168 results about "Main stem" patented technology

The invention discloses a grafting method for a kiwi tree, comprising the following steps: the trunk of a kiwi tree with the tree age more than 5 years is sawn off in the period of the end of November and the middle of December of the first year, the kiwi tree grows to the middle of the second year, the trunk of the kiwi tree is sawn off to reach the height of 100-120 cm, scions from a robust kiwi tree are selected and grafted onto the kiwi tree with the sawn-off trunk, grafting incisions are bandaged, and the grafting is finished. Through the grafting method, the disadvantage that a main stem branch is poor in renewability existing in the grafting of kiwi trees with the tree age more than 5 years is solved, the replacement pace of tree spices is accelerated, the trees are quick in recovering growth vigor, the diseases are less, and the fruiting capacity of cultured branch groups is strong.

The invention discloses an ecological restoration method for a municipal eutrophicated river. The method comprises the following steps: arranging a barring and controlling water level system at a barring and controlling water gate of the river; in the main stem of the river, piling cubic meters of earth obtained after desilting to form an along-river gentle slope and a river-center island, wherein a bank slope ratio is 1: 2.5 to 1: 5, and a shoal water zone and a deep and broad water zone are successively formed from a dam of the river to the center of the river; carrying out rock mound type and jack-like concrete block type bottom shape reconstruction on the slope surface of the along-river gentle slope; constructing embankment-zone aquatic plant zones at the river-center island and the along-river gentle slope having undergone bottom shape reconstruction and constructing a plant floating bed bio-zone in an along-river zone; and releasing filter-feeding and omnivore fish, shellfish and shrimps. With the restoration method provided by the invention, the water quality of the river is improved from class IV and V to class III or a higher class; biodiversity of a water area is increase by more than 2 times; the river has better capability in smooth regulation of water storage and flood discharge; and a water system has the further improved functions of underground water supplement, carbon immobilization, oxygen release, climate adjustment, water conservation, etc.

A red globe grape seedling raising method comprises the following steps of collection of cuttings: collecting branches which are trimmed in the winter, are pure in variety, have full buds, are mature and robust, do not have quarantine pests, and are 0.8-1.2 centimeters in thickness as cuttings, and using an electric heating line cutting forcing method; root cutting: forming holes in a seedbed by using a root cutting awl with the thickness of 2cm in the last ten-day of April, and slowly placing the treated cuttings in the holes; bud control: (a) trimming in winter: reserving a main stem by 1.6-1.9m, selecting branches which grow sufficiently, are high in maturity and do not have plant diseases or insect pests as final mother branches, and reserving 3-5 final mother branches per meter; and construction of a shed frame: using a T-shaped shed frame, pulling a first steel wire on each perpendicular concrete pole at a position distant from the ground by 1.2-1.4 meters, sleeving bags outside clusters one by one from the young fruit period to the fruit mature period in a grape growing process, sealing openings of the bags, and reserving air vents in bag bodies.

The invention provides a pruning, reshaping and yield-increasing method of kiwi fruit in a mountain land. The method comprises the following steps: shearing the tip of the main stem of the kiwi fruit so that two buds at the upper end are cultured to form main branches and tendrils which respectively grow along the two sides of a shed frame; shearing and removing unnecessary main branches and tendrils and binding the branches and tendrils in parallel at the end of the year; in the second year, leaving axillary buds at the even number positions of the main branches and tendrils to be used as fruiting mother branches in the same year, and eliminating the axillary buds at the odd number positions of the main branches and tendrils to be used as the fruiting mother branches in the next year; and after fruiting on the fruiting mother branches and harvesting, pruning the fruiting mother branches in the end of the same year so that new buds can grow in the next year and become growing branches, in such a way, alternatively culturing and pruning the axillary buds at the even and odd number positions and the fruiting mother branches, and culturing and pruning repeatedly and circularly annually. The method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that unnecessary branches are sheared and removed annually and abstemiously according to different positions and a planned way, the unnecessary axillary buds are eliminated, fruiting branches after harvesting are sheared and removed, the fruiting mother branches and the growing branches alternatively develop and mature annually, and nutrition substances in soil are concentrated to mainly be supplied to fruits, so that the yield per mu is improved.

