161 results about "Cancer screening" patented technology

A frequency of somatic mutations in a biological sample (e.g., plasma or serum) of a subject undergoing screening or monitoring for cancer, can be compared with that in the constitutional DNA of the same subject. A parameter can derived from these frequencies and used to determine a classification of a level of cancer. False positives can be filtered out by requiring any variant locus to have at least a specified number of variant sequence reads (tags), thereby providing a more accurate parameter. The relative frequencies for different variant loci can be analyzed to determine a level of heterogeneity of tumors in a patient.

A method for screening cancer comprises the following steps: (1) providing a test specimen; (2) detecting the methylation state of the CpG sequence in at least one target gene within the genomic DNA of the test specimen, wherein the target genes is consisted of SOX1, PAX1, LMX1A, NKX6-1, WT1 and ONECUT1; and (3) determining whether there is cancer or cancerous pathological change in the specimen based on the presence or absence of the methylation state in the target gene; wherein method for detecting methylation state is methylation-specific PCR (MSP), quantitative methylation-specific PCR (QMSP), bisulfite sequencing (BS), microarrays, mass spectrometer, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and pyrosequencing.

Embodiments are related to the accurate detection of somatic mutations in the plasma (or other samples containing cell-free DNA) of cancer patients and for subjects being screened for cancer. The detection of these molecular markers would be useful for the screening, detection, monitoring, management, and prognostication of cancer patients. For example, a mutational load can be determined from the identified somatic mutations, and the mutational load can be used to screen for any or various types of cancers, where no prior knowledge about a tumor or possible cancer of the subject may be required. Embodiments can be useful for guiding the use of therapies (e.g. targeted therapy, immunotherapy, genome editing, surgery, chemotherapy, embolization therapy, anti-angiogenesis therapy) for cancers. Embodiments are also directed to identifying de novo mutations in a fetus by analyzing a maternal sample having cell-free DNA from the fetus.

A one-dimensional array is used for transmit operation, allowing connection with an imaging system for planar scanning and avoiding transmit electronics in the transducer array. A multi-dimensional array is used for reception only, avoiding transmit interconnects while providing greater coherence in elevation. Both arrays are moved to scan different planes, allowing acquisition of data representing a volume. This transducer arrangement may be used for scanning breasts for cancer screening.

A one-dimensional array is used for transmit operation, allowing connection with an imaging system for planar scanning and avoiding transmit electronics in the transducer array. A multi-dimensional array is used for reception only, avoiding transmit interconnects while providing greater coherence in elevation. Both arrays are moved to scan different planes, allowing acquisition of data representing a volume. This transducer arrangement may be used for scanning breasts for cancer screening.

A multi-modality cancer screening and diagnosis system is provided that allows cancer screening and diagnosis of a patient using at least two different and sequential three-dimensional imaging techniques without patient repositioning. The system includes a first three-dimensional image acquisition device, a second three-dimensional image acquisition device having a probe with a transmitter mounted thereon, and a positioning paddle for positioning and immobilizing an object to be imaged during the cancer screening and diagnosis procedure. The positioning paddle is designed to facilitate visualization of the breast in both three-dimensional modalities without movement of the patient, and preferably is designed to position the patient with comfort during a diagnosis procedure which uses both imaging modalities.

A method of screening for breast cancer, comprising: testing a plurality of asymptomatic women by measuring at least one electrical impedance characteristic on at least one breast, said asymptomatic woman being classified as belonging to a first group having a first risk factor for breast cancer; and re-classifying some of the women as belonging to a second group having a second risk factor greater than the first risk factor, based on the at least one impedance characteristic, wherein the second group has a risk factor of at least twice that of the first group, but less than 15 times that of the first group; and wherein fewer than 60% of those in the first group that have breast cancer are reclassified into the second group.

Analysis of tumor-derived circulating cell-free DNA opens up new possibilities for performing liquid biopsies for solid tumor assessment or cancer screening. However, many aspects of the biological characteristics of tumor-derived cell-free DNA remain unclear. Regarding the size profile of plasma DNA molecules, some studies reported increased integrity of tumor-derived plasma DNA while others reported shorter tumor-derived plasma DNA molecules. We performed an analysis of the size profiles of plasma DNA in patients with cancer using massively parallel sequencing at single base resolution and in a genomewide manner. Tumor-derived plasma DNA molecules were further identified using chromosome arm-level z-score analysis (CAZA). We showed that populations of aberrantly short and long DNA molecules co-existed in the plasma of patients with cancer. The short ones preferentially carried the tumor-associated copy number aberrations. These results show the ability to use plasma DNA as a molecular diagnostic tool.

