31results about How to "Measurement is limited" patented technology

A method and system for executing electronic funds transactions using a merchant based debit (MBD) card in a merchant-centric system that provides for reduced fees to acquiring merchants and remitting a portion of the collected fees to issuing merchants. The system also preferably provides information sharing on consumer transactions with merchants to facilitate consumer based incentive programs and the like. The system operates over conventional card processing infrastructure and utilizes the ACH network, or equivalent, to settle the transaction from a consumer checking account, or a merchant account in the case of a prepaid MBD card. Using the system, merchants may elect to qualify customers based on their own criterion. A portion of the interchange fee is distributed to the issuing merchant associated transaction executed using the merchant based debit card. Embodiments are described for prepaid, fixed value, programmable, and refillable, forms of merchant based debit cards.

A fluid dispensing system provides a non-contact method of monitoring the change in the fluid volume over time. This approach avoids the use of probes or sensors that come into direct contact with the fluid to be dispensed. The system comprises an apparatus comprising three chambers. The first chamber has a fixed volume and contains a pressurized gas. A solenoid valve is used to control the flow of gas from the first chamber into the second. The second chamber is sealed so that the combined mass of air in the first and second chambers remains fixed. The third chamber is adjacent to the second and contains medication in the form of incompressible fluid that is to be administered to a human or animal subject via a suitable delivery port. A piston is disposed between the second and third chambers and is movable responsive to the flow of gas into the second chamber to dispense fluid from the third chamber as desired. By sensing the pressure in the first and second chambers at any point in time, a processor is programmed to calculate the flow rate or dispensed volume of the fluid being delivered using principles derived from the Ideal Gas Law.

Provided is a method which is performed by a user equipment in a wireless communication system. The method comprises the following steps: receiving from a serving cell a first measurement setting which is applied to normal operation; receiving from an interfering cell a second measurement setting when a high interference situation occurs; deciding whether the high interference situation has occurred; and performing the measurement based on the first measurement setting and the second measurement setting when the high interference occurrence is detected.

Water / fat separation imaging is performed by an MRI device, even if the measurement is not performed with such echo times that the phases of water and fat signals become in-phase or out-of-phase. A determination is made as to which of two obtained separation images is a water image or a fat image. Two water / fat ratio maps are calculated from two original images obtained with such two echo times that phase differences of water and fat signals do not become positive and negative values, and do not becomes integral multiples of π. Two phase maps are calculated from the two water / fat ratio maps and are combined to calculate two minimum phase difference maps showing minimum spatial phase difference. From dispersion in differential maps obtained by spatially differentiating the minimum phase difference maps, a correct minimum phase difference map is determined, and is used to perform phase correction of the original image.

In order to direct a probe having directivity that a received band is widened in accordance with a measurement distance, toward a DUT, shift the received band of the probe in sequence, receive electromagnetic, and measure electromagnetic interference, a plurality of long and short measurement distances between the probe and the DUT are set, and measurement at the long measurement distance and measurement at the short measurement distance are performed plural times. Herein, the measurement at the short measurement distance is performed on a received band where electromagnetic interference is measured by the measurement at the long measurement distance. Thus, measurement of electromagnetic interference can be performed with high accuracy in a short time.

In a quantum processor some couplers couple a given qubit to a nearest neighbor qubit (e.g., vertically and horizontally in an ordered 2D array), other couplers couple to next-nearest neighbor qubits (e.g., diagonally in the ordered 2D array). Couplers may include half-couplers, to selectively provide communicative coupling between a given qubit and other qubits, which may or may not be nearest or even next-nearest-neighbors. Tunable couplers selective mediate communicative coupling. A control system may impose a connectivity on a quantum processor, different than an “as designed” or “as manufactured” physical connectivity. Imposition may be via a digital processor processing a working or updated working graph, to map or embed a problem graph. A set of exclude qubits may be created from a comparison of hardware and working graphs. An annealing schedule may adjust a respective normalized inductance of one or more qubits, for instance to exclude certain qubits.

A phase modulation device implemented in an ophthalmic instrument using a main light beam interacting with an eye, the device including: an apparatus for modulating the phase of the wave front of the main light beam, a controller for controlling the phase modulation apparatus following a modulation instruction, and an analyzer for analyzing the thus-performed modulation of the phase of the wave front of the main light beam, further including emitting a secondary light beam, an apparatus for directing the secondary light beam along an optical path to the modulation apparatus, then to the analyzer, and in that the optical path does not pass through the eye, and in that the controller and the analyzer receiving the modulated secondary light beam cooperate, during a stage called a learning stage, to supply data regarding the response of the phase modulation apparatus to a set of predetermined modulation instructions.

A magnetic field measuring apparatus includes a cell array which includes plural cells different in size of detection surface through which a magnetic flux passes when the cells are arranged in a magnetic field of a measurement object, a medium which is enclosed inside each of the plural cells and rotates a light polarization plane according to an intensity of the magnetic field, an irradiator to irradiate a light to the detection surface of each of the cells, and a detector to detect a rotation angle of a polarization plane of the light passing through each of the cells.