The invention discloses an automatic detection method for a cotton five-euphylla period. The automatic detection method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting a single-row plant image of a cotton field after final singling and splitting the image into subimages of a cotton single plant; carrying out color division and crop image division to obtain cotton plant subimages after final singling; (2) detecting edges and a skeleton of the plant according all the cotton plant subimages to obtain plant main stems; (3) detecting plant primary side stems on the two sides of the positions of the main stems, taking the primary side stems which form an acute angle on the upper sides of the main stems in the images of the two sides as side stems; and (4) by taking the crossed points of the side stems and the main stems as nodes, determining that a cotton field enters the five-euphylla period when detecting that the quantity of the subimages of two or more than two nodes accounts for more than 50% of the quantity of the cotton plant subimages after final singling. The invention further provides a system for realizing the method. The automatic detection method has an accurate detection result and strong instantaneity; and the automatic observation is realized and the manpower is saved.

The invention relates to a seedling walnut bark tongue access grafting method, which comprises the following steps that prepared walnut scions are cut into horse ear shapes, and in addition, the lower ends are pinched open by hand, so that the xylem part is separated from the bark; the main stem smooth part is subjected to stem cutting, and old bars are cut away; the lower end xylem parts of the prepared scions are inserted under the barks of stocks, two full buds are reserved at the upper ends, and the lower end bark layers of the scions are combined with the new bark layers of the stocks subjected to the old bark removal; white areas are exposed around the scions so that the wounds can be heeled and the callus tissues can be formed; the wounds are tightly covered by mulching films, and then, the scions are fixed by plastic bags. After the stocks and the scions are fixed, the plastic bags sheath the scions from the upper ends to positions under the connectors, and the openings of the plastic bags are tightly tied for moisture preservation. A paper roll rolled by newspaper sheaths the outside of the plastic bags for shading sun-proof protection, the lower end is tied in, and the upper end is folded down. When the method provided by the invention is adopted, the walnut trees bear fruit 5 to 7 years earlier than the walnut trees cultured in a seedling way, the quality is good, the stable transfer of high quality and good variety features is ensured, and the problem of great lateral generation separation of seedlings can also be solved.

The invention relates to a Y-shaped fruit tree and a net rack for fixing branches of the same, and aims to provide a Y-shaped fruit tree which can receives sufficient sunlight and bears fruit with high yield and good quality, and has difficultly broken branches, and a net rack for fixing the branches of the same. The Y-shaped fruit tree has an upright main stem and is characterized in that the main stem has left-right forked main branches through shearing, and the main branches are distributed in a V shape. The net rack for fixing the Y-shaped fruit tree comprises an overhead netlike frame formed by longitudinal guy cables and transverse guy cables, wherein the longitudinal guy cables are intersected with the left-right forked main branches of the Y-shaped fruit tree, and the main branches are fixed with the longitudinal guy cables. The overhead net rack is supported by upright posts which are distributed in rectangular arrays and of which the bottoms are buried underground. The Y-shaped fruit tree and the net rack have the advantages that the Y-shaped fruit tree and the net rack are favorable to fruit tree growth, and have convenient labor management, reliable fixation of the fruit tree branches, and low use cost.