A molecular marker-based method for monitoring and detecting cancer in humans. Aberrant methylation of gene promoters is a marker for cancer risk in humans. A two-stage, or "nested" polymerase chain reaction method is disclosed for detecting methylated DNA sequences at sufficiently high levels of sensitivity to permit cancer screening in biological fluid samples, such as sputum, obtained non-invasively. The method is for detecting the aberrant methylation of the p16 gene, O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene, Death-associated protein kinase gene, RAS-associated family 1 gene, or other gene promoters. The method offers a potentially powerful approach to population-based screening for the detection of lung and other cancers.

Methods for creating a selector of mutated genomic regions and for using the selector set to analyze genetic alterations in a cell-free nucleic acid sample are provided. The methods can be used to measure tumor-derived nucleic acids in a blood sample from a subject and thus to monitor the progression of disease in the subject. The methods can also be used for cancer screening, cancer diagnosis, cancer prognosis, and cancer therapy designation.

The invention discloses a method for preparation of an addressable electrochemical transducer array, and determination multiple tumor markers in a sample by adopting the addressable electrochemical transducer array. The method comprises the following steps: printing a row electrode and a line electrode on a proper substrate material by preparing proper ink; selecting a proper paper material, preparing a reaction hydrophobic region and a hydrophilic region on the paper by utilizing a wax printing technology, and constructing a reference electrode and a counter electrode shared by an array electrode on the other paper-based material through a screen printing technology; functionalizing the prepared hydrophilic region, identifying an antigen, and marking a signal molecule; assembling the prepared working electrode, the reference electrode and the counter electrode with the prepared reaction region, and constructing the addressable electrochemical transducer array; and dripping an enzyme substrate in the reaction region, and adding phosphoric acid buffer liquid on the paper layer printed with the reference electrode and the counter electrode, and detecting the target.

The invention relates to a system for breast cancer screening and a corresponding method carried out with the system, the method comprising the following steps:a) providing an image of a predetermined region of a breast of a woman,b) determining the glandular volume in the scanning image, andc) calculating the absolute glandular tissue amount of the breast from the glandular volume,wherein the absolute glandular tissue amount can be used as a risk index which provides an indication about the risk of the woman of having breast cancer.

In an effort to reduce employer health insurance related costs, a state-governed fully-insured health insurance policy is provided for a group of employees. At least one benefit under the health insurance policy is conditional on the employee voluntarily participating in a wellness program. The wellness program could include wellness categories such as a tobacco free category, normal blood pressure category, regular exercise category and even a non-overweight category. In addition, the wellness program could condition coverage, or subsidize deductibles for, certain illnesses on employee submission to screening tests on a prescribed basis for the identified illness, such as cancer screening for early detection of cancer. The voluntary wellness program can also include a variety of other aspects including wellness education, disease inoculation, and injury prevention. The invention provides an incentive for employees to make healthier lifestyle choices.

An apparatus for detecting cervical cancer comprising, a mechanical structure configured to expose cervical region comprising, a first duck-billed blade forming a hollow cylinder at one end and a second duck-billed blade coupled to the first blade to form part of a speculum, in that the cervical region is exposed through circular area of the hollow cylinder, a pair of “L” shaped rods attached to the hollow cylinder of the first blade such that they are diagonally opposite and symmetric on either side of the exposed cervical region, and a detachable holder with a housing to hold a secondary unit and at least a pair of hooks to mount on the “L” shaped rods, the secondary unit further comprising, a camera for capturing an image of the exposed cervical region, a processor and a visual indicator to determine and indicate presence or absence of the cervix cancer from the image.

An apparatus for detecting cervical cancer comprising a mechanical structure configured to expose cervical region comprising a supporting rod, and an image capturing unit to capture cervix images and determine abnormalities in the cervix region based on preprogrammed instructions, wherein the image capturing unit is coupled to the mechanical structure on the supporting rod. The image capturing unit is coupled to the mechanical structure by means of a detachable unit mounted on the supporting rods of the mechanical structure. The detachable unit comprises a housing to hold the image capturing unit and at least a pair of extension hooks outside its peripheral surface to mount on the supporting rods securely. The image capturing unit captures plurality of images before and after application of a chemical substance on the cervix region and determines abnormalities based on temporary change in color and texture of the cervix region due to application of the chemical substance.

