The invention discloses a polishing device of new energy car sheet metal parts and a work method of the polishing device. The polishing device comprises a bearing base, a supporting base fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bearing base, a conveying shell fixedly connected to the supporting base, a polishing assembly arranged on the inner side of the supporting base and a conveying assembly used for conveying the sheet metal parts. The device is large in polishing range, good in polishing effect, capable of carrying out in-batch polishing on the sheet metal parts and high in work efficiency; the sheet metal parts can be put in batches, manual repeated carrying is not needed, and labor intensity of a worker is reduced; a first pressing plate is arranged above the conveying belt andpresses the sheet metal parts, equipment clamping caused by stacking of the sheet metal parts is avoided, the device is stable and reliable, ingenious in design, and capable of meeting use needs; aninclined plate is arranged on the inner side of the bearing base, a waste outlet is formed in the side face of the bearing base, discharging of fragments after polishing is facilitated, cleanliness inside the device is ensured, and the service life of the device is ensured.