60 results about "1,1-Difluoroethane" patented technology

Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225) and a fluid selected from the group consisting of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene (“HFO-1243zf”), 1,1-difluoroethane (“HFC-152a”), trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (“HFO-1234ze”), and combinations of two or more thereof. Also provided are uses thereof including as refrigerants, blowing agents, sprayable compositions, flame suppressant, and the like.

The invention relates to a ternary composition comprising difluoromethane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and a hydrocarbon-derived compound containing at least two fluorine atoms and having a boiling point of between −30 and −20° C., which is selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. This composition is particularly suitable for use as a heat-transfer fluid in the presence of countercurrent heat exchangers.

The invention relates to a heat transfer method using a ternary composition containing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1-difluoroethane and difluoromethane, as a heat transfer fluid in refrigeration systems, to replace the R-410A mixture.

The invention relates to a process for cooling or heating a fluid or a body by means of a vapour compression circuit comprising a centrifugal compressor and containing a heat-transfer fluid, the heat-transfer fluid comprising at least two compounds selected from 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1-difluoroethane and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, in which: the ratio of the Mach number of the centrifugal compressor to the Mach number which the centrifugal compressor has under the same operating conditions if the heat-transfer fluid is replaced with 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapour compression circuit is greater than or equal to 0.97 and less than or equal to 1.03; the compression ratio of the centrifugal compressor is less than or equal to the compression ratio which the centrifugal compressor has under the same operating conditions if the heat-transfer fluid is replaced with 1,1,12-tetrafluorethane in the vapour compression circuit. The invention also relates to equipment suitable for implementing this cooling or heating process, and also to a process for converting existing equipment.

Polymeric foam and polymeric foam products that contain a foamable polymer material, nanographite, and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) are provided. Preferably, the foamable polymer material is an alkenyl aromatic polymer material. The foam is free of other conventional blowing agents typically utilized in preparing a foamed product. The nanographite is not chemically or surface modified and is preferably compounded in a polyethylene methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA), which is used both as a medium and a carrier for the nanographite. The nanographite may be compounded in the polymer in an amount up to 60% loading. In addition, the nanographite acts as a nucleating agent, R-value enhancer, infrared attenuating agent, lubricant, UV absorber, and process aid. The inventive foam composition produces extruded foams that have R-values that are equal to or better than conventional extruded foams produced with 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b). The foamed products are desirably made by a conventional extrusion process.

The present invention relates to a refrigerant mixture for substituting R502, R22 or R12 used in a vapor compression refrigerator or air conditioner and a refrigeration system using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a refrigerant mixture comprising a combination of two or three components, which is capable of being used without causing ozone layer destruction and global warming and at the same time, without replacement of the existing refrigeration system, wherein the components are selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroe thane, 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane, dimethylether and isobutane; and a refrigeration system using the same.

A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), carbon dioxide (R-744) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), propylene, propane and mixtures thereof.

The present invention relates to a refrigerant composition of four-constituent system, comprising: (a) a first constituent of difluoromethane, (b) a second constituent of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, (c) a third constituent selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1-difluoroethane and (d) a for the constituent selected from the group consisting of isobutane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,-hexafluoropropane and butane, useful as a substitute for chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22).

Polymeric foam and polymeric foam products that contain a foamable polymer material, at least one hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) blowing agent, an infrared attenuating agent such as nanographite, and propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, or butylene carbonate as a process additive are provided. In one or more embodiments, the HFC blowing agent is 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), or a combination of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a). The propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, or butylene carbonate acts as a cell enlarger to increase the average cell size of the foamed product, as a process aid, as a plasticizer, and lowers the die pressure. The inventive foam composition produces extruded foams that have insulation values (R-values) that are equal to or better than conventional extruded, closed cell foams produced with 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b). In exemplary embodiments, less than 4% of the cells are open cells. A method of forming an extruded foam product is also provided.

A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), difluoromethane (R-32) and 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a).

Refrigerant compositions include mixtures of difluoromethane and isobutane, butane, propylene or cyclopropane; pentafluoroethane and propylene or cyclopropane; 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane and propane; 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and cyclopropane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane and DME or propylene; 1,1-difluoroethane and propane, isobutane, butane or cyclopropane; fluoroethane and propane or cyclopropane; 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane and butane, cyclopropane, DME, isobutane or propane; or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and butane, cyclopropane, isobutane or propane.