The invention relates to a method for inducing industrial pure female marihuana. Pins of a main stem and side branches of a female plant are sprayed twice with a silver thiosulfate (STS) solution by adopting a method so as to induce the female plant to generate male flower buds, the female plant is converted into monoecism, and set seeds after open pollination are industrial pure female marihuana seeds. The concentration of the STS solution is 0.2-2mmol / L and the solution is prepared by mixing AgNO3 and Na2S2O3 mother liquor according to the molar concentration of Ag<+> to S2O3<2-> of 1:4. Based on the situation that the industrial marihuana in China is dioecious, the chemical induction is carried out on the industrial marihuana in a special growing period to obtain an industrial pure female marihuana group. The method is easy to operate and low in cost, and has a relatively good application prospect in the aspects such as simplification of a hybrid seed production process of the industrial marihuana, development of selfing purification of the industrial marihuana, and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biotechnology and genetic engineering, and provides a gene LBA5 for regulating and controlling a lateral branch angle, growth habit and plant type of apeanut, and application thereof. A major gene LBA5 for controlling the lateral branch angle, growth habit and plant type of the peanut is located and cloned in the peanut, and comprises two homologousgenes LBA5b and LBA5a and promoters thereof; genetic improvement of an included angle between a lateral branch and a main stem of the peanut can be achieved through selection of gene allelic variation via hybridization, backcross and the like; the functions or expression quantity of the gene in a creeping variety peanut can be regulated so that the included angle between the lateral branch and the main stem of the peanut is regulated; and thus, the two homologous genes LBA5b and LBA5a and the promoters thereof of the gene LBA5 can be applied to the genetic improvement and genetic engineeringimprovement of the lateral branch angle, growth habit and plant type of the peanut, even other crops.

The invention discloses a China rose batch cultivating method. The cultivating method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) pretreatment of China rose branches; (2) cuttage; (3) fertilizer applying before transplanting; (4) transplanting for the first time; (5) stem fixing of a single seedling; (6) transplanting for the second time; (7) stem fixing; (8) maturing. The cultivating method has the advantages that the problems of multiple branches and short and small corolla of the original China rose are solved; after nutrient cultivating for long years, the flower season of China rose which is cultured by the method is longer, the diameter of the main stem and the width of the corolla are obviously increased, the main stem is upright, tall and straight, the flower petal is larger, multiple colors and shapes are realized, and the beautiful effect of the garden plants is enriched; the diversity of trees in the garden greening is increased; the cultivating method is simple, the learning is easy, the operation difficulty is low, and the cultivating method is favorable for being popularized and applied.

The invention discloses a method for restoring wet land and mud-flat soil polluted by high-concentration cesium. The method comprises the steps of transplanting 100 sections of subterraneous stems and roots of alternanthera philoxeroides for each square meter of wet land and mud-flat soil polluted, and keeping more than 80% of water holding capacity in soil fields; harvesting and intensively processing overground parts of the plants when the main stems are about 50cm; in harvesting, reserving 1-2 sections of stubbles so as to be beneficial to regeneration, and harvesting and intensively processing the plants again when the main stems of the seedlings are about 50cm; harvesting the plants for three times in one year, and harvesting for a plurality of years; and applying a compound fertilizer additionally in 15-20 days after the seedlings are transplanted or harvested. According to the method, the operation is simple, the management is convenient, the cost is low, and the restoring effect is good.

The invention discloses an extraction method of protoplast of barnyard grass. The extraction method includes the following steps: selecting barnyard grass seeds having same fullness and maturity, and directly sowing the seeds in a culture medium; cutting main stems and tender leaves on the main stems after 3-5 leaf stage of seedlings; wiping the main stems and tender leaves, cross-cutting the main stems and vertical-shredding the leaves along the main veins of the leaves into fine strips being 0.5-1.5 mm, and quickly and gently moving the fine strips into a 10 ml centrifugal tube containing an enzymolysis liquid until the fine strips, as a sample, are completely immersed in the enzymolysis liquid; performing vibrating enzymolysis for 3-6 h at 25 DEG C in a dark condition; and after enzymolysis, performing centrifugation and removing a supernatant, and collecting protoplast; and adding a washing liquid for re-suspension, performing centrifugation and removing a supernatant again to obtain a solution, i.e. a pure protoplast. The separation materials of the method are easy to obtain and the method has simple extraction operations. The method is large in number of separated protoplast, is high in yield, has good integrality and lays fundament for protoplast transfection and fusion.

