49results about How to "High coefficient" patented technology

An acoustic wave sensor to detect an analyte, the sensor comprising a piezoelectric material including a wide bandgap semiconductor material grown using plasma source molecular beam epitaxy.

In a method for the production of carbon dioxide, an oxygen-containing first process gas is flowed along a cathode side of a first oxygen selective ion transport membrane. The membrane is at operating conditions effective to transport a first permeate oxygen portion from the cathode side to an opposite anode side. A carbon-containing second process gas is flowed along the anode side at a flow rate effective to provide a stoichiometric surplus of oxygen on combination with the first permeate oxygen portion. A first mixture of a second process gas and the first permeate oxygen portion is combusted such that substantially all of the second process gas is converted into a second mixture of water and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is separated from such second mixture.

A miniature quantum well thermoelectric device. The device includes a number of quantum well n-legs and a number of quantum well p-legs. Each of the p-legs are alternately electrically connected in series with each of the n-legs at locations that are thermal communication with a cold side and a hot side. The device can be adapted to function as a cooler and it can be adapted to function as an electric power generator. In a preferred embodiment the p-legs and said n-legs are configured generally radially between the hot side and the cold side. In this preferred embodiments each of the n-legs has at least 600 n-type layers with each n-type layer separated from other n-type layers by an insulating layer and each of the p-legs has at least 600 p-type layers with each p-type layer separated from other p-type layers by an insulating layer.

An object of the present invention is to provide a metal-based carbon fiber composite material that exhibits an improved thermal expansion coefficient and an improved thermal conductivity, and is smaller in weight. The metal-based carbon fiber composite material of the present invention comprises a metal and a carbon fiber comprising a micron carbon fiber and a nanofiber; the composite material having a first surface; the micron-size carbon fiber being oriented in one direction parallel to the first surface of the composite material, and being continuous from one end to the other end; at least 80% of the nanofiber being oriented at an angle within 30° with respect to the first surface; and the nano-size carbon fiber being oriented randomly in a plane parallel to the first surface. In the metal-based carbon fiber composite material, a surface region thereof may comprise a smaller amount of the micron carbon fiber than that in another region, or comprise no micron carbon fiber; and the nanofiber may have an orientation parallel to the surface of the composite material. The present invention provides a method for producing these composite materials.

A rechargeable lithium cell comprising: (a) an anode; (b) a cathode comprising a hybrid cathode active material composed of a graphene material and a phthalocyanine compound, wherein the graphene material is in an amount of from 0.1% to 99% by weight based on the total weight of the graphene material and the phthalocyanine compound combined; and (c) a porous separator disposed between the anode and the cathode and electrolyte in ionic contact with the anode and the cathode. This secondary cell exhibits a long cycle life and the best cathode specific capacity and best cell-level specific energy of all rechargeable lithium-ion cells ever reported.

A repair assembly is provided for repairing a pipe that in one embodiment includes a layer of thermoplastic material substantially surrounding the pipe in an area needing repair; a heating element located to provide heat to the layer of thermoplastic material; and an overpress at least partially surrounding the pipe and the layer of thermoplastic material. The layer of thermoplastic material may be configured as a sleeve surrounding the pipe, and the sleeve may be configured in two semicylindrical halves with longitudinal seams where the semicylindrical halves meet. The seams extend generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of the pipe, and the sleeve may further include outwardly extending flanges along the edges of the semicylindrical halves at the seams.

Provided is an energy harvesting device using pyroelectric materials. The energy harvesting device includes a first heat source; a second heat source having a temperature higher than a temperature of the first heat source; and a cantilever which is interposed between the first heat source and the second heat source, the cantilever including a first film formed of a pyroelectric material and a second film, where the first film is disposed on the second film and a thermal expansion coefficient of the second film is different from that of the pyroelectric material of the first film. Electric energy is generated by periodically changing a temperature within the first film.

A multilayer semiconductor scintillator is disclosed for detection, energy quantification, and determination to source of high-energy radiation, such as gamma or X-ray photons or other particles that produce ionizing interaction in semiconductors. The basic embodiment of the inventive detector comprises a multiplicity of stacked direct-gap compound semiconductor wafers, such as InP and GaAs, each wafer heavily doped n-type so as to maximize its transparency to scintillating radiation. Each wafer is further endowed with surface means for detection of said scintillating radiation, such a hetero-epitaxial p-i-n photodiode. In a preferred embodiment, the photodiode layer in each wafer is pixellated so as to provide the x and y coordinates of an ionizing interaction event. Combined with the z coordinate provided by the wafer index in the stack, the inventive detector yields the three-dimensional coordinates of each ionizing interaction event associated with absorption of an individual quantum of high-energy radiation. This three-dimensional information enables a further disclosed advantageous analysis method that is suitable for rapid identification of radioactive isotopes and determination of the direction to the source of radiation.