There is provided a composition of refrigerant mixtures for high back pressure condition, comprising propane, propylene or 1,1-difluoroethane and, optionally, additive selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, trifluoromethyl iodide and mixture thereof. The composition according to the present invention is environment-friendly and can be directly drop in the conventional refrigerator system adopting HCFC-22 refrigerant without any systemic change.

An ammonia-containing mixed refrigerant is prepared by a component 1, a component 2 and a component 3 through physical mixing, wherein the component 1 is ammonia, and the content is 3-90 wt%; the component 2 is one, two or more of ethane, propane, propylene, iso-butane, butane, 1-butene and isobutene, and the content is 5-80 wt%; the component 3 is one, two or more of iodotrifluoromethane, difluoromethane, 1,1-difluoroethane, 1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-heptafluoropropane, trans-1, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropylene, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3-hexafluoropropane, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3-hexafluoropropane, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3-perfluoropropane and 1, 1, 2, 2, 3-perfluoropropane, and the content is 1-75wt%. The refrigerant has good intersolubility in lubricating oil, the flammability and the toxicity are low, the ammonia-containing mixed refrigerant can substitute a pure ammonia refrigerant, the structure of a conventional ammonia refrigeration system is simplified, the cost is low, and the economic efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a chromium based catalyst ford ehydrofluorination. The catalyst contains 15mol%-95mol% of chromium and 5mol%-85mol% of an active metal, and the active metal is a combination of one, two or three selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zinc, magnesium, cobalt, nickel, iron and copper. The catalyst provided by the invention can be used for vinyl fluoride preparation through 1,1-difluoroethane cracking; and the catalyst has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost of raw materials and high reaction activity and stability.

A heat transfer composition comprising trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E)), carbon dioxide (R-744) and a third component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a), fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), propylene, propane and mixtures thereof.

The invention discloses a preparation method of 1,1-difluoroethane. Under the existence of a catalyst, difluoro dichloroethylene and hydrogen are subjected to a hydrodechlorination reaction, such that 1,1-difluoroethane is prepared. The catalyst is composed of a main catalyst, an auxiliary agent, and a carrier. The main catalyst is Pd, the auxiliary agent is one or more selected from La, Ce, Cu, Zn or Ni, and the caralyst is loaded on the carrier. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of novel raw material route, mild reaction conditions, simple product post-treatment, high catalyst efficiency, and the like. A conversion rate upon a raw material FC-1112A can be higher than 90%, and a selectivity of HFC-152a can be higher than 90%.

The invention provides a heat transfer composition comprising:(i) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234ze(E));(ii) a second component selected from difluoromethane (R-32), propene (R-1270) propane (R290) and mixtures thereof;(iii) a third component selected from pentafluoroethane (R-125), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a), and mixtures thereof; and optionally(iv) a fourth component selected from fluoroethane (R-161), 1,1-difluoroethane (R-152a) and mixtures thereof.

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing vinyl fluoride (VF) and 1,1-difluoroethane by using acetylene fluoride and a preparation method for the catalyst. The catalyst consists of a carrier and active ingredients, wherein the carrier is a mixture of beta-AlF3, alpha-AlF3 and alpha-Al2O3; the active ingredients Cr2O3 and La2O3 account for 1 to 5 mass percent of the catalyst; and Cr and La are simultaneously carried on the carrier. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing a mixed solution from soluble salts of chromium and lanthanum, adding into gamma-Al2O3, and soaking for 4 hours at room temperature; drying for 12 hours in an oven of 120 DEG C, and roasting for 4 hours in air atmosphere of 1,100 DEG C to obtain powder; and pre-treating the powder for 4 to 6 hours at the temperature of 450 DEG C through anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF), introducing N2 till cooling to room temperature, and thus obtaining the catalyst. The catalyst is low in cost, easy to prepare, high in activity and environment-friendly, and can improve the total selectivity of VF and hydrofluorocarbon 152a (HFC-152a).

A process for cooling or heating a fluid or a body by a vapor compression circuit having a centrifugal compressor and containing a heat transfer fluid, the heat-transfer fluid including at least two of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-difluoroethane and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, wherein: the ratio of the Mach number of the centrifugal compressor to the Mach number when the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, the heat-transfer fluid is replaced with 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane is at least 0.97 and at most 1.03; the compression ratio of the centrifugal compressor is less than or equal to the compression ratio when the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, the heat-transfer fluid is replaced with 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane. Also, equipment suitable for implementing this cooling or heating process, and also to a process for converting existing equipment.