Disclosed is a method for achieving efficient and accurate measurement of path capacities of a communication network. The method includes the following steps: (a) transmitting a number of probes from a local node to a remote node over a forward network path, each probe contains at least one probe packet and can elicit the remote node to transmit a number of response packets to the local node over a reverse network path; (b) determine for each response packet a minimum round-trip packet delay between the time transmitting the probe and the time receiving the response packet; (c) calculate a number of pair-wise minimum delay differences from the minimum round-trip packet delays. The number of pair-wise minimum delay differences can be used as a measurement of the forward capacity, reverse capacity, faster-path capacity, slower-path capacity and a degree of capacity asymmetry between the local node and the remote node.

Water / fat separation imaging is performed by an MRI device, even if the measurement is not performed with such echo times that the phases of water and fat signals become in-phase or out-of-phase. A determination is made as to which of two obtained separation images is a water image or a fat image. Two water / fat ratio maps are calculated from two original images obtained with such two echo times that phase differences of water and fat signals do not become positive and negative values, and do not becomes integral multiples of π. Two phase maps are calculated from the two water / fat ratio maps and are combined to calculate two minimum phase difference maps showing minimum spatial phase difference. From dispersion in differential maps obtained by spatially differentiating the minimum phase difference maps, a correct minimum phase difference map is determined, and is used to perform phase correction of the original image.

The present invention relates to a subscription-based measurement concept where the detailed parameters for a certain measurement report are set by a measurement provider, i.e. a radio base station, instead of the measurement requester. For this purpose the measurement provider “publishes” a certain set of measurements that controller units for radio resource management (RRM) can subscribe to. According to the present invention parameters of measurements are defined in detail in the measuring entity, i.e. the target radio base station, as opposed to being defined by the requesting entity, i. e. the RRM controller.

The geometry measurement apparatus includes: an image acquisition part that acquires a plurality of captured images generated by imaging an object to be measured, onto which a plurality of respectively different projection patterns are sequentially projected; a quantization part that generates a quantization value of a luminance value for each pixel in the plurality of captured images by comparing the luminance value with a predetermined reference value; a selection part that selects, based on the relationship between the reference value and the luminance value for a plurality of pixels having the same coordinates in the plurality of captured images, a quantization value to be used for identifying the geometry of the object to be measured, from among a plurality of quantization values corresponding to the plurality of captured images; and a geometry identification part that identifies the geometry of the object to be measured based on the quantization value selected by the selection part.

Exposure position marks are reliably recognized and the displacement of an exposure position is correctly and efficiently detected based on measurement results produced by recognizing the marks. The exposure position marks are constructed of a first pattern made up of an inner quadrangular pattern and an outer quadrangular pattern and a second pattern shaped as a rectangular frame whose inner edge and outer edge are formed as quadrangular patterns. The first pattern and the second pattern are formed with an intention of making center positions of the first pattern and the second pattern match and of having the second pattern disposed inside a region between an inner quadrangular pattern and an outer quadrangular pattern of the first pattern. The displacement of the exposure position is found by calculating an average of a measurement produced by detecting a displacement between the center positions of the inner quadrangular pattern of the first pattern and the quadrangular pattern that is the inner edge of the second pattern and a measurement produced by detecting a displacement between the center positions of the outer quadrangular pattern of the first pattern and the quadrangular pattern that is the outer edge of the second pattern.

Exposure position marks are reliably recognized and the displacement of an exposure position is correctly and efficiently detected based on measurement results produced by recognizing the marks. The exposure position marks are constructed of a first pattern made up of an inner quadrangular pattern and an outer quadrangular pattern and a second pattern shaped as a rectangular frame whose inner edge and outer edge are formed as quadrangular patterns. The first pattern and the second pattern are formed with an intention of making center positions of the first pattern and the second pattern match and of having the second pattern disposed inside a region between an inner quadrangular pattern and an outer quadrangular pattern of the first pattern. The displacement of the exposure position is found by calculating an average of a measurement produced by detecting a displacement between the center positions of the inner quadrangular pattern of the first pattern and the quadrangular pattern that is the inner edge of the second pattern and a measurement produced by detecting a displacement between the center positions of the outer quadrangular pattern of the first pattern and the quadrangular pattern that is the outer edge of the second pattern

A gas injector apparatus and method for use with a tracer gas airflow measurement system that allows for large, continuous tracer gas flow rates while avoiding operation at very cold temperatures that will damage equipment. The controlled and variable heating of high pressure tracer gas flow before a gas regulator allows all points in the system to remain above freezing, and within a safe temperature range. The system has a tracer gas source and a heater that heats the gas isobarically at high pressure (>100 psi) and the hot gas is expanded across a pressure regulator to a lower working pressure to ˜30 psi. The gas flow is modulated using a mass flow controller with a high turndown ratio and injected into a bulk fluid flow with an injector.