The invention provides aerosol particle monitoring equipment. The aerosol particle monitoring equipment comprises an air inlet pipe, an optical detection chamber, air outlet pipe and an air pump, an excitation light source, a polarize used for polarizing the fluorescence excitation light beam into horizontal polarized light, an extinction trap used for absorbing the excitation light beam, a firstcollimating mirror, a polarization beam splitter used for splitting the Mie scattering light signal into a horizontal polarization component signal and a vertical polarization component signal, a first photoelectric detector used for detecting the vertical polarization component signal, a second photoelectric detector used for detecting the horizontal polarization component signal, and a third photoelectric detector used for detecting a fluorescence signal. The aerosol particle monitoring equipment can simultaneously carry out mie scattering signal detection, fluorescence signal detection anddepolarization degree detection, can simultaneously measure the particle diameter, judge whether the particles are biological aerosol particles or not, analyze the shape characteristics of the particles, accurately distinguish the types of the aerosol particles and effectively eliminate interference signals.