The present invention provides new methods for the assessment of cancer risk in the general population. These methods utilize particular alleles of in multiple selected genes to identify individuals with increased or decreased risk of breast cancer. In addition, personal history measures such as age and family history are used to further refine the analysis. Using such methods, it is possible to reallocate healthcare costs in cancer screening to patient subpopulations at increased cancer risk. It also permits identification of candidates for cancer prophylactic treatment.

A cancer screening method is provided, wherein the method is characterized by administering a compound to a patient, the compound being a complex of a fluorescent marker and a radioactive marker, in a dose emitting between 5 Gy and 20 Gy radiation. Cells are then collected preferably through non-invasive or minimally invasive means. If fluorescence is observed in the exfoliated cells, tomographic scanning is conducted to further locate and / or confirm suspected malignant areas or metastatic areas. Further observation or treatment may be conducted either through fluorescence guided endoscopy, photo-dynamic therapy, and / or radiation treatment.

The present invention relates to a method and a kit for diagnosing and / or predicting the occurrence of cancer or the risk of contracting a cancer by measuring the concentration of a cancer screening antigen(CSA) in blood, which changes before the occurrence of the cancer in a patient. The method of diagnosing or predicting the occurrence of cancer or the risk of contracting a cancer comprising the steps of: determining a concentration of galectin-3 in a blood sample by reacting the blood sample with a monoclonal antibody of the galectin-3; comparing the determined concentration of the galectin-3 with concentration of the galectin-3 in a blood sample of a normal human; and predicting the risk of contracting a cancer if the determined concentration is greater than the concentration of the galectin-3 in blood of the normal human.

The invention relates to a difunctional tumor diagnosis reagent and a method thereof, and belongs to the nano-technological field, the biological bionic field, and the immunology and biomedicine crossing field. The invention especially provides the difunctional tumor diagnosis reagent which is composed of a protein shell for specifically identifying cancer tissues and / or cancer cells and an inorganic nanometer core having a peroxidase catalytic activity. The invention also provides a kit comprising the reagent, and a method for detecting tumors in an individual through using the reagent. The difunctional tumor diagnosis reagent and the method can be used for cancer screening, early-stage diagnosis, treatment monitoring, cancer cell metastasis analysis, postoperative recurrence evaluation or basic cancer researches. The difunctional tumor diagnosis reagent integrates two functions comprising tumor specific identification and coloration into one, and enables the tumor specific identification and the coloration to be completely in a one step manner without the marking of a secondary antibody, a tertiary antibody or HRP or a signal molecule, and the operation is simple and convenient.

A method for selecting a breast cancer patient for therapy with an agent that reduces production of angiotensin II, for example an ACE inhibitor or renin inhibitor, comprises (a) determining whether the cancer comprises a tumor that is estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and (b) selecting the patient for such therapy only if the cancer is determined to comprise an ER+ tumor. A method for treating breast cancer in a patient further comprises (c) administering to the patient, if so selected, an agent that reduces production of angiotensin II, for example an ACE inhibitor or renin inhibitor. A method for treating a breast tumor in a patient having SERM-resistant ER+ breast cancer comprises administering to the patient an agent that reduces production of angiotensin II, for example an ACE inhibitor or renin inhibitor. A therapeutic combination useful in treatment of a breast tumor comprises an agent that reduces production of angiotensin II, for example an ACE inhibitor or renin inhibitor, and a second agent that comprises (a) an aromatase inhibitor or (b) an estrogen receptor modulator or antagonist.

The invention relates to a cancer screening method which comprises the following steps that: (1) providing a tested body; (2) testing the CpG sequence methylation state of at least one target gene in genome DNA of the tested body, and the target gene comprises PTPRR, ZNF582, PDE8B and DBC1; (3) judging whether the tested body has cancer or lesions before cancer according to that whether the methylation state of the at least one target gene exists; and the methylation state detection method is methylation-specific PCR, MSP, quantitative methylation-specific PCR, QMSP, bisulfite sequencing (BS), microarrays, massspectrometer, denaturing high-performance liquidchromatography (DHPLC) and the like.

A method for screening cancer comprises the following steps: (1) providing a test specimen; (2) detecting the methylation rate of the CpG sequence in at least one target gene of the test specimen, wherein the target genes is consisted of PTPRR, ZNF582, PDE8B and DBC1; and (3) determining whether there is cancer or cancerous pathological change in the specimen based on the methylation rate in the target gene.