The invention relates to a watershed water quality monitoring abnormal value detection method based on a spatial relationship. The method comprises detecting abnormal values of a single river channeland a non-single river channel, and is suitable for detecting point abnormality and set abnormal values in water quality monitoring data. For the single river channel, equidistant and dense data points are generated on a river section, and the flow direction of the river is judged by extracting the elevation values of the equidistant and dense points and combining the terrain around the equidistant and dense points; linear simulation is carried out on the data of the same water quality index in the same month by utilizing a least square method, and a set abnormal value is separated according to the slope of a simulation straight line; and a mean square error is calculated and a corresponding threshold value is set, and point anomaly judgment is carried out on the remaining data. For the non-single river channel, the water quality index values of the main stream and the branch stream are calculated at the intersection of the main stream and the branch stream by utilizing a one-dimensional water quality model, and the abnormal value detection of the non-single river channel is converted into the abnormal value detection of the single river channel through comparison. According to themethod, water quality abnormal value detection is carried out by utilizing the relationship among the spatial position of the water quality section, the terrain and the water system, so that point abnormality and set abnormality are separated, and the abnormal value detection accuracy is improved.

The invention discloses a method for simulating transportation and destination of pollutants in a karst underground river. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a pipeline model of the karst underground river, wherein the pipeline model comprises a main-stream pipeline, a plurality of branch-stream pipelines, a plurality of puddles, a plurality of main-stream pipeline water injection holes, a plurality of branch-stream pipeline water injection holes, a plurality of sampling monitoring holes and a pipeline water outlet; and throwing the pollutants into the pipeline model of the karst underground river by a pipeline, simulating the transportation behavior of the pollutants in the karst underground river and the puddles by utilizing the modern sampling detection and automatic detection, revealing the possible actions of convection, dispersion, adsorption, degradation and dilution and the like of the pollutants in the karst underground river, and explaining the destination of the pollutants. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the geological lithology and the hydraulic condition of the karst underground river are simulated, and the high-accuracy, high-density and multi-index automatic monitoring technologies are integrated, so that the method is beneficial to fast and intensive monitoring and multi-plan design in a laboratory and can be used for conducting research on transportation and destination of the pollutants in the karst underground river.

The invention belongs to the technical field of improvement and restoration of reservoir water ecology, and relates to a method for improving water temperature stratification characteristic of a channel reservoir tributary bay by internal wave. During a water temperature stratification period of the tributary bay, fluctuation is generated from letdown flow, and water level of a reservoir fluctuates, so that tide is formed at the estuary of the tributary bay. Tide type inflow and outflow are formed between the bay and a trunk reservoir and have shear effect at the thermocline, so that tide interval wave is generated near the thermocline. Water of the thermocline flows reversely since the tide internal wave transmits along the thermocline, so that alternate flow is generated, water temperature fields are mixed, and then water temperature stratification is improved. Deepwater reservoir equal-density stratification water is aroused to generate internal wave under reservoir regulation, andthus natural underwater stirring movement is formed. The method is easy to implement, has influence to large-scope water, improves water dynamic strength remarkably, suppresses water temperature stratification and achieves the purposes of improving water ecological environments.

The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting agricultural methods, and discloses a construction method of a drip irrigation spring wheat super-high-yield population structure. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a spring wheat variety and making pre-sowing preparations; performing wide-narrow row configuration, wherein the widths of wide rows are 20 centimeters, the widths of narrow rows are 12.5 centimeters, and drip irrigation zones are paved between adjacent wide rows; sowing; performing field management from a seeding stage to a tillering stage, from a jointing stage to a booting stage, from a heading stage to a fertilization stage, from the fertilizing stage to a seed formation stage, and from a milk-ripe stage to a full ripening stage. The construction method provided by the invention is economical and practical; a drip irrigation technology is adopted, and dry-sowing and wet-emergence are adopted, so that the field emergence rate is 90-95 percent; the wide-narrow row configuration is adopted, so that the ventilation and light transmittance rates of a wheat field can be increased; the plant heights and the basic internode lengths of main stems can be controlled through chemical regulation and control at the tillering stage; from the heading stage to the milk-ripe stage, fertilization is performed along with water drops, and fertilizers are moved backwards, so that the function periods of leaves and root systems can be prolonged, the influence of fertilizer removal at the milk-ripe stage on the yield is avoided, and large-scale high yield and super high yield of drip irrigation spring wheat are ensured.

