The invention discloses a ship ballast water treatment system based on an electro-catalysis and membrane distillation integrated device. The ship ballast water treatment system comprises a ship engine cooling pool, and a hot side heating device, a hot side water tank, an electro-catalysis and membrane distillation reactor, a cold side water tank and a penetrating fluid cooling system which are sequentially connected through pipelines. The system further comprises a direct-current power supply used for supplying power to the electro-catalysis and membrane distillation reactor, and a clean water storage tank is connected with the cold side water tank. According to the ship ballast water treatment system, an electrocatalytic oxidation technology and a membrane distillation process are scientifically coupled into an integrated ship ballast water treatment device by adopting a submerged reaction tank method, and the system has the advantages of high organic matter degradation efficiency, high ammonia nitrogen removal rate, high desalination efficiency, good effluent quality, effective alleviation of membrane distillation membrane pollution / membrane wetting, prolonged service life of the distillation membrane, realization of ship ballast water source treatment and reuse, effective solving of ship part fresh water demands, and mitigation of port sewage and wastewater treatment pressure.