155results about How to "Large throughput" patented technology

Cassette (50) performs assays, e.g. multiplexed protein biomarker assays. Wide, bubble-free, slow flows are produced from liquids stored on cassette (50), flowing over wide array (20) of ligand receptors on a capture surface. Flows of Reynolds Number less than about 1, preferably 1×10⁻¹ to 5×10⁻³, are heated in region (34) preceding and including bubble removal system (128). Analyte is introduced through compressed septum (32). External actuations of displacement pumps (30, 37) and valves (137 A, B, and C) produce flows in response to flow-front optical sensors (150, 152). Elastic sheet provides pump and valve diaphragms and resilient expansion of mixing volume (131). Break-away cover portions are pistons. Heating is by conduction through cassette from external contact heater. Planar cassette body, when tilted from horizontal, enables upward flow from pumped storage (134, 135) to reaction (133) to waste (139), with buoyancy bubble removal before reaction. Reading of fluorescence is by external reader, employing calibration, control and reference features on capture surface. Extensive set of calibration features of differing intensities enables self-calibration.

Improved optical devices and methods transmit optical images along elongate optical paths with relatively limited cross-sectional dimensions using an improved objective, relay, and ocular systems. In a first aspect, at least one intermediate image formed within an optical component, rather than being formed in a gap between optical components. In a preferred embodiment, a first intermediate image is formed within glass of the most proximal objective lens, with the first intermediate image extending axially along a curved image location within the glass. The last intermediate image may similarly be disposed within a distal lens of the ocular system. By making use of a first and/or last intermediate image disposed in this manner within a lens, endoscopes can exhibit a significantly larger Numerical Aperture than known endoscopes having similar cross-sectional dimensions. In a second aspect, the ocular system allows independent adjustment of diopters, magnification, X-Y positioning, and rotation orientation of the captured image while introducing minimal aberrations.

A content distribution method and system for distributing content over a peer-to-peer network such that the full potential throughput of the network is achieved. The content distribution method divides the content to be distributed into many small blocks. Each of the content blocks then is assigned to a node, which can be a content-requesting node, a non-content-requesting node or a source node. Content is assigned based on a capacity of the node, where nodes having a larger capacity are assigned a greater number of content blocks and nodes having a smaller capacity are assigned a fewer content blocks. The capacity generally is defined as the upload bandwidth of the node. Redistribution queues are employed to control the throughput of the distribution. This bandwidth control strategy ensures that upload bandwidths of the peer and source nodes are fully utilized even with network anomalies such as packet losses and delivery jitters.

The overall throughput of the radio communication traffic in a radio communication area in a radio communication environment where a plurality of types of radio communication systems are mixedly used in a neighboring radio communication area is improved. When a multi-mode control station (101) performs communication with a terminal station in a network through a plurality of types of communication systems, a communication link parameter collecting section (10141) collects parameters indicating the states of the communication links. A resource allocation determining section (10143) determines communication resource allocation for which the throughput is the greatest for each resource allocation period according to the parameters. A communication control section (1015) controls a multi-mode communication unit (1012) according to the result of the determination.

The present invention provides methods, systems, and computer program instructions for providing location-independent packet routing and secure access in a wireless networking environment (such as that encountered within a building), enabling client devices to travel seamlessly within the environment. Each client device uses a constant address. An address translation process that is transparent to the client and server is automatically performed as the device roams through the environment, enabling efficient client migration from one supporting access point to another. The secure access techniques provide user-centric authentication and allow policy-driven packet filtering, while taking advantage of encryption capabilities that are built in to the hardware at each endpoint.

Provided is a wireless communication apparatus by which the maximum throughput can be obtained while satisfying required reception qualities in multicarrier communication. In the apparatus, a coding section (101) performs error correction coding to all of the plurality of resource blocks at a same coding rate, modulating sections (103-1 to 103-n) generate data symbols by modulating coding data for each of the resource blocks (1 to n), and repetition sections (104-1 to 104-n) repeat the data symbols inputted from the modulation section (103) for each of the resource blocks (1 to n) to generate a plurality of same data symbols. Namely, while the coding rate is same in all of the resource blocks, modulation system and the number of repetitions differ by resource block.