The invention discloses a method for increasing the yield of mass crossing seeds of sweet potatoes. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selection of a seed production base; (2) selection ofseed production parents; (3) transplanting and management after planting; (4) roguing and diseased branch removing; (5) topping and grafting; (6) harvesting of seeds; (7) drying and storage of the seeds. The method disclosed by the invention has the following beneficial effects that: 1, an isolation zone is arranged, so that the possibility of crossing of other non-target parents is avoided, and the seed production quality is increased; 2, just one kind of sweet potatoes are planted, so that the probability that generations pass through identification is increased; 3, the spreading risk of plant diseases and insect pests of the sweet potatoes is reduced to the maximum through isolated seed testing and epidemic situation detection, and the spreading of the plant diseases and insect pests ofthe sweet potatoes is effectively avoided; 4,by removing main stems, more side stems are obtained, the blossom quantity is increased, and the fruiting rate is ensured; 5, honey plants are planted atthe periphery and the middle part of a seed production field, so that bees can be favorably attracted to carry out pollination, and the seed production yield can be increased. According to the methodfor increasing the yield of the mass crossing seeds of the sweet potatoes, disclosed by the invention, the foundation is laid for new variety breeding of sweet potatoes.

The invention provides a virtual reservoir capacity correction-based reservoir capacity erosion and deposition simulation method for a sand-rich reservoir, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring river cross section information and topographic information of a sand-rich reservoir area, and constructing a trunk and branch topological relation; carrying out initial virtual reservoircapacity correction on the main stream reservoir capacity and the branch stream with the measurement section according to the topographic method reservoir capacity and the section method reservoir capacity based on the main stream and branch stream topological relation, and carrying out initial virtual reservoir capacity correction on the branch stream and the furrow without the measurement section according to the topographic method reservoir capacity and section method reservoir capacity difference value; according to the ratio of the reservoir-out sand amount to the reservoir-in sand amountof the reservoir area of the sand-rich reservoir, calculating the sediment discharge ratio of the sand-rich reservoir; calculating the corresponding reservoir capacity change caused by the erosion and deposition change according to the sediment discharge ratio, and calculating the corresponding total erosion and deposition amount of the virtual reservoir; and distributing the corrected initial virtual reservoir capacity based on the total amount of erosion and deposition of the virtual reservoir and based on sludge distribution of different elevation levels of the main stream.

The invention belongs to the technical field of river environmental protection and discloses a drainage basin pollutant monitoring system and a monitoring method thereof. The drainage basin pollutantmonitoring system comprises a monitoring platform, a plurality of monitoring stations and a plurality of detection units. The method comprises the following steps of S1, establishing a river model ofa current drainage basin, and marking the positions of the monitoring stations, the positions of the detection units and altitude data; S2, collecting river water quality data and river surface garbage data; and S3, on the basis of a river model, transmitting the river water quality data and the river surface garbage data in the same flow direction to a monitoring station located at an upstream junction point of the flow direction for analysis and processing to obtain main pollutants, pollution levels and pollution source positions of the main flow and each branch flow, and sending the main pollutants, the pollution levels and the pollution source positions to a monitoring platform for display. The method is advantaged in that problems that in the prior art, the consumption of manpower andmaterial resources is large, real-time performance is poor, and a pollution source cannot be accurately positioned are solved.

