The invention discloses an antimicrobial mothproofing agent for silk fabrics, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-14 parts of sandalwood powder, 5-8 parts of pomegranate rind powder, 5-8 parts of beeswax, 2-8 parts of potassium xylenesulfonate, 5-8 parts of urea, 6-8 parts of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether sodium sulfate, 5-10 parts of lactose, 5-8 parts of starch, 15-18 parts of ethanol, 5-8 parts of nickel N,N-di-n-butyldithiocarbamate and 11-15 parts of fatty alcohol polyethenoxy ether. The antimicrobial mothproofing agent has favorable antimicrobial and mothproof effects; the finished fabric has favorable washing fastness and soft feeling; and the preparation technique is simple, is nontoxic and harmless to the human body, and can not destroy the cocoon fibers in the silk fabric.