The invention discloses an efficient planing device used for bamboo and wood processing. The device comprises a shell. The rear side of the inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected with a motor. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a turnplate. The front face of the turnplate is movably connected with a connecting plate. The top of the connecting plate is movably connected with a slide plate. The top of the slide plate is in sliding connection with a slide bar. The bottom of the slide bar penetrates through the slide plate and extends to the bottom of the slide plate to befixedly connected with the bottom of the inner wall of the shell. The top of the slide bar is fixedly connected with a positioning block. According to the efficient planing device, by arranging the shell, the motor, the turnplate, the connecting plate, the slide plate, the slide bar, the positioning block, a power plate, fixing blocks, movable plates, slide sleeves, slide rods, a workbench, supporting plates, clamp plates, a wood plate, a first air cylinder, a second air cylinder and a plane cutter which are used in cooperation, the problems that an existing planing device fails to clamp bamboo and wood tightly, the bamboo and wood are prone to warp up in the planing process, and consequentially, the working efficiency of the planing device is lowered are solved.