The invention relates to a white birch SPL2 gene participating plant morphogenesis and floral development and a coding protein thereof and belongs to the gene technical field of molecular biology. A nucleotide sequence of a related gene BpSPL2 is as shown in a sequence table SEQ ID NO; 1. The amino acid sequence is as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. The invention provides the white birch SPL2 gene and a plant expression vector thereof. The gene is over-expressed by means of an agrobacterium-mediated method in Arabidopsis, the obtained transgenetic Arabidopsis purified strain has phenotypes that petals are unfolded and pistils and stamens are withered and wizened, another part of transgenetic strain is dwarf, and the quantity of primary stems or side branches on the main stem is increased. The BpSPL2 gene can affect floral development and floral development of Arabidopsis. The invention provides a gene resource and a theoretical foundation for regulating floral abortion and plant morphogenesis of forests by means of transgenic technology.

The invention relates to the cultivation method for grapes 1.45 m away from the ground. The method comprises the following steps that 101, in the current grape planting year, after germination in spring, a robust shoot is selected for cultivation the trunk, pinching is performed when the trunk is 1.45 m away from the ground, and when an auxiliary shoot germinated at the top end grows to 35 cm or longer, two robustly-growing auxiliary shoots at the top end are selected for pinching; the shoots falling into two groups are bound to a first pull rope in opposite directions, two main stems are formed on the two edges, and when the main stems grow to 70 cm long, pinching is performed so that the branches are matured and live through the winter; when trimming is performed in winter, the main stems are cut at the position with the diameter being 0.95 cm, and the other auxiliary shoots are removed from the base portion; 102, in the next spring, a new shoot is reserved near the trunk on each main stem, inflorescence is removed, and the shoot is adopted as the branch for bearing fruits for cultivation in the next year. A worker just needs to perform branch fixation and spike binding accordingto the number requirement, branch binding and tip shearing are performed according to the specified distance, and operation can be performed with no skillful worker; the trimmed fruit tree fruiting space, inter space and ventilation space are obvious.

The invention discloses a grape overwintering covering structure and a manufacturing method as well as a use method. The structure is of a multilayer structure and comprises a piece of waterproof cloth, a greenhouse film, a felt, industrial cotton and another piece of waterproof cloth from bottom to top in sequence. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of smoothly laying the waterproof cloth, the greenhouse film, the felt, the industrial cotton and the other piece of waterproof cloth from bottom to top in sequence, cutting out according to required length and width, and then stitching all layers together through needlework along the circumferences. The use method comprises the steps of hilling up at both sides of a base of a grape main stem, so as to form a grape valley with the width of 110 to 120 cm and the depth of 20 to 30 cm, pressing grape branches and tendrils into the valley, cover the grape valley with the overwintering covering structure, and then compressing, so that a certain space is formed in the grape valley. The grape overwintering covering structure has the effects that the water content of the grape branches can be effectively increased in the period of dormancy, so as to prevent the branches from losing water and drying and prevent grape roots and the branches from being frozen; when the temperature rises in spring, the temperature rise in the covered grape valley is slower than that in a soil buried overwintering grape valley due to a covering effect, and grapes delay germinating, so that the capability of preventing late frost is effectively increased.

The invention discloses a method for prolonging the harvest life of sugarcane by repeatedly replanting main stems of healthy sugarcane seedlings, the method comprises the following steps of: transplanting the healthy original sugarcane seedlings cultured by stem tip detoxification into a perennial root sugarcane field harvested in December or a sugarcane field newly planted in February next year for replanting after the seedlings are subjected to false planting and hardening, and when 90% of the healthy original sugarcane seedlings are tillered, cutting and transplanting the main stems to a perennial root sugarcane field harvested in January to February or a sugarcane field newly planted in March for replanting, and when 100% of the first cutting stems tillers, cutting and transplanting the main stems grown from the cutting stems to a perennial root sugarcane field harvested in March to April or a sugarcane field newly planted in April to May for replanting. By using the method, not only can the sugarcane seeds be saved, the cost of the sugarcane seeds used for replanting of the healthy sugarcane seedlings be reduced, the production period be shortened, but also the problem that the sugarcane are not replanted properly on a sugarcane field because the new planting period and harvesting period of the sugarcane are prolonged can be solved, and the harvest life of the sugarcane isprolonged.

