The invention relates to a rapid start method for an integrated autotrophic denitrification system and belongs to the technical field of treatment of sewage with high ammonia nitrogen. An SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) is inoculated with short-cut nitrification sludge and anammox sludge according to the mass ratio of (1: 3) to (1: 1), and the concentration of mixed sludge is 3,000mg / L to 4,000mg / L. The dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 0.3mg / L to 0.5mg / L by adopting an intermittent aeration operating mode, and the accumulation amount of nitrite nitrogen at the end of aeration is 20mg / L to 30mg / L; in each cycle, three aeration and hypoxic stages are set at intervals; each cycle has six stages, i.e., water inlet, aeration / hypoxic reaction, stirred degassing, precipitating, water outlet and standing. In a starting process, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is controlled unchanged, the balance of supply and consumption of nitrite nitrogen is maintained through a method of stagewise prolonging aeration stage time and shortening hypoxic stage time, and the rapid increase of denitrification load is achieved. When the initial ammonia nitrogen concentration in the reactor reaches 300mg / L, the balance of supply and consumption of nitrite nitrogen is maintained by means of shortening the hypoxic stage time. According to the method, the starting speed is high, the total-nitrogen removal load is high, and the operation is stable.