The invention relates to a preparation method of a thin-wall tubular product of a particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material, which comprises the steps of: 1, preparing a tube blank by adopting a mixing and casting process and a powder metallurgy process; 2, homogenizing the tube blank, turning and stripping, carrying out a high-temperature compression deformation test to obtain a suitable processing deformation condition; 3, spinning the tube blank for finite element number value simulation, optimizing process parameters, and thermally spinning and warmly spinning; and 4, carrying out solution treatment on the obtained tubular product, and ageing after water hardening at room temperature. The tubular product prepared by the invention has larger diameter wall thickness ratio, smooth internal surface and outer surface without defects, uniform wall thickness and better interface combination between reinforced particles and a base body of the thin-wall tubular product. The method has short procedure, labor saving of the processing mode, energy saving and environmental protection, simple process, low raw material cost, suitability for large-scale production and better popularization value, and can be widely applied to the preparation of high-strength light tubular products in the fields of aerospace, vehicles, advanced weapons and the like.