The invention relates to a method for cultivating a fruit tree by mycorrhiza. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) selecting underground sprout tillers or excellent stocks around the fruit tree before the fruit tree sprouts; (2) digging holes around the fruit tree, and spreading mycorrhiza in the holes; (3) if selecting sprout tillers, directly applying the mycorrhiza at the root of the sprout tillers; if selecting the stocks, transplanting the stocks in the holes to enable the mycorrhiza to directly contact the stocks; (4) bridging the stocks or sprout tillers and main stem and side branches of the fruit tree in spring or summer; after surviving, providing nutrient transport. The method has the advantagesthat: 1, the mycorrhizal symbiosis effect is better and the root germination quantity of the fruit tree is big; 2, the mycorrhiza dose is less, so that the production cost is reduced; 3, the mycorrhiza is applied once and then is effective at long time after symbiosis; 4, the tree vigor is strengthened and the disease and insect resistance is improved; 5, the quality and yield of the fruit are improved, and thus, the economic benefit is increased; 6, the dose of the fertilizer and pesticide can be reduced, and the mycorrhiza benefit can be improved after being bridged with mycorrhiza.

The invention discloses a seed production method for reducing the rotting rate of broccoli, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The method includes the steps: seeding in a proper seeding period of seed production parents; seeding in a potted tray; spreading seeds; performing unified management after seedlings emerge; planting the seedlings on a land for growing field crops with the planting space of 45*40cm after each seedling grows to have four leaves and a center; and cutting off ball flowers and long main stems 15cm below the ball flowers together when the ball flowers of the broccoli grow to have the diameter ranging from 2cm to 3cm. During seeding in the potted tray, the potted tray is filled with matrixes, water is poured over the potted tray, holes are pressed, one seed is placed in each hole, the seeds are covered with the matrixes after seeding, and a small amount of water is poured. During spreading, a flat land with the area of about 10g / m<2> in a greenhouse is selected, special matrixes for raising seedlings are uniformly laid, the thickness of the special matrixes is about 3 centimeters, water is poured over the special matrixes, the seeds are uniformly spread, a layer of matrixes with the thickness of 0.3 centimeter is spread on the seeds again, and then a small amount of water is poured. By the method, the rotting rate of seed production plants of the broccoli can be greatly reduced, the seeds are fine, and the seed yield is improved by more than 50%.

The invention discloses a method for improving yield of cabbage mustard seed production. The method specifically comprises the following steps of sowing and seedling in a tray, and planting in a crop field when the seedling grows with four leaves and one core; when the height of the plant is 30cm, cutting 5cm from the top end of a main stem of the cabbage mustard by a sickle; remaining four most robust primary branches, and cutting the excessive primary branches at the bottom parts of the branches by a shear; when the length of each primary branch is 30cm, cutting 5cm from the top end of each branch by the shear; after the top part of each primary branch is cut off, and when the length of a secondary branch is 5cm, remaining four most robust secondary branches at each primary branch, and cutting the excessive secondary branches at the bottom parts of the branches by the shear. The cabbage mustard treated by the method has the advantages that the number of bolting and flowering is greatly increased, the yield of seed production is equal to about 2.5 times of the yield of normal seed production, the flowering period is centralized, the maturing period of the seeds is uniform, and the harvesting of the seeds is easy. The method has the advantages that the method is simple, the implementing is easy, the yield is greatly increased in large-area cabbage mustard seed production, the time and labor in harvesting of the seeds are saved, and the popularizing value is realized.