A system for the processing of large substrates such as those employed in the manufacture of flat panel displays is disclosed. In a first embodiment, a loadlock assembly, comprising two loadlock chambers configured to accommodate a multiplicity of large substrates, is coupled to a processing chamber with an input/output port. The processing chamber and the loadlock assembly are configured to move relative to each other to allow positioning of: either of the two loadlock chambers with said port; and any one of the multiplicity of large substrates for passage through the port. In a second embodiment, input and output loadlock assemblies, each comprising two loadlock chambers, are coupled to a dual-ported processing chamber in a pass-through configuration, wherein the input and output loadlock assemblies each move independently relative to the processing chamber.

A system is designed for processing instructions in real time during a session. This system comprises: a preloader for obtaining reference data relating to the instructions, the reference data indicating the current values of each specified resource account data file, and the preloader being arranged to read the reference data for a plurality of received instructions in parallel from a master database; an enriched instruction queue for queuing the instructions together with their respective preloaded reference data; an execution engine for determining sequentially whether each received instruction can be executed under the present values of the relevant resource account files and for each executable instruction to generate an updating command; and an updater, responsive to the updating command from the execution engine (for updating the master database with the results of each executable instruction, the operation of the plurality of updaters being decoupled from the operation of the execution engine.

The invention discloses a cellulose acetate/nano titanium dioxide mixed media hollow fiber positive osmotic membrane. 0.05-4.0% (w/w) of nano titanium dioxide and 0.01-1.0% (w/w) of oxidized graphene are added into a solution composed of N-methyl-pyrrolidone or dimethylacetamide or dimethylformamide and 1,4-dioxane, 3.0-21.0% (w/w) of additives is added, uniform stirring is carried out for 5-60min, then 15.0-40.0% (w/w) of cellulose acetate is added, full stirring is carried out at a temperature of 20-70 DEG C, the mixture is allowed to stand, and a hollow fiber positive osmotic membrane is obtained through spinning. The osmotic membrane employs 1M of NaCl as a drive liquid and deionized water as a raw material liquid, the water flux is 16.5L/m2h, the reverse salt flux is less than 3.5g/m2h, and the contact angle is 60.2 degrees in test time of 1h.

High pressure synthesis of various crystals such as diamond, cBN and the like can be carried out using reaction assemblies suitable for use in methods such as temperature gradient methods. The reaction assembly can be oriented substantially perpendicular to gravity during application of high pressure. Orienting the reaction assembly in this manner can avoid detrimental effects of gravity on the molten catalyst, e.g., convection, hence increasing available volumes for growing high quality crystals. Multiple reaction assemblies can be oriented in series or parallel, each reaction assembly having one or more growth cells suitable for growth of high quality crystals. Additionally, various high pressure apparatuses can be used. A split die design allows for particularly effective results and control of temperature and growth conditions for individual crystals.

An energy efficient, high throughput process for aromatics recovery can be readily implemented by revamping existing sulfolane solvent extraction facilities, or constructing new ones, so as to incorporate unique process operations involving liquid-liquid extraction and extractive distillation. Current industrial sulfolane solvent based liquid-liquid extraction processes employ a liquid-liquid extraction column, an extractive stripping column, a solvent recovery column, a raffinate wash column, and a solvent regenerator. The improved process for aromatic hydrocarbon recovery from a mixture of aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons requires transformation of the extractive stripping column into a modified extractive distillation column. The revamping incorporates the unique advantages of liquid-liquid extraction and extractive distillation into one process to significantly reduce energy consumption and increase process throughput. The revamp entails essentially only piping changes and minor equipment adjustments of the original liquid-liquid extraction facility, and is therefore, reversible.

Intelligent technique is an effective method to perform the network resource management. A three layer cascade adaptive neural fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based intelligent controller is proposed for the mobile wireless network to optimize the maximum average throughput, minimum transmit power and interference for multimedia call services. The proposed intelligent controller is designed with a three layer cascade architecture, which mainly contains an ANFIS rate controller (ARC) in the first layer, an ANFIS power controller (APC) in the second layer and an ANFIS interference controller (AIC) in the third layer. The design aim of the proposed three layer cascade ANFIS cognitive engine is maximizing the average throughput of the mobile wireless network, while minimizing the transmit power and interference power.