This monochromatic X-ray source comprises a target in particular made from a material incorporating emitting ions comprising an element, the said atoms being excited by electron bombardment, essentially by the electrons located on the K layers of the said atoms. The target material is generally in the solid state and it is held together by means of structuring atoms representing one or more elements and bound to the emitting atoms, the said structuring atoms having an absorption coefficient equal to or lower than 2.3 μm−1 for the X-rays emitted by the emitting atoms.

A method and apparatus for heating glass, in which glass (4) is heated upon rollers (3) in a tempering furnace (1) from above and below of the glass (4). At least the upper surface of the glass (4) is heated with hot air jets directed substantially perpendicularly relative to the surface of the glass (4). The air jets have been provided by sucking air mainly from the inside of the furnace and by pressurizing the air taken from the inside of the tempering furnace (1) to an overpressure of over 0.1 bar relative to the pressure in the tempering furnace (1).

An ellipsometer capable of generating a small beam spot is disclosed. The ellipsometer includes a light source for generating a narrow bandwidth probe beam. An analyzer is provided for determining the change in polarization state of the probe beam after interaction with the sample. A lens is provided having a numerical aperture and focal length sufficient to focus the beam to a diameter of less than 20 microns on the sample surface. The lens is formed from a graded index glass wherein the index of refraction varies along its optical axis. The lens is held in a relatively stress free mount to reduce stress birefringence created in the lens due to changes in ambient temperature. The ellipsometer is capable of measuring features on semiconductors having a dimensions as small as 50×50 microns.

The present subject matter relates to methods and systems for operating a wind turbine that, in some embodiments may include a gearbox. The wind turbine is provided with a blade having an adjustable pitch angle and the tip speed ratio (TSR) of the blade is monitored. In operation, the method and system is configured to increase the pitch angle of the blade concurrently with an increase in TSR to maintain turbine operation within an identified high power coefficient (Cp) operational region for the blade. TSR may be monitored by monitoring one of the velocity of the tip of the blade, wind speed, the rotational speed of the blade, or the rotational speed of a component within the gearbox.

A heat pump apparatus includes: a refrigerant circuit which includes a compressor, an utilization-side heat exchanger, a first expansion valve, and an outdoor heat exchanger; an injection pipe which includes a solenoid switching valve and a second expansion valve; and an objective supercooling degree table which stores objective supercooling degrees according to condensing pressure in the refrigerant circuit and rotation number of the compressor. In the heat pump apparatus, liquid refrigerant is injected to the compressor by way of the injection pipe. The heat pump apparatus switches between a first case where the liquid refrigerant is injected to the compressor and a second case where the liquid refrigerant is not injected, and a value of the objective supercooling degree is changed between the first case and the second case to control the first expansion valve based on the value of the objective supercooling degree.

In order to provide a thermoelectric conversion element which has a high Seebeck coefficient, a low thermal conductivity, and a high performance, even if the material system that has a low environmental load and can reduce the cost is used, the thermoelectric conversion element in which lattice points are classified into two or more kinds (A site and B site), lattices of which the kinds are different are connected to each other, the numbers of lattices of which the kinds are different are different (A site: 2, and B site: 1), and a lattice structure is configured by arranging nanoparticles or semiconductor quantum dots, includes areas of which conductivity types are different.

A film edge sealing device is disclosed herein which has a groove defining a base. The base of the groove of the edge sealing device is oriented at a skewed angle with respect to a longitudinal direction of the conveyor of the heat sealing machine. Edges of a thermoplastic sheet or two stacked layers of thermoplastic sheets are introduced into the groove of the edge sealing device and placed in contact therewith to both heat and melt the edges of the thermoplastic sheet(s) to form a bead and join the edges thereof to form an edge bead seal.

A spin valve sensor in a read head has a spacer layer which is located between a self-pinned AP pinned layer structure and a free layer structure. The free layer structure is longitudinally stabilized by first and second hard bias layers which abut first and second side surfaces of the spin valve sensor. The AP pinned layer structure has an antiparallel coupling layer (APC) which is located between first and second AP pinned layers (AP1) and (AP2). The invention employs a resetting process for setting of the magnetic moments of the AP pinned layers by applying a field at an acute angle to the head surface in a plane parallel to the major planes of the layers of the sensor. The resetting process sets a proper polarity of each AP pinned layer, which polarity conforms to processing circuitry employed with the spin valve sensor.