The invention discloses a fruit tree pruning method capable of improving the yield and the quality of fruits. The method comprises the following steps: carving buds for the first time, namely, carving buds on positions, more than 90cm high, of a main stem base part before budding; changing axes completely, namely, completely shearing off main branches born in the first year at one time, leaving 2mm crops for rotation at base openings; carving buds for the second time, namely, carving buds on the crops for rotation before budding; slowly placing; reserving branch groups bearing fruits; shearing off unnecessary branches after axis changing, and using 25-30 distances between the branches as fruit bearing branch groups; balancing tree vigor; conducting axis changing processing on vigorous branches of the bearing branch groups. The method has the advantages that fruit trees supply needed nutrition for flower buds in a centralized mode after axis changing processing, and vigorous branches at the top are reduced, so that nutrition waste is effectively avoided, and a large amount of manpower for trimming branches is saved; tree body nutrition is effectively transmitted to the positions where flower buds form, so that the formation of the flower buds are greatly promoted, the output of fruit products is improved by 1.5 times, and economic benefits are considerable; the tree body is good in ventilation performance and light transmission performance so as to be favorable to operation such as manual bagging and medication. Moreover, fruits are good in coloring and are regular in shape.

The invention mainly relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, and discloses a planting method of selenium-rich carya illinoensis. The method comprises the steps of stock selection, scion selection, grafting treatment, management after grafting, winter top-dressing and fructescence fertilization spraying. Through the simple method, the selenium content of ripe carya illinoensis reaches 16.72 microgram / 100 g, the shell thickness is reduced by 28.6%, which makes it easy to eat by removing shells, and thus the sales volume of the ripe carya illinoensis is increased by 14.8%, and the economic income of farmer households is remarkably increased; ginkgo seedlings which are 2-3 years old are selected as stocks, the main stems are thick, so many nutrients are accumulated, the stocks are prepared after leaves fall in autumn, and are wrapped with nonwovens soaked with chitosan to promote wound healing and avoid germs breeding caused by too much tree flow at big wounds after grafting, scions are promoted to survive, and thus the survival rate reaches 98%, and the manpower and material resources are saved greatly.

The invention discloses a branch alternative habitat construction method based on dam dismantling and local micro-landform manual intervention, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a branch which is most similar to fish community structure characteristics and habitat heterogeneity of a target main stream from branches of the target main stream as an alternative habitat branch; (2) constructing a one-dimensional ecological river appearance model for replacing habitat tributary, and simulating river appearance change and habitat quality change of the replaced habitat tributary after dam removal; (3) constructing a two-dimensional ecological river appearance evolution model for the local river reach of which the habitat quality is lower than a preset threshold value after dam removal of the alternative habitat tributary, and simulating the river appearance change and habitat quality change of the local river reach after different local ecological improvement measures are implemented; and (4) removing the dam selected as the tributary for replacing the habitat, and reconstructing the landform of the local river reach according to the ecological improvement measure with the maximum habitat quality improvement obtained by simulation. According to the invention, a branch alternative habitat more suitable for fishes can be constructed.

The invention provides an ecological scheduling system suitable for fishes laying viscid eggs to swim upstream. The ecological scheduling system comprises a dam, wherein a reservoir-imitation bay wallis arranged along the bank of the upstream of the dam of the main stream and surrounds an exit of a branch to isolate the main stream from the branch, a fishway is arranged at the exit of the branchto communicate with the branch and the downstream of the dam, and one side face of the reservoir-imitation bay wall is provided with a ripple structure which is formed through transverse arrangement of multiple sections of arc faces in a longitudinal strip shape. According to the ecological scheduling system, under the assistance of the reservoir-imitation bay wall, slow-flow water in a reservoirarea is separated from running water regulated by the upstream branch, wherein one side of the reservoir-imitation bay wall is provided with a habitat condition which attracts the fishes liking slow flow to lay eggs and reproduce and a fish collecting and transferring system, through the coordinated scheduling of a barrage at the branch of the upstream and the dam of the main stream, the goal of increasing the survival rate and reproduction efficiency of the fishes passing through the main stream, particularly the fishes that lay viscid and demersal eggs and like running water or slow flow isrealized, and the purpose of improving the habitat suitability and protection efficiency of the fishes passing through the dam in water conservancy and hydropower projects is achieved.