The invention discloses a heavy metal ion adsorption type polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane. The invention belongs to the technical field of membranes and in particular relates to a preparation technology for an organic-inorganic hybrid hollow fiber membrane. The heavy metal ion adsorption type PVDF hollow fiber membrane comprises modified attapulgite, wherein the mass ratio of the PVDF to the modified attapulgite is (1:0.01)-(1:0.1). The heavy metal ion adsorption type PVDF hollow fiber membrane has the advantages that high pressure resistance is achieved, a supporting body is not required, a membrane component has any sizes and shapes and large filling density, and unit volume membrane area and flux are large. In addition, the hybrid membrane is high in spinning performance, the spinning membrane-forming process is simple in process, and cost is low.

Apparatus and methods for improved transportation functionality. In one aspect, the invention comprises an improved and highly integrated transportation apparatus adapted to bring a plurality of different modalities in close physical proximity for enhanced efficiency. One exemplary embodiment comprises a multi-level structure disposed in a substantially contained low depth body of water (e.g., bay) and proximate one or more land masses to facilitate service via rail, land vehicle, ships, and ferries. Multiple long-length runways are also provided on the substantially planar top surface to accommodate air traffic. A monorail or similar system is also employed to allow ready movement between the various transportation interfaces.

A spectrometer assembly (10), comprising an Echelle grating (18; 46) for dispersing radiation entering the spectrometer assembly (10) in a main dispersion direction, and a dispersion assembly (16; 40) for dispersing a parallel radiation bundle generated from the radiation entering the spectrometer assembly in a lateral dispersion direction, is characterized in that the dispersion assembly (16; 40) is reflective, and the dispersion assembly (16; 40) is arranged relative to the Echelle grating (18; 46) in such a way that the parallel radiation bundle is reflected in the direction of the Echelle grating. The Echelle grating (18; 46) may be arranged in such a way that the dispersed radiation is reflected back to the dispersion assembly (16; 40).

Provided are an apparatus and method for measuring a carrier-to-interference and noise ratio (CINR) using a pilot symbol in a digital communication system, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for measuring a CINR by estimating a data signal, noise, and an interference signal from a pilot symbol in a digital communication system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)/orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access (OFDMA). The apparatus includes: a pilot symbol acquisition unit for acquiring the pilot symbol from a baseband frequency signal; a signal estimation unit for estimating a pilot signal and a data signal from the pilot symbol; a power calculation unit for calculating a power value of the estimated data signal and calculating a power value of a noise signal from a difference between the pilot symbol and an estimated pilot signal; and a CINR calculation unit for calculating a CINR on the basis of the power values of the data and noise signals. Thus, a pilot symbol is used for more easily and precisely measuring a CINR of a received signal, and scheduling of a base station and transmission power control of a terminal are performed on the basis of the measured CINR.

A high-contrast electro-optic liquid crystal camera iris provides angle independent transmission for uniform gray shades. The liquid crystal iris comprises a combination of first and second liquid crystal devices arranged in optical series and positioned between optical polarizers. The director field of the second liquid crystal device is a mirror image of the director field of the first liquid crystal device, and the first and second liquid crystal devices are placed together so that the azimuthal directions of the surface-contacting directors are in parallel alignment at the adjoining or confronting surfaces of the substrates of the first and second liquid crystal devices. The liquid crystal iris provides, therefore, less angular variation of intermediate transmittances compared with that provided by prior art liquid crystal iris.

A mapping technique allows a forwarding engine of an intermediate node to efficiently compute a starting address within an internal packet memory (IPM) configured to hold a packet received at the node. The starting address is used by direct memory access logic to merge a trailer of the packet stored in the IPM with a modified packet header generated by the forwarding engine. However, the size of the IPM is preferably not a binary number that can be easily manipulated by the forwarding engine when computing the starting address of the packet within the IPM. Therefore, the technique automatically adjusts the starting address to map to a correct location if the address exceeds the size of the IPM, while obviating the need for the forwarding engine to consider a wrap-around condition when computing the starting address.