The invention discloses a catalyst for a hydrofluorination reaction of acetylene to prepare vinyl fluoride and 1,1-difluoroethane. A catalyst precursor is formed by an aluminum-containing compound, a modified component A and a modified component B, and then the catalyst is obtained by baking and carrying out fluorination treatment of the catalyst precursor, wherein the modified component A is a combination of one, two, three or more selected from compounds of lanthanide metals, group IIIA metals, group IVB metals and group VA metals, and the modified component B is a combination of one, two, three or more selected from compounds of bentonite, graphite, silicon carbide, pseudo-boehmite and a sesbania powder. The catalyst provided by the invention is low in cost, high in activity, long in service life, and simple in preparation process, and can overcome the defects that a commonly used aluminum-based catalyst is severe in carbon deposition, short in service life, complicated in preparation process and the like.

There is provided a composition of refrigerant mixtures for low back pressure condition, comprising isobutane, 1,1-difluoroethane and, optionally, additive selected from the group consisting of carbon oxide, trifluoromethyl iodide and mixture thereof. The composition according to the present invention is environment-friendly and can be directly drop in the conventional refrigerator system adopting CFC-12 refrigerant without any systemic change.

The invention provides a method for a novel process route of 1-bromo-2,2-difluoroethylene. The method comprises the following steps of (i) preparing 1,2-dibromo-1,1-difluoroethane (CF2Br-CH2Br) with high selectivity by employing a catalytic addition reaction of 1,1-difluoroethylene (CF2=CH2); and (ii) adding 100-350 mol% of an alkaline water solution according to a molar weight of 1,2-dibromo-1,1-difluoroethane, performing selective dehydrobromination reaction on the 1,2-dibromo-1,1-difluoroethane and the alkaline water solution at a temperature of 30-150 DEG C by using a professionally designed reaction refinery system to obtain 1-bromo-2,2-difluoroethylene.

The invention discloses an aluminum base catalyst for preparing vinyl fluoride through gas phase hydrogen fluoride removal of 1,1-difluoroethane. The catalyst contains a main active component aluminum and a modification component, and the modification component is one of or a combination containing two or three of lanthanum, yttrium, cerium, zirconium, zinc, magnesium, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, tin and bismuth. The aluminum base catalyst disclosed in the invention can substantially reduce the reaction temperature of the preparation of vinyl fluoride through gas phase hydrogen fluoride removal of 1,1-difluoroethane, and improves the conversion rate and the selectivity.

The invention provides a catalyst for preparing vinyl fluoride through gas phase removal of HF by virtue of 1,1-difluoroethane as well as a preparation method and application of the catalyst. The catalyst is prepared by the steps of preparing a precursor from a carrier and an active component, and carrying out roasting and trifluoromethane fluorination, wherein the carrier is activated carbon, andthe active component is metal chloride or metal nitrate. The prepared catalyst is applied to the preparation of vinyl fluoride by virtue of 1,1-difluoroethane, the anti-carbon performance of the catalyst is remarkably improved, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged; and meanwhile, the selectivity of reaction for preparing vinyl fluoride from 1,1-difluoroethane at low temperature and the conversion rate of 1,1-difluoroethane(R152a) are relatively high.

A process is described for the preparation of 2-chloro-1,1,1-difluoroethane by the reaction of 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane with hydrogen fluoride. in the presence of a fluorination catalyst. The process utilizes a rate enhancing reagent that is trichloroethylene, is 1-fluoro-1,2,3-trichloroethane or an aromatic rate enhancing reagent having the formulawhere R is C1 to C6 linear or branched alkyl substituted with at least one halo group, halo or nitro and R′ is C1 to C6 linear or branched alkyl substituted with at least one halo group.

The invention relates to a method for purifying 1,1-difluoroethane by gas phase absorption separation. In the method, by using one or more of silica gel, activated aluminum oxide, activated magnesia and aluminosilicate absorbents and carbon absorbents, preferably an absorbent with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area more than or equal to 400m<2> / g and a single-point average aperture of 5 to 30 angstroms, the 1,1-difluoroethane content in a 1,1-difluoroethane coarse product containing vinyl chloride can be improved to over 99.99 percent, the total olefin content is reduced to below tens of ppm or even below 10ppm, and the vinyl chloride content is reduced to below several ppm or even below 1ppm. The 1,1-difluoroethane can be used alone or in combination with other materials as a low-temperature refrigerator, a foaming agent, a propellant, an etching gas, a cleaning agent or an intermediate of other fluorocarbons.