1030results about How to "Increase kinetic energy" patented technology

A combustion chamber assembly for use in a diesel engine includes a combustion chamber being defined intersecting a crown of a piston, the combustion chamber being defined by a first curved surface having a reentrancy formed proximate a first curved surface first end and having a post formed proximate a first curved surface second end, a corner being formed at a juncture of the first curved surface second end and the post, adjacent surfaces being direct smooth junctures. A piston and a method of forming a combustion chamber are further included.

A mixing element has a grid which includes a plurality of rows parallel to each other and a plurality of deflector elements which project from the grid and are inclined in relation to the grid plane normal. All deflector elements of one row are inclined in the same direction. The deflector elements of at least two immediately adjacent first rows are inclined in the same direction. The mixing element is used in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.

A particle-beam exposure apparatus (1) for irradiating a target (41) by means of a beam (2) of energetic electrically charged particles comprises: an illumination system (101) for generating and forming said particles into a directed beam (21); a pattern definition means (102) located after the illumination system for positioning a pattern of apertures transparent to the particles in the path of the directed beam, thus forming a patterned beam (22) emerging from the pattern definition means through the apertures; and a projection system (103) positioned after the pattern definition means (102) for projecting the patterned beam (22) onto a target (41) positioned after the projection system. The apparatus further comprises an acceleration/ deceleration means (32) containing an electric potential gradient which is oriented substantially parallel to the path of the structured beam and constant over at least a cross-section of the beam.

An ion source for a mass spectrometer and a method of ionizing a sample are disclosed. A droplet generator is configured to emit a stream of analyte droplets, which are ionized upon impact with a target, thus forming an ion stream. Preferably, the droplets have a diameter that is greater than a preset value to increase the kinetic energy of the droplets. Additionally, the droplet generator can be configured to create a gas flow that increases the kinetic energy of the droplets. In one embodiment, the target is positioned upstream of an inlet of a mass spectrometer so that the ion stream enters the inlet. In another preferred embodiment, the target is positioned downstream of the inlet so that the stream of droplets passes through the inlet of the mass spectrometer, and the inlet is provided with a pressure drop that increases the kinetic energy of the droplets.

A specially arranged vacuum loader and industrial dust collector with a perforated plate tangential cyclone separator with angular perforations is provided to efficiently remove, readily collect, effectively separate and safely dispose of wet, dry and fibrous materials, including liquids and slurries. The special vacuum loader and industrial dust collector has a solids-gas separation compartment comprising a tangential cyclone separator, preferably a perforated plate tangential separator with angular perforations, which is positioned generally alongside and laterally offset from one or more filtering compartments to minimize turbulence and re-entrainment of the collected particulate material.

A method and apparatus for manipulating ions using a two-dimensional substantially quadrupole field, and a method of manufacturing and operating an apparatus for manipulating ions using a two-dimensional substantially quadrupole field are described. The field has a quadrupole harmonic with amplitude A₂ and a hexapole harmonic with amplitude A₃. The amplitude A₃ of the hexapole component of the field is selected to improve the performance of the field with respect to ion selection and ion fragmentation.

System and method for charged particle beam. According an embodiment, the present invention provides a charged particle beam apparatus. The apparatus includes a charged particle source for generating a primary charged particle beam. The apparatus also includes at least one condenser lens for pre-focusing the primary charge particle beam. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a compound objective lens for forming the magnetic field and the electrostatic field to focus the primary charged particle beam onto a specimen in the charged particle beam path. The specimen includes a specimen surface. The compound objective lens includes a conical magnetic lens, an immersion magnetic lens, and an electrostatic lens, the conical magnetic lens including an upper pole piece, a shared pole piece being electrically insulated from the upper pole piece, and an excitation coil.

A semiconductor device for measuring ultra low currents down to the level of single electrons or low voltages comprises a first and a second voltage supply terminal, an input terminal for receiving an electrical current or being supplied with a voltage to be measured, a bipolar transistor having a base, an emitter and a collector, wherein a first PN junction is formed between the base and the collector and a second PN junction is formed between the base and the emitter, wherein the emitter is coupled to the input terminal and the base is coupled to the second voltage supply terminal, and wherein the first PN junction is designed for reverse biased operation as an avalanche diode, and a quenching and recharging circuit having a first terminal coupled to the first voltage supply terminal and a second terminal coupled to the collector of the bipolar transistors, the quenching and recharging circuit permitting operation of the first PN junction reverse biased above the breakdown voltage of the first PN junction.

A pulsed detonation gun, according to one embodiment, has a first section into which a detonable mixture is injected and a second section into which a coating precursor is injected. A detonable or reactive mixture is formed and ignited in the first section, and the detonation or reaction products expand through the first section and into the second section into contact with the coating precursor. Detonation products containing the coating precursor are discharged through an outlet and contacted with a substrate to produce a coating. The device is particularly useful for coating the inside surfaces of small-diameter tubes and a variety of other difficult-to-reach substrate surfaces.

The invention relates to a long-distance dense-phase conveying system provided with an assistant blowing device and a method thereof. The conveying system comprises an air control apparatus formed by an air compressor, an air storage tank and a system control apparatus; a material storage bin and an on-line sub-bin which are formed by a material tank, a bin controller and a solid-air separator; a sending tank; a fluidization conveyor formed by a streamline casing, a guiding clapboard and an air inlet; a tube liner provided with air inlets arranged by an outer conveying pipe according to subsections and a dense-phase conveying pipeline formed by the assistant blowing device . The tube liner is fixedly connected with the inner upper wall of the outer conveying pipe; the assistant blowing device is fixedly connected and communicated with the outer pipe and tube liner. The dense-phase conveying method comprising the following steps: materials enters the sending tank from the material storage bin and then enters the dense-phase conveying pipeline through the fluidization conveyor and under the effect of compressed air to form a series of material plugs flowing in the conveying pipeline and finally the material reaches the sub-bin for processing and manufacturing. The invention has the advantages that the energy cost is low; the damage to material during the conveying process is less; the wearing to pipeline can be reduced; and the service life is long.

The invention provides devices and methods to fabricate nanoparticles by reverse micelle method. The method allows to fabricate a myriad of high quality nanoparticles in a repeatable way. These nanoparticles include multilayered spherical and rod like particles that may have inorganic, organic, polymeric, biological layers. The invention further provides methods to optimize the quality of the nanoparticles.

The present invention provides an atomizer for producing finely dispersed spray of slurry/liquid and a process for the preparation of free flowing spray dried alumina powder. The jet-wheel impact atomizer based on the principle of addition of momenta has been invented and developed for spray drying. The atomizer works at significantly low slurry/liquid pressure (1-5 bar) and relatively lower speed (6000-14000 rpm). It saves a considerable amount of energy in view of above two advantages. Suspended solid in liquid is used as the feed slurry which is ejected from a nozzle in the form of a jet to hit against the toothed surface of a rotating wheel to cause atomization. The sprayed droplets are dried inside an associated drying chamber and collected through a screw conveyor at the bottom of the chamber. The feed solid at slurry stage is taken in the form of powder and includes ceramic, inorganic and organic compounds, food, drugs and Ayurvedic products. The liquid carrier includes water, aqueous, non aqueous inorganic and organic liquid, and precursor sol. Spheroidal/rounded grain spray dried powders are produced by the new type of atomization process.