The present invention discloses a normal average value based bridge damage recognition method. The specific recognition is partitioned into eight steps of: selecting a bridge to be monitored, performing
structure analysis on the bridge, and determining a monitoring item; performing
layout of monitoring points, wherein
layout contents comprise monitoring point codes, corresponding sensor types, and spatial three-dimensional coordinates; according to a
layout scheme of the monitoring points, acquiring a stress, deformation, displacement,
cable tension and
modal data of each monitoring point for more than one year; according to an average value mu and standard deviation sigma of a statistic result, establishing a normal average value model of
monitoring data corresponding to each monitoring point; and after establishing the normal average value model of different
monitoring data of each monitoring point, according to position information and the spatial three-dimensional coordinates of each monitoring point, finding a damaged structure and a damaged position so as to facilitate
bridge maintenance management personnel to perform maintenance and repair work, thereby ensuring security operation of a bridge. The normal average value based bridge damage recognition method provided by the present invention provides a corresponding determination condition for a bridge management and maintenance unit on bridge damage diagnosis and
maintenance management, and has importance significance for development of a bridge health
monitoring system.