with types other than text and documents that contain binary rather than text information. In addition, in the storage manager, the XML-compliant document is associated with a schema document which defines the arrangement of the document elements and attributes. The schema data associated with a document can contain a mapping between document elements and program code to be associated with each element. The storage manager further has methods for retrieving the code from the element tag. The retrieved code can then be invoked using attributes and content from the associated element and the element then acts like a conventional object. Further, the storage manager allows real-time access by separate process operating in different contexts. The objects that are used to represent the document are constructed from common code found locally in each process. In addition, the data in the objects is also stored in memory local to each process. The local memories are synchronized by means of a distributed memory system that continually equates the data copies of the same element in different processes. Client-specified collections are managed by a separate collection manager. The collection manager maintains a data structure called a “waffle” that represents the XML data structures in tabular form. A record set engine that is driven by user commands propagates a set of updates for a collection to the collection manager. Based on those updates, the collection manager updates index structures and may notify waffle users via the notification system.

A method to increase diversity in MIMO fading channels interleaves coordinates of complex symbol(s) in a transmission frame after encoding and modulating. Specifically, an input signal is encoded and modulated into a codeword, jointly across at least two pipes, said pipes having space, time, frequency, or other nature, wherein the codeword spans a frame and is defined as at least one complex symbol whose complex values are all those to be transmitted during all channel uses covered by the frame. Each of the complex symbols have a first and second coordinate. After modulating, which may be combined with encoding in a signal space encoder, the coordinates are interleaved. In modulation, the complex symbols (typically two dimensional) may arise as elements of a multidimensional (typically greater than two dimensions) signal constellation, in which case those multidimensional constellation coordinates are the ones that are interleaved in the frame. The frame carrying the interleaved coordinates is transmitted by the first and at least second antennas, possible opposed sub-frames of the overall frame being transmitted separately by opposed antennas. A coset selector is used in some embodiments to maximize a minimum Hamming distance, and / or a minimum Euclidean distance, between coordinates within a coset to control diversity and / or coding gain. In some embodiments, the operation of the encoder and modulator is such as to maximize a minimum coordinate-wise Hamming distance, and / or a minimum Euclidean distance, between allowable codewords, and / or to provide additional structure for the allowable codewords. A method, transmitter, system, and mobile station are described.

The invention provides devices, device configurations and methods for improved sensitivity, detection level and efficiency in mass spectrometry particularly as applied to biological molecules, including biological polymers, such as proteins and nucleic acids. In one aspect, the invention relates to charged droplet sources and their use as ion sources and as components in ion sources. In another aspect, the invention relates to charged droplet traps and their use as ion sources and as elements of ion sources. Further, the invention relates to the use of aerodynamic lenses for high efficiency ion transport to a charge particle analyzer, particularly a mass analyzer. Devices of this invention allow mass spectral analysis of a single charged droplet. The ion sources of this invention can be combined with any charge particle detector or mass analyzer, but are a particularly benefit when used in combination with a time of flight mass spectrometer.