A molecular marker-based method for monitoring and detecting cancer in humans. Aberrant methylation of gene promoters is a marker for cancer risk in humans. A two-stage, or “nested” polymerase chain reaction method is disclosed for detecting methylated DNA sequences at sufficiently high levels of sensitivity to permit cancer screening in biological fluid samples, such as sputum, obtained non-invasively. The method is for detecting the aberrant methylation of the p16 gene, O 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene, Death-associated protein kinase gene, RAS-associated family 1 gene, or other gene promoters. The method offers a potentially powerful approach to population-based screening for the detection of lung and other cancers.

The invention discloses a cancer detection kit based on large-scale mining and a detection method, and belongs to the technical field of biomedical detection. The kit comprises a DNA extraction reagent, a high-throughput sequencing library preparation reagent, gene sequence alignment software and chromosome cover degree calculation software. The method comprises the steps that firstly, peripheral blood is collected from a subject and plasma is separated out; DNA polymerase is used for amplification and a sequencing library is prepared; large-scale sequencing is performed on the prepared library; sequence alignment is performed on a sequencing result, statistic is performed on the distribution situation on a genome, and whether a cancer cell genomic sequence from tumor tissue exists or not is judged, so that whether a detection object carries a cancer or not is judged. According to the cancer detection kit and the detection method, the defect that existing cancer screening specificity and sensitivity are poor is overcome, the method causes no irradiation or wounds, and cancer detection can be achieved only through 4-10 mL of peripheral blood.

A method of cancer screening comprising the steps of administering the Blood CA 27,29 testing procedure; if the result is positive administering a mammogram; if the result is positive administering an needle biopsy; if the result is positive administering a PET scan; if the result is positive administering a blood tumor cell count. If all of the foregoing steps are positive, the cancer is treated by applying imiquimod transdermally to rotating sites, preferably by mixing ALDARA® (imiquimod) 5% cream with an equal amount of H base cream; administering a vaccine containing tumor necrosis factor, preferably the BCG vaccine; and orally administering VALTREX® (valacyclovir) twice daily. The foregoing treatment method is also effective in treating Type I diabetes, MS, and other epidermal cancers.

The present invention provides new methods for the assessment of cancer risk in the general population. These methods utilize particular alleles of two or more genes, in combination, to identify individuals with increased or decreased risk of cancer. Exemplified is risk assessment for breast cancer in women. In addition, personal history measures such as age and race are used to further refine the analysis. Using such methods, it is possible to reallocate healthcare costs in cancer screening to patient subpopulations at increased cancer risk. It also permits identification of candidates for cancer prophylactic treatment.

A method of cancer screening comprising the steps of administering the Blood CA 27,29 testing procedure; if the result is positive administering a mammogram; if the result is positive administering a needle biopsy; if the result is positive administering a PET scan; if the result is positive administering a blood tumor cell count. If all of the foregoing steps are positive, the cancer is treated by applying imiquimod transdermally to rotating sites, preferably by mixing ALDARA (TM) (imiquimod) 5% cream with an equal amount of H base cream (TM); administering a vaccine that induces production of tumor necrosis factor, preferably the BCG vaccine; and orally administering Valtrex (TM) (valacyclovir) twice daily. The foregoing treatment method is also effective in treating Type I diabetes, MS, and other epidermal cancers.

The invention discloses a big data based lung cancer screening system and method. The system includes a collection terminal, a server and a man-machine interface. The collection terminal collects dataof lung cancer patients and detection data of patients that need to be screened and uploads all the data. The server is used for receiving the data and the detection data, establishing a lung cancerpatient database on the basis of the data, conducting data analysis on the lung cancer patient database, obtaining relation data between the lung cancer and pathogenic factors, learning and training the relation data to obtain a lung cancer risk predication model, processing the detection data through the lung cancer risk predication model, obtaining reference data between pathogenic factors of the patients that need to be screened and the lung cancer, and sending the reference data to a man-machine interface for display. The beneficial effects are that the relation data of different pathogenic factors and the lung cancer are obtained by conducting big data analysis and counting on the database of the lung cancer patients, so a scientific reference basis is provided for early-stage screening of the lung cancer.

A lipid assay method, kit, and apparatus involving exposure of a protein, having a lipid recognition motif that interacts with a target lipid and a competing lipid, to a solution containing the competing lipid, and determining whether the target lipid is present in the solution. The target lipid has a stronger affinity to the lipid recognition motif than does the competing lipid. The lipid recognition motif is preferably a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, with the target lipid being a phosphoinositide. The assay determines activity of a lipid kinase, the target lipid being a phosphorylation product of a reaction between the lipid kinase and a substrate lipid. The assay can be a cancer screening method for detection of cancer cells, where detection of certain levels of a PI(3,4,5)P3 target lipid is an indicator of a cancer cell.